41 research outputs found
Dincolo de ființă. Neoplatonismul și aporiile originii inefabile
Această carte discută problema fundamentală a neoplatonismului – cea a unui principiu de dincolo de ființă și de gândire – în operele celor mai importanți reprezentanți ai acestui curent filozofic: Plotin, Porfir, Iamblichos, Proclus și Damascius. Este vorba despre una dintre cele mai pasionante înfruntări din istoria filozofiei, care pornește de la câteva indicații enigmatice din dialogurile lui Platon, referitoare la sursa cunoașterii și a ființei lucrurilor. Depășind distincția platonică dintre lumea sensibilă și cea inteligibilă, filozofii neoplatonici au căutat să înțeleagă principiul absolut, numit unu sau bine, care face posibilă lumea inteligibilă însăși și realitatea în ansamblul ei, dar care trece astfel dincolo de ființă și de gândire. Volumul de față urmăreşte modul în care evoluează căutarea principiului – cu intriga, desfăşurarea şi deznodământul ei –, dezvăluind disputele interpretative, directe sau indirecte, ce se ţes între filozofii neoplatonici. Miza analizei este aceea de a arăta că, departe de a reprezentaun „dat“ dogmatic inflexibil, problema principiului de dincolo de fiinţă nu încetează să se adâncească şi să se reformuleze, cu mereu alte dificultăţi, de-a lungul tradiţiei neoplatonice
Unvermeidlich Gesamtheit: Damaskios und die Aporie des Prinzips jenseits von allem
Dans cet article, nous discutons la première partie de l’aporie du principe premier énoncée par Damascius dans son Traité des premiers principes. La question qui se pose est de savoir quelle est la source de cette aporie qui met face à face le principe et le « tout » de la pensée et de la réalité. L’hypothèse que nous allons argumenter consiste à dire que c’est précisément le sens spécifique du « tout » chez Damascius qui est responsable pour cette aporie. Nous allons discuter la dynamique interne de ce « tout » qui empêche que le principe soit situé « au-delà du tout ».U ovom članku raspravljamo o prvome dijelu aporije prvog principa kojeg je formulirao Damaskije u njegovoj raspravi De principiis. Pokušat ćemo ustanoviti izvor ove aporije koja se suprotstavlja principu i »svim stvarima«. Hipoteza koju zagovaramo je ta da je upravo specifični smisao ‘svega’ u Damaskijevoj misli odgovoran za ovu aporiju. Razmotrit ćemo inherentnu dinamiku ‘svega’, koja sprječava da se princip smjesti »iznad svega«.In this article, we discuss the first part of the aporia of the first principle formulated by Damascius in his treatise De principiis. We are trying to identify the source of this aporia that opposes the principle and “all things”. The hypothesis that we are going to argue is that it is precisely the specific sense of the ‘all’ in Damascius’ thought that is responsible for this aporia. We will discuss the inherent dynamics of this ‘all’, which prevents that the principle be situated “above the all”.In diesem Artikel besprechen wir den ersten Teil der Aporie des ersten Prinzips, niedergelegt von Damaskios in dessen Abhandlung Über die ersten Prinzipien (De principiis). Wir starten den Versuch, die Wurzel dieser Aporie zu identifizieren, die dem Prinzip und „allen Dingen“ entgegentritt. Die von uns vorgebrachte Hypothese besagt, ebenjener spezifische Sinn von „allem“ im Gedanken Damaskios sei schuldtragend an der diskutierten Aporie. Wir erörtern die „allem“ inhärente Dynamik, die eine Positionierung des Prinzips „jenseits von allem“ unterbindet
Current use of medicinal plants for children’s diseases among mothers in Southern Romania
There is a limited number of studies focusing on ethnomedical practices in children, particularly in Eastern Europe. Romania has a rich history of using medicinal plants in ethnopediatric care, and our objective was to identify the medicinal plants currently employed in treating childhood illnesses in the southern region of the country.Material and methods Our investigation used structured interviews, focusing on respondent demographics, local names of therapeutically employed herbs, the specific plant part(s) utilized, methods of preparation and administration, and local folk indications of taxa. A total of 326 mothers with children aged 0 to 18, hospitalized in the “Grigore Alexandrescu” Children Emergency Hospital Bucharest and residing in Southern Romania, were enrolled in the study. Use Value Citation Index (UVc), Informant Consensus Factor (Fic), and Fidelity Level (FL) were calculated.Results Twenty-five plants were identified for treating children’s diseases in Southern Romania. The majority of informants resided in urban areas, and mothers primarily acquired knowledge from family members and healthcare professionals. The herbs most frequently employed were Mentha spp. (UV = 0.509) for diarrhea, Matricaria spp. (UV = 0.301) for skin infections (Fic = 0.99) and digestive diseases (Fic = 0.98), and Calendula officinalis L. (UV = 0.365) for skin diseases (Fic = 0.99). Less utilized were Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus (L.) Domin in respiratory diseases, Prunus avium (L.) L. stalks in urinary tract ailments, Helianthus annuus L. in ear infections, Allium sativum L. in intestinal parasitosis, Viola tricolor L. in hives, Triticum aestivum L. in dermatitis and Allium ursinum L. as a tonic. In 184 cases herbal treatment was used in conjunction with conventional medications. Education level correlated with the number of employed plants and the variety of treated ailments, while residency (rural vs. urban) did not. Both residency and education influenced plant procurement methods: rural background and, surprisingly, higher education were linked to a preference for harvesting rather than purchasing plants.Conclusion Botanical remedies are still commonly used in the treatment of pediatric diseases in Southern Romania, although the variety of taxa seems reduced compared to the past. Further exploration is essential to unlock the maximum benefits of ethnopediatric practices
Intestinal dysbiosis – a new treatment target in the prevention of colorectal cancer
The gastrointestinal microbiome contains at least 100 trillion microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi), whose distribution varies from the mouth to the rectum spatially and temporally throughout one\u27s lifetime. The microbiome benefits from advancing research due to its major role in human health. Studies indicate that its functions are immunity, metabolic processes and mucosal barrier. The disturbances of these functions, dysbiosis, influence physiology, lead to diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and colon tumorigenesis. The third most common form of cancer, colorectal cancer, is the result of many factors and genes, and although the link between dysbiosis and this type of cancer is poorly characterized, it has been shown that some bacterial species and their metabolites have a critical role in developing colorectal cancer. Also, gut microbiota plays a role in the inflammatory response and immune process perturbations during the progression of colorectal cancer. Some new technologies, such as metagenome sequencing, facilitated the progress by analyzing the metabolic and genetic profile of microbiota, revealing details about the bacterial composition, host interactions, and taxonomic alterations. This review summarizes the studies regarding the link between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer, targeting new therapeutic strategies
Nuclear data for fusion technology – the European approach
The European approach for the development of nuclear data for fusion technology applications is presented. Related R&D activities are conducted by the Consortium on Nuclear Data Development and Analysis for Fusion to satisfy the nuclear data needs of the major projects including ITER, the Early Neutron Source (ENS) and DEMO. Recent achievements are presented in the area of nuclear data evaluations, benchmarking and validation, nuclear model improvements, and uncertainty assessments
On the synergy of nuclear data for fusion and model assumptions
A deuteron breakup (BU) parametrization is involved within the BU analysis of recently measured reaction-in-flight (RIF) neutron time-of-flight spectrum, while open questions underlined previously on related fast-neutron induced reaction on Zr isotopes are also addressed in a consistent way, at once with the use of a recent optical potential for α-particles to understand the large discrepancy between the measured and calculated cross sections of the 94Zr(n,α)91Sr reaction. Thus the synergy between the above-mentioned three distinct subjects may finally lead to smaller uncertainties of the nuclear data for fusion while the RIF neutron spectra may also be used to support nuclear model assumptions
Damascius et la divination du principe incoordonné
In this article, we discuss the manner in which Damascius introduces in his discourse an absolute uncoordinated principle that is above the «all». After the main aporia of the principle (which proves that it is impossible to decide whether the principle is above all or included into the all) and after the apparent failure of the solution offered by Damascius (consisting in the «one-all before the all»), the discourse risks an infinite regression, putting forward a new principle that ends up by being reintegrated into the all. We discuss how Damascius surpasses this problem, avoiding the infinite regression : his solution is not a purely argumentative one, but one which leans on divination as a genuine philosophical method.Dans cet article, nous discutons la manière dont Damascius introduit dans son discours le principe absolument incoordonné et au-delà du tout. Après l’aporie fondamentale du principe (qui montre l’impossibilité de décider si le principe est au-delà du tout ou bien inclus dans le tout) et après l’apparent échec de la solution offerte par Damascius (qui consiste dans l' «un-tout avant le tout»), le discours risque de régresser à l’infini, en proposant toujours un nouveau principe, qui se voit inévitablement réintégré dans le tout. Nous analysons comment Damascius surmonte ce problème, sans recourir à une solution purement argumentative, mais une qui s’appuie sur la divination, comprise comme une véritable méthode philosophique.Vlad Marilena. Damascius et la divination du principe incoordonné. In: Revue Philosophique de Louvain. Troisième série, tome 111, n°3, 2013. pp. 469-490
La logique de la lumière chez Pseudo-Denys l’Aréopagite
Cet article se focalise sur le concept de lumière dans les traités du Pseudo-Denys l’Aréopagite Sur les noms divins et La théologie mystique. Le but de l’analyse est de montrer que la lumière n’est pas seulement un nom divin, mais qu’elle a un rôle beaucoup plus complexe dans la pensée de Denys. Premièrement, c’est la lumière qui rend possible le déploiement de tous les noms divins. En outre, elle explique le sens et le fonctionnement du nom divin de « bien ». La lumière est l’essence de ce nom, aussi que de tous les autres noms divins, qu’elle parcourt et unit en une structure originaire. Enfin, son ultime suppression — qui identifie la lumière à son contraire absolu, la ténèbre — engage la suppression de tous les autres noms divins et lumières théologiques, ce qui ouvre vers les plus hauts mystères de la théologie.This article focuses on the concept of light in Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite’s treatises The Divine Names and The Mystical Theology. The aim of the analysis is to show that light is not only a divine name, but has a much more complex role in Dionysius’ thinking. First of all, light makes possible the unfolding of all divine names. Furthermore, it explains the meaning and function of the divine name of “good”. Light is the essence of this name, as well as of all the other divine names, permeating them all and uniting them together in an originary structure. Finally, in its ultimate suppression — which identifies light with its complete opposite, the darkness — all names and theological lights are also suppressed and surpassed, opening towards the highest mysteries of theology