3 research outputs found
Polyamine Oxidase and Diamine Oxidase Activities in Human Milk during the First Month of Lactation
Objective: Human milk (HM) is the ideal food for all newborns and
infants. Apart from various bioactive compounds, including cytokines,
antibodies, hormones, vitamines, it also contains polyamines, such as
spermine (Sp), spermidine (Spd) and putrescine (Put). Aim: The present
study investigated polyamine metabolism in colostrum and mature human
milk by measuring the polyamine oxidase (PAO) and diamine oxidase (DAO)
enzyme activities, which are necessary for polyamine catabolism, as
well as by determining the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, the final
product of polyamine biodegradation. Methods: The PAO, DAO activity and
MDA levels were quantified in colostrum (1st and 2nd day) as well as in
mature human milk, 30th day of lactation. Findings: We found the steady
increase of PAO activity and steady decrease of DAO activity and MDA
levels during first month of lactation. Conclusion: Since the products
of PAO activity such as, amino aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
might have potential antimicrobial effects, promoting the oxidative
stress, it is likely that human milk PAO throughout the lactation
period, contributes to the protective effects of human milk