Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on wheat and barley: symptoms, yield loss and transmission through seed

Wheat and barley crops were susceptible to Indian peanut clump furovirus (IPCV) under field conditions in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. In wheat, the Hyderabad isolate of IPCV (IPCV-H) induced symptoms resembling the rosette caused by soil-borne wheat mosaic furovirus, and these were apparent only 3 weeks after emergence. Early-infected plants were severely stunted and dark green, with chlorotic streaks on the youngest leaves, which turned necrotic as the plants aged; most of these plants died. Late-infected plants were also stunted and were conspicuous in the field because of their dark green appearance as a result of delayed maturity. The virus was detected by ELISA and nucleic acid hybridization in all plants with symptoms. These plants usually produced fewer tillers than healthy ones. Spikes were malformed, often did not emerge from the flag leaf, and they contained few, shrivelled seeds. Grain yield was decreased by an average of 58%. In barley, IPCV-H caused severe stunting and general leaf chlorosis. As the plants aged, the leaves became necrotic and the few infected plants that reached maturity produced small spikes. IPCV-H antigens were detected by ELISA in every wheat seed from infected plants and the virus was transmitted through wheat seed at a frequency of 0.5-1.3%. Storage at 4°C for more than a year did not affect seed transmission frequency. The virus was detected in leaves and roots of seed-transmitted plants. Seed transmission was not detected in barley. The Durgapura isolate (IPCV-D) was detected in wheat crops (cv. RR-21) at 3 different locations in Rajasthan State, India. Infected plants showed reduced growth without any overt symptoms

Trigeminal Melanoma Metastasis

We present the case of a 70-year-old patient presented to our institution for paresthesia of the right hemiface associated with dysarthria in aggravation since 1 year. He was diagnosed with right trigeminal melanoma metastasis. This case is characterized by a thickening of the right trigeminal nerve from his cisternal segment to his mandibular branch V3. MRI demonstrated an intensive perineural spread by a melanotic melanoma. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

Mating types of Phaeosphaeria nodorum (anamorph Stagonospora nodorum) from Central Asia

The distribution was examined of the mating type idiomorphs (MAT-1 and -2) of Phaeosphaeria (anamorph Stagonospora) nodorum using DNA from 49 isolates collected from commercial and experimental fields in 2003 and 2004 in Central Asia. MAT-1 and -2 isolates were present in the Kazakh and Russian origins of P. nodorum, but no MAT-2 isolates were found in Tajikistan. The possibility of a skewed Tajik population cannot be excluded, considering that the sampled region in Tajikistan was geographically isolated from Kazakhstan and Russia