49 research outputs found

    Economic impact of antidepressant treatment duration in naturalistic conditions

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    OBJECTIVE: To assess the economic impact of the duration of antidepressant drug treatment in a real-life setting. METHOD: A historical fixed cohort study included 27 917 patients aged 18 and over with a new antidepressant treatment registered in the national insurance database. The economic impact concerned healthcare expenditure in the first 3 months after treatment discontinuation. Generalized linear models were used to compare two groups of treatment duration: <6 months and 6 months and over. RESULTS: After adjustment for care costs before and during treatment episode, gender, age, chronic diseases, welfare and prescriber specialty, total healthcare costs (in log) [-0.06 (-0.14;0.01) P = 0.11] and psychiatric care costs (in square root) [-0.08 (-0.41;0.25) P = 0.6] were similar in both groups. Non-psychiatric care costs were significantly lower in the 'long treatment duration' group compared with the 'short treatment duration' group [-11.4 (-15.8; -7.0) P < 0.0001]. The decreases in total and non-psychiatric care costs over the antidepressant treatment episode were larger in the 'long treatment duration' group compared with the 'short treatment duration' group. CONCLUSION: With regard to healthcare costs and global health, antidepressant drug treatments of short duration appear less effective than treatment of recommended duration

    Évaluation des pratiques Ă©ducatives et des relations gĂ©mellaires : Adaptation d'un outil pour les mĂšres de jumeaux de 4 - 7 ans

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    International audienceLe lien gĂ©mellaire se construit in utero et dure toute la vie (Piontelli, 1999). Si cette relation s'Ă©labore essentiellement autour d'implications chaleureuses et conflictuelles (Smith, 2008), de nombreuses variables structurelles interfĂšrent dans la qualitĂ© de la relation gĂ©mellaire, notamment les pratiques Ă©ducatives parentales et plus spĂ©cifiquement celles mises en place par les mĂšres (Robin, Josse, Casati, Kheroua & Tourrette, 1993 ; Tourrette, Robin & Josse, 1988). De ce fait, l'objectif de cette communication est double : prĂ©senter l'outil que nous avons construit et adaptĂ© pour Ă©valuer les Pratiques Educatives et les Relations GĂ©mellaires (Lamarque, Troupel-Cremel, & Zaouche Gaudron, 2012) du point de vue de la mĂšre et prĂ©senter les premiers rĂ©sultats issus de cette recherche. Pour cette Ă©tude, 56 mĂšres de jumeaux participent. Les enfants sont ĂągĂ©s de 4 Ă  7 ans (M = 5.5 ; ET=1.57) et appartiennent Ă  des couples monozygotes (15), dizygotes (33) et Ă  des couples dont le type de gĂ©mellitĂ© est inconnu (8). Le questionnaire est composĂ© de 140 items et permet de mesurer quatre dimensions : les pratiques Ă©ducatives, la relation gĂ©mellaire, le degrĂ© de similaritĂ© des jumeaux et le degrĂ© de diffĂ©renciation maternelle. Les principaux rĂ©sultats mettent en exergue que 75 % des mĂšres se considĂšrent comme Ă©tant gĂ©mellisatrices versus 25 % dĂ©gĂ©mellisatrices. Pour autant, leurs scores trĂšs homogĂšnes amĂšnent Ă  considĂ©rer un continuum dans leurs pratiques Ă©ducatives. Cette Ă©tude met Ă©galement en Ă©vidence que l'individuation est une pratique Ă©ducative Ă  part entiĂšre. De plus, un lien est apparu entre les reprĂ©sentations des mĂšres concernant leurs pratiques Ă©ducatives et la qualitĂ© de la relation gĂ©mellaire. Cependant, ce rĂ©sultat ne s'observe que dans le cas des jumeaux dizygotes de mĂȘme sexe, oĂč des relations gĂ©mellaires sont perçues comme ayant un niveau de conflit plus Ă©levĂ©. Enfin, le type de gĂ©mellitĂ© n'influencerait pas la qualitĂ© de la relation gĂ©mellaire ni mĂȘme les pratiques Ă©ducatives des mĂšres ce qui amĂšne, Ă  ce jour, une perspective nouvelle quant Ă  l'Ă©tude de la gĂ©mellitĂ©

    Apprivoiser les pĂšres en protection de l'enfance

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    International audienceThis literature review has the purpose of understanding the different dimensions that can be present in the development of a collaborative relationship between fathers and practitioners in the context of child protection services. This review is based on scientific documents. Most of the selected documents present research results on relationships between fathers and practitioners. The analysis of these documents allowed to look at this topic from different angles: beliefs and prejudices that practitioners may have towards fathers, practitioners’ training and factors associated with their workplace. This analysis also reveals several obstacles in the development of a collaborative relationship between fathers and practitioners as well as some helping factors to build this kind of collaboration.Le prĂ©sent article propose les rĂ©sultats d’une recension d’écrits scientifiques dont l’objectif est de comprendre les diffĂ©rents facteurs qui interviennent dans le dĂ©veloppement d’une relation de collaboration entre les pĂšres et les professionnels dans le contexte de la protection de l’enfance. Les documents consultĂ©s prĂ©sentent des rĂ©sultats d’études scientifiques mesurant diffĂ©rents facteurs reliĂ©s Ă  l’interaction entre les pĂšres et les intervenants. L’analyse a permis de documenter le sujet sous diffĂ©rents angles : les croyances et prĂ©jugĂ©s des intervenants envers les pĂšres, la formation professionnelle des intervenants et les facteurs associĂ©s au milieu de travail des services psychosociaux. Cette analyse fait Ă©galement ressortir plusieurs obstacles Ă  l’établissement d’une bonne relation pĂšre-intervenant de mĂȘme que certaines dimensions qui favoriseraient une telle collaboration

    Expérience paternelle et problÚmes intériorisés de jeunes enfants en situation de précarité : le point de vue des pÚres

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    Cadre de la recherche : Dans un article prĂ©cĂ©dent (Kettani et Zaouche-Gaudron, 2012a), nous avons montrĂ© que les problĂšmes intĂ©riorisĂ©s tels qu’évaluĂ©s par les pĂšres sont plus importants chez les jeunes enfants en situation de prĂ©caritĂ© que chez les jeunes enfants de familles plus aisĂ©es. Objectifs : L’objectif est ici d’interroger la part de l’expĂ©rience paternelle dans l’explication du lien entre la prĂ©caritĂ© et les conduites intĂ©riorisĂ©es des jeunes enfants. MĂ©thodologie : L’échantillon est constituĂ© de 187 pĂšres d’enfants ĂągĂ©s de 2 Ă  6 ans, qui ont renseignĂ© une sĂ©rie de questionnaires Ă©valuant les conduites intĂ©riorisĂ©es de l’enfant, l’expĂ©rience paternelle (engagement paternel, stress paternel et sentiment de compĂ©tence paternelle) et la situation socio-Ă©conomique (revenu familial, conditions de logement, statut d’emploi du pĂšre et perception de l’aisance financiĂšre). RĂ©sultats : Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que les enfants qui vivent en contexte de prĂ©caritĂ© prĂ©sentent plus de problĂšmes intĂ©riorisĂ©s que les enfants de familles plus aisĂ©es. Les pĂšres quant Ă  eux s’engagent auprĂšs de leurs enfants autant que les pĂšres qui ne connaissent pas de difficultĂ©s socio-Ă©conomiques. En revanche, ils Ă©prouvent un niveau de stress plus Ă©levĂ© et un sentiment de compĂ©tence paternelle plus faible, qui expliqueraient une grande partie des problĂšmes intĂ©riorisĂ©s des enfants. Il apparaĂźt Ă©galement que la perception paternelle de la contrainte financiĂšre joue un rĂŽle plus important dans l’explication des problĂšmes intĂ©riorisĂ©s des enfants que des mesures plus objectives de prĂ©caritĂ©. Conclusion : La perception paternelle de la situation socio-Ă©conomique ainsi que le vĂ©cu de la paternitĂ© Ă©valuĂ© Ă  travers le sentiment de compĂ©tence et le stress paternel expliquent mieux les problĂšmes intĂ©riorisĂ©s des enfants que la situation de prĂ©caritĂ© en elle-mĂȘme. Contribution : Dans le cadre de l’intervention, ces rĂ©sultats soulignent l’importance de prendre en considĂ©ration les dimensions subjectives de la prĂ©caritĂ© ainsi que les affects liĂ©s au rĂŽle paternel, pour favoriser l’épanouissement des pĂšres ainsi que l’ajustement socio-affectif des enfants de familles dĂ©favorisĂ©es.Research Framework: In a previous article (Kettani and Zaouche-Gaudron, 2012a), we detailed internalized problems as evaluated by fathers are more significant for young children living in precarious situations than for young children in better-off families. Objectives: The objective here is to examine the role of paternal experience in an explanation of the connection between precariousness and the internalized conduct of young children. Methodology: The sample included 187 fathers of children between the ages of 2 and 6 years old who filled out questionnaires evaluating the internalized conduct of their children, paternal experience (paternal commitment, paternal stress and feelings of paternal competency) and their socio-economic situation (family income, housing conditions, father’s employment status and perception of financial status) Results: The results showed that children living in a more precarious setting present more internalized problems than children who live in better off settings. There was no difference in paternal commitment for fathers in precarious settings versus those in better off situations. However, fathers in more precarious contexts had higher levels of stress and a lower feeling of paternal competency which largely explains the internalized problems of the children. The paternal perception of financial constraint played a significant role in explaining the internalized problems of children than did more objective measures of precariousness. Conclusions: The paternal perception of their socio-economic situation and their life experience, which were evaluated via the feeling of competency and paternal stress, best explained the internalized problems of children living in precarious settings. Contribution: These results highlight the importance of considering subjective aspects of precariousness as well as effects related to the paternal role to encourage the personal growth of fathers as well as the socio-affective adjustments of families in precarious situations

    Data from: Early sitting in ischemic stroke patients (SEVEL): a randomized controlled trial

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    Background: Extended immobility has been associated with medical complications during hospitalization. However no clear recommendations are available for mobilization of ischemic stroke patients. Objective: As early mobilization has been shown to be feasible and safe, we tested the hypothesis that early sitting could be beneficial to stroke patient outcome. Methods: This prospective multicenter study tested two sitting procedures at the acute phase of ischemic stroke, in a randomized controlled fashion (clinicaltrials.org registration number NCT01573299). Patients were eligible if they were above 18 years of age and showed no sign of massive infarction or any contra-indication for sitting. In the early-sitting group, patients were seated out of bed at the earliest possible time but no later than one calendar day after stroke onset, whereas the progressively-sitting group was first seated out of bed on the third calendar day after stroke onset. Primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients with a modified Rankin score [0–2] at 3 months post stroke. Secondary outcome measures were a.) prevalence of medical complications, b.) length of hospital stay, and c.) tolerance to the procedure. Results: One hundred sixty seven patients were included in the study, of which 29 were excluded after randomization. Data from 138 patients, 63 in the early-sitting group and 75 in the progressively-sitting group were analyzed. There was no difference regarding outcome of people with stroke, with a proportion of Rankin [0–2] score at 3 months of 76.2% and 77.3% of patients in the early- and progressive-sitting groups, respectively (p = 0.52). There was also no difference between groups for secondary outcome measures, and the procedure was well tolerated in both arms. Conclusion: Due to a slow enrollment, fewer patients than anticipated were available for analysis. As a result, we can only detect beneficial/detrimental effects of +/- 15% of the early sitting procedure on stroke outcome with a realized 37% power. However, enrollment was sufficient to rule out effect sizes greater than 25% with 80% power, indicating that early sitting is unlikely to have an extreme effect in either direction on stroke outcome. Additionally, we were not able to provide a blinded assessment of the primary outcome. Taking these limitations into account, our results may help guide the development of more effective acute stroke rehabilitation strategies, and the design of future acute stroke trials involving out of bed activities and other mobilization regimens

    Utilisation du traitement d’image pour la validation du systĂšme CowView de mesure de l’activitĂ© de vaches laitiĂšres en bĂątiment par gĂ©olocalisation en temps rĂ©el (RTLS)

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    Dans le cadre du projet europĂ©en sur l’élevage de prĂ©cision EU - PLF, l’unitĂ© expĂ©rimentale Herbip ĂŽ le s’est Ă©quipĂ©e du dispositif CowView (GEA) permettant de suivre en temps rĂ©el la position (X, Y) et l’activitĂ© de 168 vaches laitiĂšres dans son Ă©table de Marcenat (15) . Chaque vach e porte un tag actif (6 GHz) localisĂ© dans le plan 2 fois par seconde et Ă  30 cm prĂȘt par un rĂ©seau de 16 antenne s fixĂ©es au plafond (technologie RTLS). Le temps passĂ© par chacune dans diffĂ©rentes activitĂ©s peut ensuite ĂȘtre calculĂ©, par ex emple l’activitĂ© « repos » si la vache est localisĂ© e dans la logette , « alimentation » si elle est localisĂ© e au cornadis .. . Une dĂ©tection prĂ©coce de modification s anormales d e l ’activitĂ© d’un individu doit permettre de dĂ©clencher des alarmes pour l’éleveur et l’aider dans sa gestion du troupeau. Ce systĂšme Ă©tant trĂšs peu dĂ©ployĂ© de par le monde (8 fermes Ă©quipĂ©es) nous avons souhaitĂ© le valider puis chercher Ă  l’exploiter pour des besoins de recherches notamment en comportement animal. Durant l’hiver 2015 - 16, nous avons e nregistrĂ© les donnĂ©es CowView (1.2Go/j) pour 190 vaches, 24h/24 pendant 123 jours. Pour visualiser et fouiller cet important jeu de donnĂ©es, n ous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© un algorithme sous imageJ permettant de convertir l es donnĂ©es de gĂ©olocalisation en une image de densitĂ© d’occupation , un pixel de l’image reprĂ©sentant le temps cumulĂ© passĂ© par un ou des individus en ce point. Nous avons montrĂ© que l’a nalyse de cette image permet tait de valide r les activitĂ©s des vaches dĂ©jĂ  fourni es par le systĂšme mais pouvait Ă©ga lement rĂ©vĂ©ler de nouvelles activitĂ©s telles que le temps pass Ă© Ă  se brosser ou encore Ă  lĂ©cher la pierre Ă  sel . Une validation a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e par compar aison Ă  un enregistrement vidĂ©o . Elle a montr Ă© que notre dĂ©marche Ă©tait prometteuse et pourrait permett re d’enrichir nos connaissances sur les comportements des animaux en bĂątiment
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