41 research outputs found
Robotic excision of a difficult retrorectal cyst Ăą a video vignette
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153653/1/codi14862_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153653/2/codi14862.pd
Preclinical evaluation of the versius surgical system, a new robot-assisted surgical device for use in minimal access general and colorectal procedures.
Funder: CMR SurgicalOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of a new robot-assisted surgical system (the Versius Surgical System, CMR Surgical, Cambridge, UK) for use in minimal access general and colorectal surgery, in a preclinical setting. Robot-assisted laparoscopy has been developed to overcome some of the important limitations of conventional laparoscopy. The new system is designed to assist surgeons in performing minimal access surgery and overcome some of the challenges associated with currently available surgical robots. METHODS: Cadaveric sessions were conducted to evaluate the ability of the system to provide adequate surgical access and reach required to complete a range of general and colorectal procedures. Port and bedside unit positions were recorded, and surgical access and reach were evaluated by the lead surgeon using a visual analogue scale. A live animal (porcine) model was used to assess the surgical device's safety in performing cholecystectomy or small bowel enterotomy. RESULTS: Nine types of procedure were performed in cadavers by nine lead surgeons; 35/38 procedures were completed successfully. The positioning of ports and bedside units reflected the lead surgeons' preferred laparoscopic set-up and enabled good surgical access and reach. Cholecystectomy (nâ=â6) and small bowel enterotomy (nâ=â5) procedures performed in pigs were all completed successfully by two surgeons. There were no device-related intra-operative complications. CONCLUSIONS: This preclinical study of a new robot-assisted surgical system for minimal access general and colorectal surgery demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the system in cadaver and porcine models. Further studies are required to assess its clinical utility
Biological Denitrification of High Nitrate Processing Wastewaters from Explosives Production Plant
Wastewater samples originating from an explosives production plant (3,000 mg N lâ1 nitrate, 4.8 mg lâ1 nitroglycerin, 1.9 mg lâ1 nitroglycol and 1,200 mg lâ1 chemical oxygen demand) were subjected to biological purification. An attempt to completely remove nitrate and to decrease the chemical oxygen demand was carried out under anaerobic conditions. A soil isolated microbial consortium capable of biodegrading various organic compounds and reduce nitrate to atmospheric nitrogen under anaerobic conditions was used. Complete removal of nitrates with simultaneous elimination of nitroglycerin and ethylene glycol dinitrate (nitroglycol) was achieved as a result of the conducted research. Specific nitrate reduction rate was estimated at 12.3 mg N gâ1 VSS hâ1. Toxicity of wastewater samples during the denitrification process was studied by measuring the activity of dehydrogenases in the activated sludge. Mutagenicity was determined by employing the Ames test. The maximum mutagenic activity did not exceed 0.5. The obtained results suggest that the studied wastewater samples did not exhibit mutagenic properties
Screening of Microorganisms for Biodegradation of Simazine Pollution (Obsolete Pesticide Azotop 50 WP)
The capability of environmental microorganisms to biodegrade simazineâan active substance of 2-chloro-s-triazine herbicides (pesticide waste since 2007)âwas assessed. An enormous metabolic potential of microorganisms impels to explore the possibilities of using them as an alternative way for thermal and chemical methods of utilization. First, the biotope rich in microorganisms resistant to simazine was examined. Only the higher dose of simazine (100Â mg/l) had an actual influence on quantity of bacteria and environmental fungi incubated on substrate with simazine. Most simazine-resistant bacteria populated activated sludge and biohumus (vermicompost); the biggest strain of resistant fungi was found in floral soil and risosphere soil of maize. Compost and biohumus were the sources of microorganisms which biodegraded simazine, though either of them was the dominant considering the quantity of simazine-resistant microorganisms. In both cases of periodic culture (microorganisms from biohumus and compost), nearly 100% of simazine (50Â mg/l) was degraded (within 8Â days). After the repeated enrichment culture with simazine, the rate of its degradation highly accelerated, and just after 24Â h, the significant decrease of simazine (20% in compost and 80% in biohumus) was noted. Although a dozen attempts of isolating various strains responsible for biodegradation of simazine from compost and biohumus were performed, only the strain identified as Arthrobacter urefaciens (NC) was obtained, and it biodegraded simazine with almost 100% efficiency (within 4Â days)
Biological denitrification of brine: the effect of compatible solutes on enzyme activities and fatty acid degradation
Bioaugmentation with Petroleum-Degrading Consortia Has a Selective Growth-Promoting Impact on Crop Plants Germinated in Diesel Oil-Contaminated Soil
Feasibility assessment of outpatient colorectal resections at a tertiary referral center
PURPOSE: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, particularly when paired with advanced laparoscopy, have reduced recovery time following colorectal procedures. The aim of this study was to determine if length of stay (LOS) could be reduced to an overnight observation stay (\u3câ24 h) with comparable perioperative morbidity. The secondary aim was to establish predictive factors contributing to early discharge.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of all colectomies at a tertiary care center between January 2016 and January 2019. Inclusion criteria included all colorectal resections with varying surgical approaches. Patients underwent a standardized ERAS protocol. A logistical regression model was conducted for predictive factors.
RESULTS: Three hundred sixty patients were included (55.3% female). Of these, 78 (21.7%) patients were discharged within \u3câ24 h and 112 (31.1%) were discharged within 24-48 h. The remainder comprised the \u3eâ48 h group. Age differed significantly between the \u3câ24 h and 24-48 h groups (pâ\u3câ0.0001). Patients discharged within 24 h were younger (59.4â±â12.3 years), had a lower CCI score (3.1; pâ=â0.0026), and lower ASA class (pâ\u3câ0.0001). Emergency department visits (pâ=â0.3329) and readmissions (pâ=â0.6453) prior to POD 30 remained comparable among all groups. Younger age, low ASA, and minimally invasive surgical approach all contributed to ultra-fast discharge.
CONCLUSION: ERAS protocols may allow for discharge within 24 h following a major colorectal resection, all with low perioperative morbidity and mortality. The predictive factors for discharge within 24 h include a low ASA (I or II), and a minimally invasive surgical approach
Rectourethral fistula repair with endorectal advancement flap and implantation of biologic mesh
Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. Does frailty play a role?
INTRODUCTION: The 5-modified frailty index (mFI) is a valid predictor of 30-day mortality after surgery. With the wide implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in colorectal patients, the predictive power of frailty and its contribution to morbidity and length of stay (LOS) can be underestimated.
METHODS: We reviewed all colectomy patients undergoing ERAS protocol at a single, tertiary care institution from January 2016-January 2019. The 5-mFI score was calculated based on the presence of 5 comorbidities: Congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, functional status, and hypertension (HTN). Multivariate analysis was used to assess the impact of 5-mFI score on morbidity, emergency department (ED) visits, readmissions, and LOS.
RESULTS: 360 patients were evaluated including 163 elderly patients. Frailer patients had a higher rate of ED visits (P = .024), readmissions (P = .029), and LOS (P \u3c .001). Patients with CHF had a higher chance of prolonged LOS, whereas patients with HTN had a higher chance of ED. Elderly patients with an mFI score of 3 and 4 were likely to have longer LOS (P = .01, P = .07, respectively). Elderly patients with an mFI score of 4 were 15 times more likely to visit ED and 22 times more likely to be readmitted than patients with an mFI score of 0.
DISCUSSION: An increase in 5-mFI for elderly patients undergoing colorectal procedures increases ED visits or readmissions, and it correlates to a higher LOS, especially in elderly patients. This instrument should be used in the assessment of frail, elderly patients undergoing colorectal procedures