Barriers Identification as Intervention to Engage Breast Cancer Survivors in Physical Activity

This study was designed to demonstrate the advantage of adding cancer barriers to components of decision-making in the transtheoretical model (TTM). In study 1, questionnaires were completed by 139 breast cancer survivors including decisional balance, cancer-related barriers and stages of readiness. In study 2, efficiency of directly tackling cancer-related barriers through motivational-style conversation was tested in a quasi-experimental design. From study 1, all decision-making variables were related to stages of readiness, but cancer-related barriers were the sole predictors of engagement in physical activity. Out of the three groups of study 2, only the group with motivational-style conversation displayed a significant progress for engagement in physical activity. Demonstrating that cancer-related barriers predict stage of change above the effects of the two components of decisional balance provides a validation of positions that put cancer-related barriers as uniquely related to stages of change, and suggests that adding them in decision making variables in TTM’s model can provide a genuinely new contribution to the understanding of physical activity adherence. Regarding implication for cancer survivors, these results suggest that in order to stimulate progress in early stages of change, a greater emphasis may be needed on reducing cancer-related barriers

The Tip of the Iceberg: Uncovering Attitudes towards Invisible Disability

Invisible disabilities account for 80% of all disabilities, but are mostly overlooked in the disability research field. Existing literature indicates that social inclusion of individuals with invisible disabilities is particularly challenging, potentially leading to heightened experiences of discrimination compared to individuals with visible disabilities. Related to these difficulties, we hypothesized that attitudes towards invisible disabilities are more negative than towards visible disabilities. In three studies (Ntotal = 444), we used the VAAST (Visual Approach Avoidance by the Self Task), an immersive approach-avoidance paradigm to test this hypothesis. In Study 1, approach-avoidance tendencies towards visible and invisible disabilities were compared, and Study 2 replicated these findings among a population of teachers. Study 3 employed an Incident-VAAST, allowing indirect evaluations of approach-avoidance tendencies, to address potential participants’ control bias and the artificiality of direct comparisons between visible and invisible disabilities. Our results, supported by frequentist and Bayesian statistics, as well as a mini meta-analysis, consistently showed faster avoidance tendencies towards invisible disabilities, indicating stronger negative attitudes, compared to visible disabilities. This research brings evidence concerning the social exclusion specifically faced by people with invisible disabilities, nuancing the actual state of knowledge and raising awareness about the experiences of the majority of individuals with disabilities

La Résilience à Paris : états des lieux et préconisations multi-bénéfices pour l’espace public

Dans la lignée des engagements pris par Paris à la COP21, la Ville de Paris a décidé de s’engager dans le programme “100 villes résilientes” dans l’objectif de renforcer la résilience du territoire parisien. Ce programme financé par la fondation Rockefeller vise à soutenir les grandes métropoles dans l’élaboration et la mise en oeuvre d’une stratégie derésilience, et à favoriser les échanges d'expériences entre les métropoles du réseau. La mission résilience coordonnée par Sébastien Maire pilote ce projet au Secrétariat général de la Ville de Paris. Une première étape à l’été 2016, a permis de dresser un diagnostic des risques. La deuxième étape consiste à élaborer une stratégie de résilience avec l’ensemble des services de la ville, voire de la métropole. Notre mission s’intègre dans cette deuxième phase, avec pour objectif spécifique d’analyser la résilience de l’espace public parisien à l’aune des risques identifiés, et de proposer des pistes de solutions favorables à un aménagement résilient de l'espace public