Insiders y outsiders: La calidad del empleo tras un periodo de desempleo

Unión Europea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional DER2015-63701-C3-1-

Propuesta de entorno computacional como apoyo a la enseñanza de las matemáticas

El cálculo diferencial e integral, es materia obligada en gran parte del currículo escolar y piedra angular en el desarrollo de la matemática. A pesar de ello en escuelas tanto a nivel medio como superior, los reportes de problemas en su enseñanza aprendizaje son frecuentes. Esta materia presenta un alto índice de reprobación, inclusive con alumnos que recursan. Este estudio muestra una fuerte tendencia, en la educación, a visualizar el cálculo como un patrón de fórmulas y procedimientos algebraicos, dejando fuera los aspectos conceptuales. En el mismo sentido Dreyfus (1990, 124), reporta que las investigaciones en Francia exhiben la tendencia de los estudiantes a los aspectos de procedimiento algorítmicos, dejando fuera los conceptuales

Un modelo para programas de desarrollo de competencias

En los últimos años estamos asistiendo, en el ámbito de los Recursos Humanos a la utilización cada vez más generalizada de las competencias aplicadas a los distintos sistemas de gestión de Recursos Humanos, desde la selección, pasando por la identificación del potencial, hasta la planificación y desarrollo de carreras. El contenido de este artículo, estructurado en tres bloques, pretende, sin ser exhaustivo, orientar sobre algunas cuestiones que son importantes a la hora de plantearse un programa efectivo de desarrollo profesional

La justicia terapéutica como un modelo protector de la dignidad humana. Hacia una implementación en el estado de Puebla

"Toda forma de organización social, a lo largo de la historia del hombre, se ha conformado a partir de la esperanza (y en la gran mayoría de casos, la lucha) de sus integrantes por obtener un ambiente de seguridad, justicia, respeto e igualdad, como bases de una convivencia armónica. Esta misma mecánica es la que nos ha conducido hasta el paradigma de los derechos humanos, traducido como una aspiración hacia un ambiente de respeto a la dignidad de la persona. De este modo, los acuerdos esgrimidos en el pacto social se orientan a la conducta de las personas, de los organismos estatales, y de la interacción entre estos dos últimos, buscando así legitimar el ejercicio del poder público a través de leyes justas. No obstante, dentro de un sistema social de tipo normativo, la ley debe ser una herramienta que garantice la sana convivencia entre los integrantes de la sociedad, y para que esta ley pueda considerarse justa, se requiere que dentro de la misma sean reconocidas normas de derechos humanos, no en un sentido estrictamente legalista, sino desde una perspectiva que amplifique el bienestar y la equidad, a partir de la inclusión de conceptos como persona, dignidad y libertad”

Propuesta de uso de sistemas expertos para optimizar la emisión de dictámenes en grafoscopía en los juicios civiles de Puebla

"El presente trabajo representa un esfuerzo científico para la modernización y mejora de la impartición de justicia civil en el Estado de Puebla, realizando una propuesta de utilización de sistemas expertos dotados de inteligencia artificial en el estudio sobre la autenticidad de firmas y manuscritos cuestionados. Esta investigación se centrará en la conjunción de dos temas que actualmente guardan estrecha relación con el ejercicio práctico del Derecho, con la diferencia de que el primero de ellos, los sistemas expertos dotados de inteligencia artificial, han tenido un incipiente desarrollo en México, pero su uso se hace cada vez más común alrededor del mundo en múltiples tareas propias de la práctica jurídica; mientras que el otro, la grafoscopía, es una disciplina que se ha beneficiado enormemente con el vertiginoso desarrollo tecnológico de finales del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI"

Modelo de simulación de la operación de un embalse en avenida y su integración al sistema FEWS

En este trabajo se presentan dos modelos de gestión de embalses en avenidas, el primero, basado en reglas de operación de los órganos de desagüe definidas por el usuario y, el segundo, correspondiente al método de gestión programada de embalses de Girón. Se incluye además un módulo que integra ambos métodos al sistema hidrometeorológico de alerta temprana FEWS

Which resources and capabilities underpin strategic key account management?

Key account management (KAM) supports the profitability and financial sustainability of firms in business-to-business markets. It also attracts considerable academic research. However, KAM research remains largely atheoretical and lacking in conceptual foundations. This paper argues for an organizational-level, resource-based view of KAM. Using a systematic approach, the authors review the KAM literature to identify the critical resources and capabilities that underpin strategic KAM. The analysis synthesizes and integrates previous research on KAM applying a resource-based lens to reveal that strategic KAM comprises complex portfolios of resources and capabilities that constitute a source of competitive advantage. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications of this unique view of KAM and identify directions for further research

Experimental and Theoretical Brownian Dynamics Analysis of Ion Transport During Cellular Electroporation of E. coli Bacteria

Escherichia coli bacterium is a rod-shaped organism composed of a complex double membrane structure. Knowledge of electric field driven ion transport through both membranes and the evolution of their induced permeabilization has important applications in biomedical engineering, delivery of genes and antibacterial agents. However, few studies have been conducted on Gram-negative bacteria in this regard considering the contribution of all ion types. To address this gap in knowledge, we have developed a deterministic and stochastic Brownian dynamics model to simulate in 3D space the motion of ions through pores formed in the plasma membranes of E. coli cells during electroporation. The diffusion coefficient, mobility, and translation time of Ca$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, Na$^+$, K$^+$, and Cl$^-$ ions within the pore region are estimated from the numerical model. Calculations of pore's conductance have been validated with experiments conducted at Gustave Roussy. From the simulations, it was found that the main driving force of ionic uptake during the pulse is the one due to the externally applied electric field. The results from this work provide a better understanding of ion transport during electroporation, aiding in the design of electrical pulses for maximizing ion throughput, primarily for application in cancer treatment.Comment: Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 202

Concept design and energy balance optimization of a hydrogen fuel cell helicopter for unmanned aerial vehicle and aerotaxi applications

[EN] In the new scenario where the transportation sector must be decarbonized to limit global warming, fuel cell-powered aerial vehicles have been selected as a strategic target application to compose part of the urban fleet to minimize road transport congestion and make goods and personal transportation fast and efficient. To address the necessity of clean and efficient urban air transport, this work consists of the conceptual development of a lightweight rotary-winged transport vehicle using a hydrogen-based fuel cell propulsion system and the optimization of its energy balance. For that purpose, the methods for integrating the coupled aerodynamic and propulsion system sizing and optimization was developed with the aim of designing concepts capable of carrying 0 (unmanned aerial vehicle - Design 1) and 1 (Aerotaxi - Design 2) passengers for a distance of 300 km at a cruise altitude of 500 m with a minimum climbing rate capability of 6 m s-1 at 1000 m. The results show how these designs with the desired performance specifications can be obtained with a vehicle mass ranging from 416 to 648 kg, depending on the application, and with specific range and endurance respectively within 46.2-47.8 km/kg and 20.4-21.3 min/kg for design 1 and 33.3-33.8 km/kg and 12.5-13.9 min/kg for design 2.This research has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and University through the University Faculty Training (FPU) program (FPU19/00550) and FEDER and the Generalitat Valenciana, Consellerfa d'Innovacio, Universitats, Ciencia i Societat Digital through project IDIFEDER/2021/039. Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Tiseira, A.; Novella Rosa, R.; García-Cuevas González, LM.; López-Juárez, M. (2023). Concept design and energy balance optimization of a hydrogen fuel cell helicopter for unmanned aerial vehicle and aerotaxi applications. Energy Conversion and Management. 288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.11710128

Penetrating cardiac trauma: Analysis of 240 cases from a hospital in Bogota, Colombia

Background: Trauma characteristics and its management is influenced by socioeconomic context. Cardiac trauma constitutes a challenge for surgeons, and outcomes depend on multiple factors including initial care, characteristics of the wounds, and surgical management. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional case series of patients with penetrating cardiac injuries (PCI) from January 1999 to October 2009 who underwent surgery in a trauma referral center in Bogotá, Colombia. Demographic variables, trauma characteristics, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The study included 240 cases: 96.2% males, mean age of 27.8 years. Overall mortality was 14.6%: 11.7% from stab wounds and 41.2% from gunshot wounds. Upon admission, 44% had a normal hemodynamic status and 67% had cardiac tamponade. About 32% had Grade II injuries and 29% Grade IV injuries. In 85% of the cases, there were ventricular compromise and 55% of patients had associated lesions. In 150 cases, a pericardial window was performed. Highest mortality occurred in wounds to the right atrium. In tamponade patients, mortality was 20% being higher for gunshot wounds (54.5%) than for stab wounds (18%) (p = 0.0120). Conclusions: The study evidenced predominance of stab wounds. Based on characteristics of the trauma, patients, and survival rate, there is most likely a high pre-hospitalization mortality rate. The difference in mortality due to stab wounds and those produced by gunshots was more related to technical difficulties of the surgical repair than with the type of injury established by the Injury Grading Scale. Mortality was higher in patients with cardiac tamponade. Surgical management was satisfactory using pericardial window as the diagnostic method and sternotomy as the surgical approach. © 2017 The Author(s).Background: Trauma characteristics and its management is influenced by socioeconomic context. Cardiac trauma constitutes a challenge for surgeons, and outcomes depend on multiple factors including initial care, characteristics of the wounds, and surgical management. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional case series of patients with penetrating cardiac injuries (PCI) from January 1999 to October 2009 who underwent surgery in a trauma referral center in Bogotá, Colombia. Demographic variables, trauma characteristics, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The study included 240 cases: 96.2% males, mean age of 27.8 years. Overall mortality was 14.6%: 11.7% from stab wounds and 41.2% from gunshot wounds. Upon admission, 44% had a normal hemodynamic status and 67% had cardiac tamponade. About 32% had Grade II injuries and 29% Grade IV injuries. In 85% of the cases, there were ventricular compromise and 55% of patients had associated lesions. In 150 cases, a pericardial window was performed. Highest mortality occurred in wounds to the right atrium. In tamponade patients, mortality was 20% being higher for gunshot wounds (54.5%) than for stab wounds (18%) (p = 0.0120). Conclusions: The study evidenced predominance of stab wounds. Based on characteristics of the trauma, patients, and survival rate, there is most likely a high pre-hospitalization mortality rate. The difference in mortality due to stab wounds and those produced by gunshots was more related to technical difficulties of the surgical repair than with the type of injury established by the Injury Grading Scale. Mortality was higher in patients with cardiac tamponade. Surgical management was satisfactory using pericardial window as the diagnostic method and sternotomy as the surgical approach. © 2017 The Author(s)