65 research outputs found
Sustained magneto-shear instabilities in the solar tachocline
We present nonlinear three-dimensional simulations of the stably-stratified
portion of the solar tachocline in which the rotational shear is maintained by
mechanical forcing. When a broad toroidal field profile is specified as an
initial condition, a clam-shell instability ensues which is similar to the
freely-evolving cases studied previously. After the initial nonlinear
saturation, the residual mean fields are apparently too weak to sustain the
instability indefinitely. However, when a mean poloidal field is imposed in
addition to the rotational shear, a statistically-steady state is achieved in
which the clam-shell instability is operating continually. This state is
characterized by a quasi-periodic exchange of energy between the mean toroidal
field and the instability mode with a longitudinal wavenumber m=1. This
quasi-periodic behavior has a timescale of several years and may have
implications for tachocline dynamics and field emergence patterns throughout
the solar activity cycle.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures (eps format). Fig. 3 also in jpg format. Submitted
to Astrophysical Journal Letter
A theoretical study of the build-up of the Sun's polar magnetic field by using a 3D kinematic dynamo model
We develop a three-dimensional kinematic self-sustaining model of the solar
dynamo in which the poloidal field generation is from tilted bipolar sunspot
pairs placed on the solar surface above regions of strong toroidal field by
using the SpotMaker algorithm, and then the transport of this poloidal field to
the tachocline is primarily caused by turbulent diffusion. We obtain a dipolar
solution within a certain range of parameters. We use this model to study the
build-up of the polar magnetic field and show that some insights obtained from
surface flux transport (SFT) models have to be revised. We present results
obtained by putting a single bipolar sunspot pair in a hemisphere and two
symmetrical sunspot pairs in two hemispheres.We find that the polar fields
produced by them disappear due to the upward advection of poloidal flux at low
latitudes, which emerges as oppositely-signed radial flux and which is then
advected poleward by the meridional flow. We also study the effect that a large
sunspot pair, violating Hale's polarity law would have on the polar field. We
find that there would be some effect---especially if the anti-Hale pair appears
at high latitudes in the mid-phase of the cycle---though the effect is not very
dramatic.Comment: 18 pages, 18 figures, published in Ap
A Theory on the Convective Origins of Active Longitudes on Solar-like Stars
Using a thin flux tube model in a rotating spherical shell of turbulent,
solar-like convective flows, we find that the distribution of emerging flux
tubes in our simulation is inhomogeneous in longitude, with properties similar
to those of active longitudes on the Sun and other solar-like stars. The
large-scale pattern of flux emergence our simulations produce exhibits
preferred longitudinal modes of low order, drift with respect to a fixed
reference system, and alignment across the Equator at low latitudes between 15
degrees. We suggest that these active-longitude-like emergence patterns are the
result of columnar, rotationally aligned giant cells present in our convection
simulation at low latitudes. If giant convecting cells exist in the bulk of the
solar convection zone, this phenomenon, along with differential rotation, could
in part provide an explanation for the behavior of active longitudes.Comment: This paper was accepted to The Astrophysical Journal on May 6, 201
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