Rorschach Active - Passive Superscripts

Because students often have trouble in deciding whether movement should be coded as active or passive, this study was designed to provide ratings for 208 words not previously rated by participants in Exner\u27s (1978) reliability study. Twenty-four participants in a Rorschach Expert Group and 44 in a Lay Group coded the 208 words. Differences in interrater agreements within and between this study and Exner\u27s (1978) study are discussed and suggestions for more accurate coding of the active-passive superscripts are presented

Rorschach Protocols from Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Rorschach protocols from 35 children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 35 with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) were compared. Both groups revealed significant differences from the normative tables on the same 12 variables: SCZI, DEPI, CDI, X+%, EgoC, Afr, T, EA, P, WSumC, RawSumSS, and WgtSumSS. However, as predicted, 4 of those variables, the Schizophrenic Index (SCZI) and 3 of the criterion tests that comprise it (X+%, RawSumSS, and WgtSumSS) were significantly different between the PTSD and ODD groups, with the PTSD group responding with more extreme scores. These findings contradict Exner\u27s (1993) statement that only people with schizophrenia can be defined or conceptualized as having both the problems of disordered thinking and inaccurate perception (p. 356). Children and adolescents with PTSD also display these problems when trauma interrupts the child\u27s naive belief that the world has predictable rules, the people in it are trustworthy and fair, and punishment and pain are consequences of bad behavior. When young victims cannot comprehend or make sense of what has happened to them, life becomes irrational, illogical, and confusing. Exner\u27s SCZI does what it was designed to do: identify individuals with disordered thinking and inaccurate perception. Therefore, SCZI should be renamed the Perception and Thinking Index (PATI) to reflect its function rather than a diagnostic category

Rorschach Protocols of Children and Adolescents with Severe Burns: A Follow-Up Study

Twenty children and adolescents with severe burns who participated in a Rorschach study in 1992 were reexamined in 1995. The Rorschach variables that were most deviant from normative table values were the same (X + %; EgoC; Afr; T; EA; P; WSumC; SCZI; DEPI; CDI; and Fr,rF) that had been found in 1 or more other studies examining Rorschach variables with individuals of all ages who had been traumatized by different events. Although group mean codes were similar across Rorschach administrations, a Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient of -.776 indicated that the group as a whole produced more pathological responses in 1995 than they did in 1992, with individual protocol pairs revealing changes between constrictive to flooded or flooded to constrictive records

Attitudes Toward Children With Severe Burns

Reasons for negative attitudes toward children with severe burns were examined by surveying 226 counseling and rehabilitation students who rated 35 statements on a Likert-type scale. Four categories of statements were judged as \u27\u27true\u27\u27 reasons for negative attitudes: Societal Standards of Beauty, Emotional Reaction of the Observer, Reminders of Personal Vulnerability, and Assumption of Social Contamination by Association. Three other categories rated as \u27\u27untrue\u27\u27 reasons were Expectations of Problems in School and Sports, Predictions of Poor Interpersonal Relationships, and Pubic Rejection of the Stigmatized Child. Anticipated countertransference, personal vulnerability, and culturally condoned stereotyping may be responsible for particular biases and should be addressed in counselor training

Journal of Personality Assessment: 60 Years

Changes and trends in personality assessment documented through examination of the first issues of the Journal of Personality Assessment (JPA) for the years 1937 to 1997 revealed the following: (a) compared to the Journal of Personality and Psychological Review, JPA published more women first authors and coauthors in every issue except in 1987; (b,) of the total 8,524 individuals whose assessment protocols comprised data sets in the 7 issues, 1,615 (19%) were patients and 4,839 (57%) were undergraduate college students; (c) combining patients and nonpatients, the average age of children under 13 was 12.24 years, the average age of high school students was 15.28 years, and the average age of adults was 24.20 years; (d) only 6% of the participants were identified as African American, Mexican American, Asian Americans, or other; and (e) in the 74 articles examined, 98 different tests, techniques, or tasks to assess personality were discussed. We suggest that future research should include a more diverse group of participants that includes more older people and more people of color

Rorschach Responding in Children and Adolescents Who Have Been Severely Burned

Psychological consequences of surviving thermal injury in children and adolescents were examined through their Rorschach responding. Participants were 98 reconstructive patients aged 6 through 21 from Shriner\u27s Burns Institute in Galveston, Texas Percentages of patients with positive clinical indices were: 49%, Coping Deficit Index.; 26%, Depression Index; and 23%, Schizophrenic Index, These results were interpreted as learned helplessness, depressive feelings, and inner struggle to master trauma. Other findings indicate poor perceptual accuracy (X+ %) disturbed interpersonal relationships (T), low self-esteem (3r+2/R), and increased anxiety (m). When the group was divided by high and low lambda, age, and time in years from burn, significant differences were revealed. There were no significant differences between groups when the sample was divided by facial scarring, gender, or severity of burn. This sample of young patients gave Rorschach responses that were similar to those given by other groups of traumatized youngsters