Psychologists Role in Brazilian Aviation - Present and Perspectives

This article describes a Group Discussion occurred on the I National Congress of the Brazilian Aviation Psychology Association (ABRAPAV), in 2016. Among 158 participants on the event, 146 took part of this Group Discussion: 75 psychologists; 6 Psychology students; 25 other aviation professionals; 40 professionals with unidentified formation. They chose one of the following subgroups to discuss about Aviation Psychology activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions: Regular Aviation; Nonregular/ General Aviation; Military Aviation; Regulator Authority/Aeronautical Industry; Clinics/Hospitals; Airclubs/ Aviation Schools/ Universities/Training Centers; Air Navigation/Airports. After the discussion, each subgroup representative presented the results of the main activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions, respectively, as examples: Aeronautical Accidents Prevention; Managers Recognition, Support and Confidence; Reactive Organizational Cultures, Changes Resistance and Inflexible Manager; Professional Specialization and Specific Standard for Aviation Psychology. This enabled ABRAPAV to map relevant demands in this area and plan strategies for psychologists to minimize constraints and support improvements in their organizations

Oral manifestations of sporotrichosis : a neglected disease

Sporotrichosis is an uncommon subacute or chronic infection caused by Sporothrix spp. In some urban areas of Latin America, sporotrichosis has been considered an emergent cosmopolitan disease of zoonotic transmission by domestic cats. There are four diff

Lidocaína como Adjuvante na Anestesia Peridural para Cesariana: Avaliação de eficácia e resultados

Objective: This study aims to analyze the efficacy, safety, and applicability of lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections, considering different protocols and their impacts on clinical parameters.  Introduction: Lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections plays a crucial role in obstetric pain management. This review encompasses its efficacy, safety, and impacts on various clinical aspects, aiming to enhance contemporary anesthetic practices. Methodology: The methodology involved a systematic integrative review of clinical studies investigating the use of lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections. The comprehensive analysis considered different administration protocols, dosages, and concentrations, evaluating efficacy, safety, and impacts on diverse clinical parameters. Results: The results consistently revealed the efficacy of lidocaine in epidural analgesia for cesarean sections, with positive impacts on pain relief. A relative safety was also observed, emphasizing the importance of individualizing administration protocols. Conclusion: In summary, lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections demonstrates remarkable efficacy in pain relief while maintaining a safety profile when administered prudently. Its applicability and versatility reinforce its relevant role in optimizing obstetric anesthetic practices.Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade da lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas, considerando diferentes protocolos e seus impactos em parâmetros clínicos. Introdução: A lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas desempenha um papel crucial na gestão da dor obstétrica. Esta revisão abrange sua eficácia, segurança e impactos em diferentes aspectos clínicos, visando aprimorar as práticas anestésicas contemporâneas. Metodologia: A metodologia envolveu a revisão integrativa sistemática de estudos clínicos que investigaram o uso da lidocaína como adjuvante em anestesia peridural para cesarianas. A análise abrangente considerou diferentes protocolos de administração, dosagens e concentrações, avaliando a eficácia, segurança e impactos em parâmetros clínicos diversos. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram consistentemente a eficácia da lidocaína na analgesia peridural para cesarianas, com impactos positivos no alívio da dor. Observou-se também uma relativa segurança, destacando a importância da individualização dos protocolos de administração. Conclusão: Em síntese, a lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas demonstra eficácia notável no alívio da dor, mantendo um perfil de segurança quando administrada com prudência. Sua aplicabilidade e versatilidade reforçam seu papel relevante na otimização das práticas anestésicas obstétricas

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Evaluation of Different Dentifrice Compositions for Increasing the Hardness of Demineralized Enamel: An in Vitro Study

This study aimed to evaluate microhardness of a dentifrice containing fluoride and arginine compared to a positive control (fluoride only) and a negative control (no fluoride) on sound and demineralized bovine enamel surfaces. Specimens were randomly assigned to different treatments that included daily pH cycling and brushing three times a day with one of the following dentifrices (n = 8): Neutraçucar (arginine and fluoride), Colgate Total 12 (fluoride) and My First Colgate (no fluoride). Enamel carious lesions were artificially created one week before the beginning of these treatments (demineralized bovine enamel (DE) groups). The same groups were also tested in sound enamel (sound bovine enamel (SE) groups). Microhardness was measured at baseline and after one, two, and five weeks of treatment using a Knoop indenter. Statistical analysis involved two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. After five weeks, both Total 12 and Neutraçucar had increased the microhardness of DE specimens (p < 0.05). Only Neutraçucar had increased the microhardness of the sound enamel after five weeks of treatment. Thus, it could be concluded that arginine-based dentifrices increase the microhardness of sound and demineralized bovine enamel surfaces

Influence of Ultrapulsed CO2 Laser, before Application of Different Types of Fluoride, on the Increase of Microhardness of Enamel In Vitro

Objective. To evaluate the influence of ultrapulsed CO2 laser in combination with commercial fluoride products in order to verify the increase of microhardness of artificial enamel caries lesions. Materials and Methods. Bovine enamel specimens were prepared, and artificial enamel caries lesions were created. Teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): treated with laser (L), laser + neutral fluoride gel 2% (LNF), laser + acidulated phosphate fluoride gel 1.23% (LAFG), laser + acidulated fluoride mousse 1.23% (LAFM), and laser + fluoride varnish 5% (LFV). Microhardness was evaluated at baseline, after caries induction, after CO2 laser irradiation + fluoride treatment in the 1st week, and after fluoride treatment at 3rd and 5th week. Results. There was a decrease in microhardness in all groups after artificial enamel caries lesion formation; no increase in microhardness was found in the first and third weeks in all groups (p > 0.05). In the fifth week, an increase in microhardness occurred in all groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Although CO2 laser irradiation in combination with different commercial fluoride products was capable of increasing microhardness on enamel caries lesions in bovine tooth enamel it is necessary to confirm these results by testing the isolated effect of fluoride on enamel surface microhardness. Also, although microhardness was higher in the fluoride varnish group than in the other groups in the fifth week it is not possible to discard the best effect of fluoride varnish treatment on absence of artifacts that may occur with the other fluoride treatments. Clinical Relevance. In order to prove that CO2 laser may contribute to an increase in microhardness when applied to enamel lesions in combination with different commercial fluoride products it is necessary to conduct additional studies. Also, higher microhardness of fluoride varnish group should be carefully considered