9,831 research outputs found

    Geometric mutual information at classical critical points

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    A practical use of the entanglement entropy in a 1d quantum system is to identify the conformal field theory describing its critical behavior. It is exactly (c/3)ln⁡ℓ(c/3)\ln \ell for an interval of length ℓ\ell in an infinite system, where cc is the central charge of the conformal field theory. Here we define the geometric mutual information, an analogous quantity for classical critical points. We compute this for 2d conformal field theories in an arbitrary geometry, and show in particular that for a rectangle cut into two rectangles, it is proportional to cc. This makes it possible to extract cc in classical simulations, which we demonstrate for the critical Ising and 3-state Potts models.Comment: 5 pages. v3: published versio

    Advanced Coordinated Beamforming for the Downlink of Future LTE Cellular Networks

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    Modern cellular networks in traditional frequency bands are notoriously interference-limited especially in urban areas, where base stations are deployed in close proximity to one another. The latest releases of Long Term Evolution (LTE) incorporate features for coordinating downlink transmissions as an efficient means of managing interference. Recent field trial results and theoretical studies of the performance of joint transmission (JT) coordinated multi-point (CoMP) schemes revealed, however, that their gains are not as high as initially expected, despite the large coordination overhead. These schemes are known to be very sensitive to defects in synchronization or information exchange between coordinating bases stations as well as uncoordinated interference. In this article, we review recent advanced coordinated beamforming (CB) schemes as alternatives, requiring less overhead than JT CoMP while achieving good performance in realistic conditions. By stipulating that, in certain LTE scenarios of increasing interest, uncoordinated interference constitutes a major factor in the performance of CoMP techniques at large, we hereby assess the resilience of the state-of-the-art CB to uncoordinated interference. We also describe how these techniques can leverage the latest specifications of current cellular networks, and how they may perform when we consider standardized feedback and coordination. This allows us to identify some key roadblocks and research directions to address as LTE evolves towards the future of mobile communications.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted to IEEE Communications Magazin

    Guayaquil (1900-1940): agro-exportation et structuration de l'espace urbain

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    L'analyse des dynamiques urbaines de Guayaquil de 1900 Ă  1940 permet de mettre en valeur quatre structures Ă©lĂ©mentaires pour composer un modĂšle spĂ©cifique des structures spatiales du port principal de l'Équateur

    Propositions méthodologiques pour l'étude des feux agro-sylvo-pastoraux en montagne pyrénéenne. Evaluation qualitative et quantitative des résidus d'incendies à partir des analyses pédo-anthracologiques

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    International audienceNous proposons dans cet article une rĂ©flexion mĂ©thodologique autour de la reprĂ©sentativitĂ© qualitative et quantitative des charbons dans les sols provenant de pratiques pastorales et agricoles du feu dans les PyrĂ©nĂ©es. Nous exposons ici une mĂ©thode d’étude des charbons provenant des feux actuels et rĂ©cents dans le but d’établir un rĂ©fĂ©rentiel permettant de clarifier la lecture des diagrammes anthracologiques. Aucun rĂ©sultat n’est prĂ©sentĂ© ici car les analyses sont en cours, mais notre dĂ©marche vise Ă  montrer l’importance de la connaissance des pratiques de feux pour mieux comprendre la reprĂ©sentation de leurs vestiges carbonĂ©s. Il est essentiel de partir de ce que l’on peut vĂ©rifier aujourd’hui afin d’interprĂ©ter les donnĂ©es palĂ©o-environnementales. Chaque site d’étude, la forĂȘt d’Antenac (Luchon, Haute-Garonne) et le Pays de Sault (Aude, AriĂšge), ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©lectionnĂ©s en fonction des frĂ©quences de feux connues pour le premier, et des travaux Ă©co-historiques fournissant des cartes dĂ©taillĂ©es sur les formations forestiĂšres, les landes et les dĂ©frichements depuis la RĂ©formation de 1669 jusqu’à l’actuel, pour le second. Chaque site a Ă©tĂ© traitĂ© selon un protocole expĂ©rimental spĂ©cifique prĂ©sentĂ© dans cet article
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