The effect of irrigating solutions on the Ca/P ration in root dentine

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Na-EDTA and NaOCl in mineral contents in root dentine using SEM and EDS. Material and method: Twenty-two specimens of the middle radicular third obtained from human first molars, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were examined. Specimens were polished and divided into four groups. The first group was treated with saline and used as control. The second group was treated with Na-EDTA for one minute, followed by saline irrigation. The third group was treated with combination of Na-EDTA and NaOCl and the last, fourth group was treated with NaOCl only. Results have shown that Na-EDTA combined with NaOCl as the final flush and NaOCl alone, have significantly influenced changes in the Ca/P ration of the root dentine. The use of NaOCl as the final flush altered the effectiveness of chelating agents in root dentine.

Bijela krvna slika u različitim stadijima kroničnog parodontitisa

Periodontal disease is considered to be an inflammatory disorder that is related to the accumulation of oral microbial biofilm and the host response to this accumulation. The host reaction to gingival microorganisms is characterized in part by increase in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts, which is one of the most important steps in host defense. Exaggerated leukocytes and neutrophils of host response are a very important component in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between white blood cell count and periodontal disease in subjects with moderate and severe periodontitis and in control subjects with healthy periodontal tissues. Leukocytes for the present study were obtained from peripheral venous blood of 50 patients with moderate periodontitis, 50 patients with severe periodontitis and 25 healthy subjects. The clinical parameters of periodontitis including plaque index, bleeding on probing and gingival index were determined in all study subjects. In both moderate and severe periodontitis, the results indicated a significantly higher count of neutrophils (p<0.001), as well as of both lymphocytes and total leukocytes (p<0.05). The values of clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing) also showed significant between-group differences (p<0.005 and p<0.001, respectively). It is possible that there is a significant relationship between total leukocyte count, neutrophil count and different forms of periodontal disease.Parodontna bolest je upalni poremećaj koji je povezan s akumulacijom oralnog mikrobnog biofilma i odgovorom domaćina na tu akumulaciju. Reakciju domaćina na gingivne mikroorganizme karakterizira donekle i povećanje broja polimorfonuklearnih leukocita, koji je jedan od najvažnijih koraka u odgovoru domaćina. Povećanje leukocita i neutrofila u okviru odgovora domaćina je veoma važna komponenta u patogenezi parodontne bolesti. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati vezu između broja bijelih krvnih zrnaca i parodontne bolesti kod ispitanika s blagom i uznapredovalom parodontopatijom i kontrolnih ispitanika sa zdravim parodontnim tkivom. Uzorak krvi za ispitivanje broja leukocita u ovom se istraživanju uzimao iz periferne venske krvi 50 ispitanika s umjerenom, 50 ispitanika s uznapredovalom parodontopatijom i 25 kontrolnih ispitanika. Klinički parametri parodontopatije, tj. plak indeks, indeks krvarenja i gingivni indeks određivali su se kod svih ispitanika. Kod obje skupine s parodontopatijom rezultati su pokazali značajno povećan broj neutrofila (p<0,001). Rezultati su također pokazali kako postoji značajnost između limfocita i ukupnog broja leukocita (p<0,05) među skupinama. Vrijednosti kliničkih parametara (plak indeks, gingivni indeks i indeks krvarenja) pokazale su značajnu razliku (p<0,005, p<0,001) među skupinama. U zaključku, moguće je da postoji značajna veza između ukupnog broja leukocita, broja neutrofila i različitih oblika parodontne bolesti

Terapijska učinkovitost klindamicin gela kao dodatak bazičnoj terapiji kronične parodontopatije

Clindamycin, a lincosamide antibiotic, has been under-recognized as an antimicrobial agent for use in dentistry. The aim of the present work was to evaluate clinical efficacy of 2% clindamycin gel in addition to the basic mechanical periodontal therapy. At baseline, scaling and root planing (SRP) was performed at all 50 subjects (control group and test group). Clindamycin gel was applied after SRP only in the test group. Clinical measurements including periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) were done at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Compared to baseline, the PPD and CAL values significantly decreased in the test group (p<0.05) and were statistically lower (p<0.05) compared to control group. PPD reduction of 2.42 mm was obtained in the test group and could be generally considered as clinically significant. A PPD reduction greater than 2 mm indicated that clindamycin gel could be used efficiently as an adjunct to SRP. Also, between-group difference in BOP and PI scores was statistically significant 6 months after treatment. In conclusion, the application of clindamycin gel in combination with SRP enhanced the efficacy of non surgical periodontal therapy in reducing pocket depth and improving attachment levels in chronic periodontitis subjects and had additional benefits over mechanical therapy alone.Klindamicin, linkozamidni antibiotik, je u širokoj upotrebi u stomatologiji. Cilj ovoga rada je bio procijeniti kliničku učinkovitost 2% klindamicin gela kao dodatne terapije bazičnoj terapiji kronične parodontopatije. Bazična terapija provedena je u svih 50 pacijenata (kontrolna skupina i ispitna skupina). Klindamicin gel je primijenjen nakon bazične terapije parodontopatije samo u ispitnoj skupini. Praćeni su sljedeći klinički parametri: dubina parodontalnog džepa (DPDZ), razina pripojnog epitela (NPE), indeks krvarenja (Ikr), plak indeks (PI). Mjerenje indeksa provedeno je prilikom prve terapije te tri i šest mjeseci nakon tretmana. DPDZ i NPE vrijednosti su bile značajno smanjene u ispitnoj skupini (p<0,05) i bile su statističke niže u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu (p<0,05). Smanjenje dubine parodontalnog džepa za 2,42 mm zabilježeno je u ispitnoj skupini i može se smatrati klinički značajnim. Ovo smanjenje pokazuje da klindamicin gel ima terapijski učinak kao dodatak bazičnoj terapiji u liječenju kronične parodontopatije. Također je evidentirana statistička razlika između skupina u Ikr i PI šest mjeseci nakon terapije. Zaključuje se da primjena klindamicin gela u kombinaciji s bazičnom terapijom parodontopatije povećava učinkovitost nekirurške terapije

Incidence of lip and palate clefts in children in Niš from 1990 to 2007

Introduction. Cleft lip and palate is a complex congenital anomaly of the orofacial system in children. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of live-born children with cleft lip and/or palate compared to the total number of children born in the period from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2007. Methods. Epidemiological investigation was based on the records of live-born children at the Hospital of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Clinical Centre Niš. The study included 61,116 live-born children, i.e. 56,905 full-term babies. Results. The total number of registered clefts during the investigation period was 43 (22 boys and 21 girls). The most frequent were the secondary palate clefts (44.2%); combined clefts were present in 34.9%, while primary palate clefts were reported in 20.9%. In respect to the season and order of birth, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the primary, secondary and complete palate clefts. The age of mothers was not identified as a risk factor for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate. Conclusion. In the studied period, 43 children were born with the cleft lip and/or palate, equally in boys as in girls. The secondary palate clefts were most frequent. The season and order of birth had no statistical influence on the occurrence of this anomaly