O crime organizado e as novas tecnologias : uma faca de dois gumes

O benefício que determinados Estados retiram das novas tecnologias é incalculável. Contudo, não são os únicos a tirar partido dessas vantagens. O crime organizado, e em especial o cibercrime, aproveita as vulnerabilidades dos sistemas de informação, em que as nossas sociedades estão baseadas, para lucro próprio. Apesar dos conhecimentos que já possuímos sobre este tipo de criminalidade, os nossos esforços não têm conseguido travar o número crescente de ataques cibernautas, nem evitar o aumento das perdas das empresas e dos particulares. Não devemos, no entanto, cair no erro pessimista de pensar que não existe nenhuma forma eficiente de combater o cibercrime. Existe todavia, muito trabalho por desenvolver. Desde a consciencialização da população, para os perigos inerentes à Internet, até à formação de recursos humanos mais qualificados, passando pela investigação e a cooperação entre sectores, há sem dúvida muito ainda por fazer. Adoptámos as novas tecnologias, resta-nos agora aceitar por completo as responsabilidades que elas acarretam

Transmission of signals using white LEDs for VLC applications

In this paper an integrated wavelength optical filter and photodetector for Visible Light Communication (VLC) is used. The proposed application uses indoor warm light lamps lighting using ultra-bright white LEDs pulsed at frequencies higher than the ones perceived by the human eye. The system was analyzed using two different types the white LEDs, namely, phosphor and trichromatic based LEDs. The signals were transmitted into free space and the generated photocurrent was measured by the pin-pin photodetector based on a-SiC:H/a-Si:H. This device operates in the visible spectrum, allowing thus the detection of the pulsed white light emitted by the LEDs. However, as it also works as a visible optical filter with controlled wavelength sensitivity through the use of adequate optical biasing light, it is able to detect different wavelengths. This feature allows the detection of the individual components of the tri-chromatic white LED, which enlarges the amount of information transmitted by this type of white LED, when compared to the phosphor based LED. A capacitive optoelectronic model supports the experimental results and the physical operation of the device. A numerical simulation is presented.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Programa de regionalização na Assistencia Neonatal: uma visao do serviço social na atenção a saude

O artigo contextualiza a trajetória de um programa de Neonatologia do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher, norteado por políticas públicas visando a humanização e qualidade dos serviços prestados, como também a ação do assistente social como agente educador e executor deste processo. Esse programa é viabilizado entre Serviços de Saúde que através de um sistema de Regionalização do atendimento Neonatal pela referência e contra-referência atuam integrados para realizar a transferência de recém-nascidos internados conforme necessidades e competências. Esta discussão poderá enfatizar o trabalho multiprofissional e a necessidade de um planejamento regional entre cidades e Serviços de Saúde para execução dessa proposta.The article contextualize the trajectory of Neonatology care programs the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher − CAISM in Campinas, Brazil and the treatment guided by public politics, aimed at humanizing and the quality of services provided, also the action the social worker as an educator and executor in this process. This program is viable between Health Services help with a system of regional division on attention to neonatal for reference and counter-reference working integrated to make possible transference of news born in a Hospital conform with necessities and competencies. This discussion should emphasize the multi-professional work and the necessity for regional planning between cities and Health Services for this proposal

Ultrasound diagnosis of microcephaly: a comparison of three reference curves and postnatal diagnosis

Purpose To evaluate which reference curve (RC)-Snijders, Intergrowth 21st (IG21) and World Health Organization (WHO)-is more accurate for microcephaly diagnosis. Methods Retrospective cohort study with more than 30,000 exams in more than 11,000 women. Microcephaly was confirmed by a neonatologist at birth and positive predictive values (PPVs) and misdiagnosis were assessed. Results A total of 71 cases were confirmed as microcephaly at birth. IG21 and Snijders PPVs showed to be more significant over WHO's (p < 0.001), without difference between them (p = 0.39). All RC were superimposed and did not show significant difference. When evaluated in different fragments, three trends were observed (until 30 weeks, between 30 and 36 and after 36 weeks of gestational age), with the latter interval showing a significant difference between IG21 and WHO (p = 0.0079). Conversely, WHO exhibited only one misdiagnosis, a much lower rate than Snijders, who missed eight cases and IG21, nine. Conclusion WHO's RC appears to misdiagnose fewer cases, which could be useful for a population screening, while IG21's RC presented a more significant PPV, being more useful for a more precise final diagnosis in reference centers30051211121

Trace mineral composition of human breast milk from brazilian mothers

Human milk is a dynamic food and some important differences in composition can be found between the milk from preterm and terms infants. Additionally, in some situations, the mother's own milk is unavailable and the use of milk from human milk banks is considered as the most appropriate substitute. In this way, concentrations of trace elements (Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Sr, and Zn) were determined in human milk, considering the differences about preterm and term human milk and its processing in a human milk bank. Methods: A total of 156 samples were analyzed, which were divided in three groups: samples collected at the hospital at bedside (BS, 60 samples) from mothers of preterm infants and samples from mothers of term infants collected in a human milk bank without pasteurization (WP, 49 samples) and pasteurized by the Holder procedure (P, 47 samples). The analyzes were conducted by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after the treatment of the samples with acid mineralization assisted by microwave radiation. Results: Concentrations varied in a range of 0.6-88.2 mu g/L for Ba, 78.6-954.5 mu g/L for Cu, 24.2-5229.2 mu g/L for Fe, 0.4-42.6 mu g/L for Mn, 0.1-39.1 mu g/L for Mo, 2.5-70.6 mu g/L for Se, 8.9-187.5 mu g/L for Sr and 76.3-17727.2 mu g/L for Zn. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between preterm (BS) and term human milk (WP and P) for Ba, Cu, Mo, Se, and Zn, whereas the processing of the donated milk by Holder pasteurization did not influence the concentration of the studied trace elements. The milk of term infants does not attend the recommended daily intake (RDI) of Zn and for preterm infants the RDI of Fe and Mn is not achieved. Conclusions: The higher concentrations of Cu, Mo, Se and Zn observed in milk from mothers of preterm infants indicate that the milk to be offered for these high-risk neonates in neonatal intensive care units should contain higher levels of these trace elements. Besides, considering the RDI, the milk of term infants should be fortified with Zn, whereas the milk of preterm infants should be fortified with Fe54199205CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESSem informação88887.195518/2018-0

An auditory health program for neonates in ICU and/or intermediate care settings

Auditory screening and early identification and management of patients with hearing loss improve the development prospects of infants.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the outcomes produced by an Auditory Health Program in neonates managed in an intensive care unit.METHOD:This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled neonates referred to the neonatal care unit at hospital CAISM/Unicamp with stays lasting for 48 hours and more within a period of 13 months. Automated monitoring of brainstem auditory evoked potentials was used in the auditory screening of neonates at the time of discharge. Children with poor BAEPs were sent to undergo audiological, otorhinolaryngological, and genetic tests.RESULTS:Auditory screening was performed for 84.7% of the live births; 39.7% were screened at 30 days or more of age. Diagnostic tests revealed that 63.8% of the children had normal hearing. Incidence of hearing loss was 4%; sensorineural hearing loss was observed in 1,4% of the subjects; 0.24% had auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder; and 2.2% had conductive hearing loss.CONCLUSION:Neonatal auditory screening was not offered universally, and nor was it carried out, in many cases, within the child's first month of life. Screening must be performed before neonates are discharged and in more than one stage. A high incidence of hearing loss was observed.Atriagem auditiva, a identificação e intervenção precoces da perda auditiva possibilitam um bom prognóstico para o desenvolvimento infantil.OBJETIVO:Analisar os resultados obtidos pelo Programa de Saúde Auditiva em neonatos que permaneceram em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva-UTI.MÉTODO:Estudo de corte transversal prospectivo. A amostra foi constituída por recém-nascidos, internados em unidade neonatal do CAISM/Unicamp, por pelo menos 48 horas, no período de 13 meses. O procedimento utilizado para triagem auditiva foi o Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico Automático-Madsen Accuscreen, próximo à alta hospitalar. As crianças que falharam na triagem foram encaminhadas para diagnóstico audiológico, otorrinolaringológico e genético.RESULTADOS:Fizeram a triagem auditiva 84,7% dos neonatos vivos, sendo realizada em 39,7% dos casos após 30 dias de vida. O diagnóstico mostrou que 63,8% das crianças apresentaram audição normal. A incidência da perda auditiva foi de 4%, sendo de 1,4% para perda do tipo neurossensorial, 0,24% com Espectro da Neuropatia Auditiva e 2,2% do tipo condutiva.CONCLUSÃO:Concluiu-se que a triagem auditiva neonatal não foi universal e nem aplicada, em muitos casos, no primeiro mês de vida. Deve ser realizada antes da alta hospitalar e em de mais de uma etapa. A incidência da perda auditiva foi elevada.70971