Strategije ujemanja deležnika s koordiniranimi osebki v bosanskem/hrvaškem/srbskem jeziku

In this paper, we demonstrate that Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS), like Slovenian, has three distinct strategies of subject-predicate agreement when the subject consists of conjoined noun phrases: 1. agreement with the maximal projection – a Boolean Phrase (&P), 2. agreement with the conjunct which is closest to the participle, and 3. agreement with the conjunct which is hierarchically the highest. In order to test the initial hypothesis that there are three agreement strategies, we conducted a controlled experimental study of the morphosyntax of agreement between conjoined subjects and participles in BCS, which consisted of an oral production experiment and a written production experiment. These experiments revealed a high presence of default agreement and closest  conjunct agreement in the language. 50% of preverbal conjoined phrases elicited the default masculine agreement and 95% of postverbal conjoined noun phrases elicited the closest conjunct agreement. However, the bulk of the analysis focused on the possibility of treating the highest conjunct agreement (HCA) as a legitimate agreement strategy. 7% of all of the agreement forms in the subject preverbal (SV) examples demonstrated HCA. These figures increased to 13% if individual conditions were considered. Last conjunct agreement (LCA) for subject postverbal (VS) examples, on the other hand, was only present in 1% of the examples. For this reason, we classified them as performance errors and refuted LCA as an agreement strategy. These results are contrary to Bošković’s findings (2009), in which he does not acknowledge HCA as a legitimate strategy, however, our results do confirm the findings of Marušič et al. (2015).V članku pokažemo, da ima bosanski/hrvaški/srbski jezik (BHS) tako kot slovenščina tri strategije ujemanja med osebkom in predikatom, ko je osebek koordinirana samostalniška zveza: 1. ujemanje z maksimalno projekcijo – Boolejeva zveza (&P); 2. ujemanje s koordinirano prvino, ki je bližja deležniku; 3. ujemanje s koordinirano prvino, ki je najvišje v hierarhiji. Da bi preverili podmeno o treh strategijah ujemanja, smo izvedli kontrolirano eksperimentalno študijo oblikoslovno-skladenjskega ujemanja med koordiniranimi osebki in deležniki v BHS, ki je vključevala eksperimenta z govorjenim in pisnim jezikom. Eksperimenta sta pokazala visoko prisotnost privzetega ujemanja in ujemanja z najbližjo koordinirano prvino v osebku. Petdeset odstotkov predglagolskih koordiniranih zvez je pokazalo privzeto ujemanje z moško obliko, petindevetdeset odstotkov zaglagolskih koordiniranih samostalniških zvez pa se je ujemalo po načelu najbližje koordinirane prvine. Analiza je bila v največji meri osredinjena na ustreznost ujemanja s koordinirano prvino, ki je najvišje v hierarhiji (HCA). Slednja se je pojavila v sedmih odstotkih oblik, kjer je bil osebek v predglagolskem položaju. Odstotek naraste na 13, če upoštevamo posamezne pogoje. Ujemanje z zadnjo koordinirano prvino pri zaglagolskih osebkih (LCA) pa je bilo prisotno le v enem odstotku primerov, zato smo jih opredelili kot napake v rabi jezika in zavrnili LCA kot ustrezno strategijo ujemanja. Rezultati nasprotujejo študiji Boškovića (2009), ki zavrača HCA kot ustrezno strategijo, potrjujejo pa izsledke Marušiča et al. (2015)