A new freshwater turtle (Reptilia, Pleurodira, Podocnemidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Minas Gerais, Brazil

França, Marco Aurélio Gallo de, Langer, Max Cardoso (2005): A new freshwater turtle (Reptilia, Pleurodira, Podocnemidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Geodiversitas 27 (3): 391-411, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.537252

Cambaremys França & Langer 2005, n. gen.

Genus Cambaremys n. gen. TYPE SPECIES. — Cambaremys langertoni n. gen., n. sp. by present designation. ETYMOLOGY. — In allusion to Cambará, the former name of the village of Peirópolis, Minas Gerais, near which the type locality is located (Fig. 1). DISTRIBUTION. — Latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of the Bauru Basin in the region known as “Triângulo Mineiro”, Minas Gerais, Brazil. DIAGNOSIS. — As for the type species, by monotypy.Published as part of França, Marco Aurélio Gallo de & Langer, Max Cardoso, 2005, A new freshwater turtle (Reptilia, Pleurodira, Podocnemidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Minas Gerais, Brazil, pp. 391-411 in Geodiversitas 27 (3) on pages 391-411, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.537252

Results of cladistic analysis, recovered 14000 most parsimonius tress with 255 steps.

<p>A, Strict Consensus Tree. B, Tree obtained by iterPCR protocol (a-m indicate the unstable taxa pruned from cladogram and their possible positions).</p

Location map.

<p>Sketch map of Rio Grande do Sul showing the outcrop area of the Santa Maria sequence (shaded) and approximate location of the type-locality (star) of <i>Clevosaurus brasiliensis</i> Bonaparte and Sues, 2006 [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137523#pone.0137523.ref011" target="_blank">11</a>].</p

<i>Clevosaurus brasiliensis</i> Bonaparte and Sues, 2006 [11] MCN-PV 2852, skull.

<p>Photographs (A-C) in dorsal (A), palatal (B), and lateral (C) views. Scale bar equals 5 mm.</p

<i>Clevosaurus brasiliensis</i> Bonaparte and Sues, 2006 [11] MCN-PV 2852, right dentary.

<p>Photographs (A and C) and schematic drawings (B and D), in lateral (A-B) and lingual (C-D) views. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Abbreviations: a, angular; d, dentary; mfo, mandibular foramen; mgr, Meckel’s groove; par, prearticular; sb, sencondary bone.</p

New Data on the <i>Clevosaurus</i> (Sphenodontia: Clevosauridae) from the Upper Triassic of Southern Brazil

<div><p>The sphenodontian fossil record in South America is well known from Mesozoic and Paleogene deposits of Argentinean Patagonia, mainly represented by opisthodontians, or taxa closely related to the modern <i>Sphenodon</i>. In contrast, the Brazilian fossil record is restricted to the Caturrita Formation, Late Triassic of Rio Grande do Sul, represented by several specimens of Clevosauridae, including <i>Clevosaurus brasiliensis</i> Bonaparte and Sues, 2006. Traditionally, Clevosauridae includes several Late Triassic to Early Jurassic taxa, such as <i>Polysphenodon</i>, <i>Brachyrhinodon</i>, and <i>Clevosaurus</i>, the latter well-represented by several species. The detailed description of the specimen MCN-PV 2852 allowed the first systematic revision of most <i>Clevosaurus</i> species. Within Clevosauridae, <i>Polysphenodon</i> is the most basal taxon, and an IterPCR analysis revealed <i>Brachrhynodon</i> as a possible <i>Clevosaurus</i>; <i>C</i>. <i>petilus</i>, <i>C</i>. <i>wangi</i>, and <i>C</i>. <i>mcgilli</i> as possibly distinct taxonomic entities; and the South African <i>Clevosaurus</i> sp. is not closely related to <i>C</i>. <i>brasiliensis</i>. These data indicate the need of a deep phylogenetic review of Clevosauridae, in order to discover synapomorphic characters among the diversity of these Triassic/Jurassic sphenodontians.</p></div