7 research outputs found
Drug Addiction as Criminogenic Factor
Äinjenica zlouporabe droge, odstupanja od legalnih i moralnih normi, dovodi do nezakonitog, nerijetko kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja.
PromatrajuÄi ovisnost kao potencijalni uzrok kriminalnom ponaÅ”anju, prva je karika u kauzalnom lancu ostvarenja raznih oblika delinkvencije. TakoÄer treba imati u vidu dva prisutna stanja, poÄinjenje odreÄenog kaznenog djela pod utjecajem droge, nabavljanje te konzumaciju droge. Kriminogeni Äimbenik, koji Äe odrediti dimenziju samog kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja, sadržavat Äe subjektivnu životnu situaciju ovisnika, njegovu ovisnost kroz loÅ”e materijalno stanje, skupoÄu droge i sve veÄu potrebu za njom. Taj oblik kriminala može se razumijevati kao steÄeni kriminal, jer da nije bilo ovisnosti kao važnog kriminogenog Äimbenika, njegovih psihiÄkih svojstava, ovisnik vrlo vjerojatno ne bi uÅ”ao u zonu kriminala, odnosno ne bi se moglo govoriti o formiranju njegove kriminalne osobnosti i delinkventnog ponaÅ”anja. Pitanje kaznene odgovornosti, zapravo njegove subjektivne krivnje, kompleksno je. Koliki je znaÄaj ovisnosti kao kriminogenog Äimbenika, ovisit Äe isto tako i od same osobnosti ovisnika. Stvaranjem ovisnosti karakterne crte osobnosti mijenjaju se, zato treba uzeti u obzir kod kriminoloÅ”ke analize i ostale možebitne kriminogene Äimbenike, ali i životnu situaciju osobe prije nego Å”to je uÅ”la u zonu zlouporabe droga.Drug abuse as a form of deviation from legal and moral norm usually leads to illegal, criminal behaviour.
Drug addiction presents just one piece of a puzzle which might lead to a realisation of various criminal acts. Two modalities have to be taken into consideration, on the one hand, perpetration of different criminal offences under the influence of drugs and on the other hand, an acquisition and drug consummation. A criminogenic factor which shall determine a dimension of criminal behaviour comprises of addict\u27s subjective circumstances such as his addiction such as poor material condition, the high price of drugs and increasing desire for the same. This type of criminal can be considered as an acquired criminal, since if the addiction did not occur, the addict would most likely not be engaged in the criminal behaviour since his criminal personality might not be formed in that manner. An issue of an addict\u27s criminal liability, his subjective guilt, is layered and complex. The meaning of addiction as a criminogenic factor will also depend on the personality of an addict himself. Since drug addiction undeniably alters personal traits, a criminalistic analysis should take into an account also other potential criminogenic factors, such as the life situation of a person prior to the drug abuse
Drug addiction as a criminogenic factor
Zlouporaba droge, odstupanje od legalnih i moralnih normi, dovodi do nezakonitog, nerijetko kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja. Ovisnost, kao potencijalni uzrok kriminalnom ponaÅ”anju, prva je karika u kauzalnom lancu ostvarenja raznih oblika delinkvencije. TakoÄer treba imati u vidu dva prisutna stanja, poÄinjenje odreÄenog kaznenog djela pod utjecajem droge, nabavljanje te konzumaciju droge. Kriminogeni Äimbenik, koji Äe odrediti dimenziju samog kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja, sadržavat Äe subjektivnu životnu situaciju ovisnika, njegovu ovisnost kroz loÅ”e materijalno stanje, skupoÄu droge i sve veÄu potrebu za njom. Taj oblik kriminala može se razumijevati kao steÄeni kriminal, jer da nije bilo ovisnosti kao važnog kriminogenog Äimbenika, njegovih utjecaja na psihu, ovisnik vrlo vjerojatno ne bi uÅ”ao u zonu kriminala, odnosno ne bi se moglo govoriti o formiranju njegove kriminalne osobnosti i delinkventnog ponaÅ”anja. Pitanje kaznene odgovornosti, zapravo njegove subjektivne krivnje, kompleksno je. Koliki je znaÄaj ovisnosti kao kriminogenog Äimbenika, ovisit Äe isto tako i o samoj osobnosti ovisnika. Stvaranjem ovisnosti karakterne crte osobnosti se mijenjaju, zato kod kriminoloÅ”ke analize valja uzeti u obzir i ostale možebitne kriminogene Äimbenike, ali i životnu situaciju osobe prije nego Å”to je uÅ”la u zonu zlouporabe droga.Drug abuse as a form of deviation from legal and moral norm usually leads to illegal, criminal behavior. Drug addiction presents just one piece of a puzzle which might lead to an realization of various criminal acts. Two modalities has to be taken into consideration, on one hand, a perpetration of different criminal offenses under the influence of drugs and on the other hand an acquisition and drug consummation. Criminogenic factor which shall determine a dimension of criminal behavior comprises of addictās subjective circumstances such as his addiction such as poor material condition, high price of drugs and increasing desire for the same. This type of criminal can be considered as an acquired criminal, since if the addiction did not occur, the addict would most likely not be engaged in the criminal behavior since his criminal personality might not be formed in that manner. An issue of an addictās criminal liability, his subjective guilt, is layered and complex. The meaning of an addiction as a criminogenic factor will also depend on the personality of an addict himself. Since drug addiction undeniably alters personal traits, criminalistic analysis should take into an account also other potential criminogenic factors, such as the life situation of a person prior to the drug abuse
Drug Addiction as Criminogenic Factor
Äinjenica zlouporabe droge, odstupanja od legalnih i moralnih normi, dovodi do nezakonitog, nerijetko kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja.
PromatrajuÄi ovisnost kao potencijalni uzrok kriminalnom ponaÅ”anju, prva je karika u kauzalnom lancu ostvarenja raznih oblika delinkvencije. TakoÄer treba imati u vidu dva prisutna stanja, poÄinjenje odreÄenog kaznenog djela pod utjecajem droge, nabavljanje te konzumaciju droge. Kriminogeni Äimbenik, koji Äe odrediti dimenziju samog kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja, sadržavat Äe subjektivnu životnu situaciju ovisnika, njegovu ovisnost kroz loÅ”e materijalno stanje, skupoÄu droge i sve veÄu potrebu za njom. Taj oblik kriminala može se razumijevati kao steÄeni kriminal, jer da nije bilo ovisnosti kao važnog kriminogenog Äimbenika, njegovih psihiÄkih svojstava, ovisnik vrlo vjerojatno ne bi uÅ”ao u zonu kriminala, odnosno ne bi se moglo govoriti o formiranju njegove kriminalne osobnosti i delinkventnog ponaÅ”anja. Pitanje kaznene odgovornosti, zapravo njegove subjektivne krivnje, kompleksno je. Koliki je znaÄaj ovisnosti kao kriminogenog Äimbenika, ovisit Äe isto tako i od same osobnosti ovisnika. Stvaranjem ovisnosti karakterne crte osobnosti mijenjaju se, zato treba uzeti u obzir kod kriminoloÅ”ke analize i ostale možebitne kriminogene Äimbenike, ali i životnu situaciju osobe prije nego Å”to je uÅ”la u zonu zlouporabe droga.Drug abuse as a form of deviation from legal and moral norm usually leads to illegal, criminal behaviour.
Drug addiction presents just one piece of a puzzle which might lead to a realisation of various criminal acts. Two modalities have to be taken into consideration, on the one hand, perpetration of different criminal offences under the influence of drugs and on the other hand, an acquisition and drug consummation. A criminogenic factor which shall determine a dimension of criminal behaviour comprises of addict\u27s subjective circumstances such as his addiction such as poor material condition, the high price of drugs and increasing desire for the same. This type of criminal can be considered as an acquired criminal, since if the addiction did not occur, the addict would most likely not be engaged in the criminal behaviour since his criminal personality might not be formed in that manner. An issue of an addict\u27s criminal liability, his subjective guilt, is layered and complex. The meaning of addiction as a criminogenic factor will also depend on the personality of an addict himself. Since drug addiction undeniably alters personal traits, a criminalistic analysis should take into an account also other potential criminogenic factors, such as the life situation of a person prior to the drug abuse
CRIMINOGENIC FACTOR OF DRUG ADDICTION
U radu se elaborira znaÄaj kriminogenog Äimbenika u segmentu ovisnosti i zlouporabe droga. Kriminogeni Äimbenik, koji Äe odrediti dimenziju samog kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja, sadržavati Äe subjektivnu životnu situaciju ovisnika, njegovu ovisnost i objektivnu kroz loÅ”e materijalno stanje, skupoÄu droge te sve veÄu potrebu za njom. PoÄinjenjem kaznenog djela od strane ovisnika, Äesto je prisutno pitanje njegove sposobnosti shvaÄanja i razumijevanja, kao i pravnog znaÄenja poÄinjenja djela. Pitanje ubrojivosti jedan je od uvjeta kaznene odgovornosti, zapravo njegove subjektivne krivnje. ZnaÄaj ovisnosti kao
kriminogenog Äimbenika, biti Äe determinirana i samom osobnoÅ”Äu ovisnika. Stvaranjem ovisnosti karakterne crte osobnosti mijenjaju, zato treba kod kriminoloÅ”ke analize uzeti i ostale moguÄe kriminogene Äimbenike, ali i životnu situaciju osobe prije nego Å”to je uÅ”la u zonu zlouporabe droga.This paper elaborates crime associated with drug addiction and importance of its abuse through criminogenic factor, which will determine the dimension of the criminal behavior itself and will contain the subjective life situation of the addict, its addiction, and the objective through the poor physical condition, the cost of the drug, and the growing need for it. In the perpetration of a criminal offense by an addict is an important factor of his ability to understand severity of legal meaning while committing a criminal act. The question of sanity is one of determining factors of criminal liability, meaning oneās culpability
CRIMINOGENIC FACTOR OF DRUG ADDICTION
U radu se elaborira znaÄaj kriminogenog Äimbenika u segmentu ovisnosti i zlouporabe droga. Kriminogeni Äimbenik, koji Äe odrediti dimenziju samog kriminalnog ponaÅ”anja, sadržavati Äe subjektivnu životnu situaciju ovisnika, njegovu ovisnost i objektivnu kroz loÅ”e materijalno stanje, skupoÄu droge te sve veÄu potrebu za njom. PoÄinjenjem kaznenog djela od strane ovisnika, Äesto je prisutno pitanje njegove sposobnosti shvaÄanja i razumijevanja, kao i pravnog znaÄenja poÄinjenja djela. Pitanje ubrojivosti jedan je od uvjeta kaznene odgovornosti, zapravo njegove subjektivne krivnje. ZnaÄaj ovisnosti kao
kriminogenog Äimbenika, biti Äe determinirana i samom osobnoÅ”Äu ovisnika. Stvaranjem ovisnosti karakterne crte osobnosti mijenjaju, zato treba kod kriminoloÅ”ke analize uzeti i ostale moguÄe kriminogene Äimbenike, ali i životnu situaciju osobe prije nego Å”to je uÅ”la u zonu zlouporabe droga.This paper elaborates crime associated with drug addiction and importance of its abuse through criminogenic factor, which will determine the dimension of the criminal behavior itself and will contain the subjective life situation of the addict, its addiction, and the objective through the poor physical condition, the cost of the drug, and the growing need for it. In the perpetration of a criminal offense by an addict is an important factor of his ability to understand severity of legal meaning while committing a criminal act. The question of sanity is one of determining factors of criminal liability, meaning oneās culpability
Fenomenologija etiketiziranja alkoholizma: internalizacija etikete u lijeÄenih alkoholiÄara u Hrvatskoj
This research paper originates from the phenomenological analysis of labelling alcoholism and its individual internalization. Using a qualitative method of focus groups, the meaning and experience of an al-coholic label in Croatia was researched. Using a model of the response to treatment, it can be discussed how the significance of the label is realized in different contextual links. In the model, the relationship between personal choice and an encouraging environment, personal choice and a conformist environment and a lack of personal choice with a negative prefix on the surrounding factors are discussed. The basic starting point of the research paper lies in the hypotheses of the existence of par excellance reality, the reality of everyday life and the forms that are tied to it. However, an individual situationally estimates the significance of those forms and characteristically self-internalizes them. Even though it has a phenomenological analysis in its roots, the research paper characterises the duality of structure and action regarding the label of alcoholism. The sup-posed reality of everyday life and its relationship with alcoholism are not enough for social functionality of the alcoholic label. Subjectification, that is, internalization of the label is needed in order to achieve purpose and meaning.Ovaj istraživaÄki rad potjeÄe iz fenomenoloÅ”ke analize etiketiranja alkoholizma i njegove individualne internalizacije. KoristeÄi kvalitativnu metodu fokus grupa, istraženo je znaÄenje i iskustvo etikete alkoholiÄara u Hrvatskoj. KoristeÄi model odgovora na lijeÄenje, može se raspravljati o tome kako se znaÄaj etikete ost-varuje u razliÄitim kontekstualnim poveznicama. U modelu se raspravlja o odnosu izmeÄu osobnog izbora i ohrabrujuÄeg okruženja, osobnog izbora i prilagodljivog okruženja i nedostatka osobnog izbora s negativnim prefiksom na okoliÅ”ne Äimbenike. Osnovna polazna toÄka ovog rada leži u hipotezama postojanja par excel-lance stvarnosti, stvarnosti svakodnevnog života i oblika stvarnosti koji su vezani uz njega. MeÄutim, poje-dinac situacijski procjenjuje znaÄaj tih obrazaca i karakteristiÄno ih internalizira. Iako ima fenomenoloÅ”ku analizu u svojem korijenu, ovaj rad karakterizira dualnost strukture i djelovanja u vezi s etiketom alkoholizma. Pretpostavljena realnost svakodnevnog života i njezin odnos s alkoholizmom nisu dovoljni za druÅ”tvenu funk-cionalnost etikete alkoholiÄara. Subjektivizacija, odnosno, internalizacija etikete potrebna je kako bi se posti-gla svrha i znaÄenje
Marijuana ā Abuse and Medical Use
Indijska konoplja (lat. Cannabis sativa L., podvrsta indijska) prati Äovjeka od pradavnih vremena pa sve do danas. Prepoznati uÄinci indijske konoplje kao psihoaktivnog sredstva (glavni sastojak THC delta-9-tetrahidrokanabinol) doveli su do razliÄitih oblika uporabe, ali i kao lijeka u medicinske svrhe. TehnoloÅ”ki napredak, brojna istraživanja, dovela su do otkriÄa velikog broja drugih sastojaka (CBD kanabidiol ā kanabinoidi) koje sadržava indijska konoplja, a nisu psihoaktivni, meÄutim naÅ”li su svoju primjenu u medicinskoj terapiji. Samom uporabom nužno se pojavila i zlouporaba. Marihuana je danas, iako samo kao jedan od produkata, postala u svakodnevnoj komunikaciji sinonim za indijsku konoplju. Na nelegalnim je tržiÅ”tima najraÅ”irenija droga, kako u ponudi tako i potražnji (produkti haÅ”iÅ”, ulje haÅ”iÅ”a, razne mjeÅ”avine i oblici produkata indijske konoplje nisu toliko rasprostranjeni kao marihuana). Proizvodnju, prenoÅ”enje ā krijumÄarenje, preprodaju i konzumaciju trebalo je staviti pod državni nadzor, odnosno u zakonske okvire, Å”to je i uÄinjeno, ali uz stalne promjene. To se nije moglo i ne može se regulirati samo u nacionalnim okvirima, veÄ prema konvencijama na Å”irokoj meÄunarodnoj sceni, uz uÄeÅ”Äe meÄunarodnih organizacija, poglavito UN-a. Ipak usklaÄenost nacionalnih zakonskih okvira s meÄunarodnima ostavlja prostor za danaÅ”nje trendove u smislu dekriminalizacije, depenalizacije i legalizacije, Å”to je isto tako dio kulturoloÅ”kih, bihevioralnih, socioloÅ”kih, ali i politiÄkih pristupa prema odreÄivanju uporabe i zlouporabe. Granicu izmeÄu nelegalne odnosno nezakonite primjene ponekad Äe biti teÅ”ko odrediti, ali svakako u tom smislu potreban je znanstveni i empirijski multidisciplinarni pristup, razumijevanje, ali i donoÅ”enje odgovarajuÄih odluka.This paper elaborates the importance of the use and abuse of Indian hemp (Cannabis sativa L., subspecies Indian). Its recognized effects as a psychoactive agent (the major constituent is THC delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) have led to different forms of use, which also include its use as a medicine for medical purposes. Technological advances and related research have led to the discovery of a large number of other ingredients (CBD cannabidiol ā cannabinoids) in Indian hemp which are not psychoactive, but have nevertheless found application in medical treatment. Marijuana today, though only as one product, has in daily communication become synonymous with Indian hemp. It is the most widely offered and sought after drug in illegal markets (hashish products, hashish oil, various blends and forms of Indian hemp products are not as widespread as marijuana). The boundary of use illegal will sometimes be difficult to determine, but certainly in this respect, a scientific and empirical multidisciplinary approach, understanding and decision-making are needed