Dyadic Sets, Maximal Functions and Applications on ax+bax+b --Groups

Let $S$ be the Lie group $\mathrm{R}^n\ltimes \mathrm{R}^+$ endowed with the left-invariant Riemannian symmetric space structure and the right Haar measure $\rho$, which is a Lie group of exponential growth. Hebisch and Steger in [Math. Z. 245(2003), 37--61] proved that any integrable function on $(S,\rho)$ admits a Calder\'on--Zygmund decomposition which involves a particular family of sets, called Calder\'on--Zygmund sets. In this paper, we first show the existence of a dyadic grid in the group $S$, which has {nice} properties similar to the classical Euclidean dyadic cubes. Using the properties of the dyadic grid we shall prove a Fefferman--Stein type inequality, involving the dyadic maximal Hardy--Littlewood function and the dyadic sharp dyadic function. As a consequence, we obtain a complex interpolation theorem involving the Hardy space $H^1$ and the $BMO$ space introduced in [Collect. Math. 60(2009), 277--295].Comment: Math. Z. (to appear

Frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 4G LTE applications

A compact printed multi-band frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 4G LTE applications is presented in this paper (50 x 60 x 1.6 mm3). The antenna consists of W-shaped and Inverted-U shaped patch lines connected in a Tree-shape on the front side of the antenna. The back-side of the antenna contains a 90°-tilted T-shaped strip connected with an Inverted-L shaped strip which is shorted with a patch on the front side for increasing the electrical length to cover lower frequency bands. Frequency reconfigurability is achieved by inserting three switches i.e., PIN diodes. The most critical part of this work is the designing of RLC-based DC line circuits for providing the DC biasing to the PIN diodes used as switches and inserting them at optimum locations. This antenna is reconfigurable among eight different 4G LTE frequency bands including 0.9 GHz, 1.4 GHz, 1.5 GHz, 1.6 GHz, 1.7 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.6 GHz, 3.5 GHz and WLAN band 2.5 GHz. The antenna exhibits different radiation patterns having a different direction of peak gain at different frequencies and for different switching combinations. The antenna is simulated with CST, and a prototype is fabricated to compare the measured and simulated results with good accuracy

The Role of Spatial-Visual Skills in a Project-Based Engineering Design Course

Although spatial-visual skills have been found to be a strong predictor of success in and aptitude for engineering practice and related technical fields, comparatively little research has been conducted on its function in engineering coursework, particularly engineering design. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of spatial-visual skills in a core undergraduate mechanical engineering design course requiring each student to design and build a robot to accomplish a complex task in a competition. The researchers hypothesized that students with higher spatial abilities would produce more complex designs (although complexity is not necessarily desirable); as spatial abilities are associated with understanding how physical objects can be assembled, students with high spatial ability may be better able to understand and design intricate integrated systems. The Purdue Spatial Visualization test was administered to 137 students (79 male, 58 female) at the start of the course, and these results were analyzed with self- assessments of each student’s experience in tasks associated with spatial skills (such as creating origami models, sketching, and creating CAD models), the complexity of their produced robot, and their robots’ performance in the culminating class competition.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Award 0830134

Learning Structured Text Representations

In this paper, we focus on learning structure-aware document representations from data without recourse to a discourse parser or additional annotations. Drawing inspiration from recent efforts to empower neural networks with a structural bias, we propose a model that can encode a document while automatically inducing rich structural dependencies. Specifically, we embed a differentiable non-projective parsing algorithm into a neural model and use attention mechanisms to incorporate the structural biases. Experimental evaluation across different tasks and datasets shows that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art results on document modeling tasks while inducing intermediate structures which are both interpretable and meaningful.Comment: change to one-based indexing, published in Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL), https://transacl.org/ojs/index.php/tacl/article/view/1185/28

QTL analysis of high thermotolerance with superior and downgraded parental yeast strains reveals new minor QTLs and converges on novel causative alleles involved in RNA processing

Revealing QTLs with a minor effect in complex traits remains difficult. Initial strategies had limited success because of interference by major QTLs and epistasis. New strategies focused on eliminating major QTLs in subsequent mapping experiments. Since genetic analysis of superior segregants from natural diploid strains usually also reveals QTLs linked to the inferior parent, we have extended this strategy for minor QTL identification by eliminating QTLs in both parent strains and repeating the QTL mapping with pooled-segregant whole-genome sequence analysis. We first mapped multiple QTLs responsible for high thermotolerance in a natural yeast strain, MUCL28177, compared to the laboratory strain, BY4742. Using single and bulk reciprocal hemizygosity analysis we identified MKT1 and PRP42 as causative genes in QTLs linked to the superior and inferior parent, respectively. We subsequently downgraded both parents by replacing their superior allele with the inferior allele of the other parent. QTL mapping using pooled-segregant whole-genome sequence analysis with the segregants from the cross of the downgraded parents, revealed several new QTLs. We validated the two most-strongly linked new QTLs by identifying NCS2 and SMD2 as causative genes linked to the superior downgraded parent and we found an allele-specific epistatic interaction between PRP42 and SMD2. Interestingly, the related function of PRP42 and SMD2 suggests an important role for RNA processing in high thermotolerance and underscores the relevance of analyzing minor QTLs. Our results show that identification of minor QTLs involved in complex traits can be successfully accomplished by crossing parent strains that have both been downgraded for a single QTL. This novel approach has the advantage of maintaining all relevant genetic diversity as well as enough phenotypic difference between the parent strains for the trait-of-interest and thus maximizes the chances of successfully identifying additional minor QTLs that are relevant for the phenotypic difference between the original parents

Troponin T3 regulates nuclear localization of the calcium channel Cavβ1a subunit in skeletal muscle

The voltage-gated calcium channel (Cav) β1a subunit (Cavβ1a) plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling (ECC), a process in the myoplasm that leads to muscle-force generation. Recently, we discovered that the Cavβ1a subunit travels to the nucleus of skeletal muscle cells where it helps to regulate gene transcription. To determine how it travels to the nucleus, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening of the mouse fast skeletal muscle cDNA library and identified an interaction with troponin T3 (TnT3), which we subsequently confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization assays in mouse skeletal muscle in vivo and in cultured C2C12 muscle cells. Interacting domains were mapped to the leucine zipper domain in TnT3 COOH-terminus (160-244 aa) and Cavβ1a NH2-terminus (1-99 aa), respectively. The double fluorescence assay in C2C12 cells co-expressing TnT3/DsRed and Cavβ1a/YFP shows that TnT3 facilitates Cavβ1a nuclear recruitment, suggesting that the two proteins play a heretofore unknown role during early muscle differentiation in addition to their classical role in ECC regulation.Fil: Zhang, Tan. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Taylor, Jackson. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Jiang, Yang. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Pereyra, Andrea Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Messi, Maria Laura. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Zhong Min. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Hereñú, Claudia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Delbono, Osvaldo. Wake Forest School of Medicine; Estados Unido