Introducción

[ES] Los estudios de caso que integran el presente monográfico analizan muestras de las diversas transformaciones que se han venido llevando a cabo en el género gótico desde los años 70 hasta la actualidad en los ámbitos de la ficción, las artes visuales y otras formas de cultura popular. Se hace especial énfasis en los patrones de influencia, apropiación y reformulación, así como en la continuidad del imaginario gótico en la posmodernidad. Se invita así a la reflexión sobre las ansiedades del mundo contemporáneo y su reflejo o expresión en las diferentes manifestaciones artísticas y literarias del género del terror.[EN] The case studies in this volume assess the transformations undergone by the Gothic genre since the 1970s until today within the fields of fiction, the visual arts and other forms of popular culture. Special emphasis falls into the patterns of influence, appropriation and reformulation in the works under assessment, as well as the durability of gothic imagery in postmodernity. We thereby invite readers to reflect on how these visual and literary works echo, reflect or give voice to the anxieties in our contemporary society

Machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) approach to predict early progression to first-line treatment in real-world hormone receptor-positive (HRþ)/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients.

Este artículo ha sido publicado en la revista European Journal of Cancer. Esta versión tiene Licencia Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-NDBackground: CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapies are the current standard of care in the first-line treatment of HRþ/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, but there are no well-established clinical or molecular predictive factors for patient response. In the era of personalised oncology, new approaches for developing predictive models of response are needed. Materials and methods: Data derived from the electronic health records (EHRs) of real-world patients with HRþ/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer were used to develop predictive models for early and late progression to first-line treatment. Two machine learning approaches were used: a classic approach using a data set of manually extracted features from reviewed (EHR) patients, and a second approach using natural language processing (NLP) of freetext clinical notes recorded during medical visits. Results: Of the 610 patients included, there were 473 (77.5%) progressions to first-line treatment, of which 126 (20.6%) occurred within the first 6 months. There were 152 patients (24.9%) who showed no disease progression before 28 months from the onset of first-line treatment. The best predictive model for early progression using the manually extracted dataset achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.734 (95% CI 0.687e0.782). Using the NLP free-text processing approach, the best model obtained an AUC of 0.758 (95% CI 0.714 e0.800). The best model to predict long responders using manually extracted data obtained an AUC of 0.669 (95% CI 0.608e0.730). With NLP free-text processing, the best model attained an AUC of 0.752 (95% CI 0.705e0.799). Conclusions: Using machine learning methods, we developed predictive models for early and late progression to first-line treatment of HRþ/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, also finding that NLP-based machine learning models are slightly better than predictive models based on manually obtained data

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

GrassPlot - a database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands

GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (releves) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001;... 1,000 m(2)) and on nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes and 2,800 nested-plot series. The key components are richness data and metadata. However, most included datasets also encompass compositional data. About 14,000 plots have near-complete records of terricolous bryophytes and lichens in addition to vascular plants. At present, GrassPlot contains data from 36 countries throughout the Palaearctic, spread across elevational gradients and major grassland types. GrassPlot with its multi-scale and multi-taxon focus complements the larger international vegetationplot databases, such as the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and the global database " sPlot". Its main aim is to facilitate studies on the scale-and taxon-dependency of biodiversity patterns and drivers along macroecological gradients. GrassPlot is a dynamic database and will expand through new data collection coordinated by the elected Governing Board. We invite researchers with suitable data to join GrassPlot. Researchers with project ideas addressable with GrassPlot data are welcome to submit proposals to the Governing Board

Legitimazing the sensuous female: a re-assessment of the Babylonian goddess in D. G. Rossetti's Astarte Syriaca (1875-77)

Desde una perspectiva revisionista ligada a un análisis interdisciplinar, la presente contribución pretende desestigmatizar la imagen femenina mostrada en la obra pictórico-literaria Astarte Syriaca (1875-77), a menudo vinculada erróneamente al mal o como alusiva a la prostituta babilónica descrita en el Apocalipsis (17:5). Pretendemos demostrar que la diosa rossettiana actúa como representación positiva de las fuerzas mistéricas ligadas al encuentro sexual. Apuntaremos igualmente que el pintor y poeta empleó una serie de referencias bíblicas y clásicas de calado distinto al volumen mencionado para construir un aparato legitimador que sirviera de apoyo a sus bases programáticas: es en este esquema que la mujer planteada por Rossetti se convierte en una entidad nodal que permite a su mensaje artístico cobrar pleno significado.Adopting a revisionist disposition and following an interdisciplinary pattern of analysis, this paper attempts to unstigmatize the female profile in the double work Astarte Syriaca (1875-77), often deviously regarded as allusive to evil or to the pagan harlot depicted in section 17:5 from the Book of Revelation. Our inquiries seek to demonstrate that the goddess rendered by Rossetti functions as a positive representation of the mysteric forces bound to sexual intercourse. We will also specify that the painter-poet employed a set of biblical and classical references other than the aforementioned volume as a legitimizing apparatus which would serve his own creative and programmatic tenets: it is within this scheme that the Rossettian woman proves a primary nodal entity allowing the aesthetic message to gather full meaning

«Beautiful Things Are Fragile»: Intertextual Connections and the (Re)Construction of Identity in Guillermo del Toro's Crimson Peak

[ES] Los estudios de caso que integran el presente monográfico analizan muestras de las diversas transformaciones que se han venido llevando a cabo en el género gótico desde los años 70 hasta la actualidad en los ámbitos de la ficción, las artes visuales y otras formas de cultura popular. Se hace especial énfasis en los patrones de influencia, apropiación y reformulación, así como en la continuidad del imaginario gótico en la posmodernidad. Se invita así a la reflexión sobre las ansiedades del mundo contemporáneo y su reflejo o expresión en las diferentes manifestaciones artísticas y literarias del género del terror.[EN] The case studies in this volume assess the transformations undergone by the Gothic genre since the 1970s until today within the fields of fiction, the visual arts and other forms of popular culture. Special emphasis falls into the patterns of influence, appropriation and reformulation in the works under assessment, as well as the durability of gothic imagery in postmodernity. We thereby invite readers to reflect on how these visual and literary works echo, reflect or give voice to the anxieties in our contemporary society

Imágenes distópicas: representaciones culturales

¿Cuáles son los límites del universo distópico? Frente al género utópico, que planteaba sociedades ideales que permitían explorar críticas veladas al sistema político, ideológico o social de diversas épocas (Renacimiento, Ilustración…), el concepto de distopía goza de especial impacto en la actualidad al situar a lectores y espectadores ante estructuras, poderes y situaciones aparentemente ideales, pero que pronto revelan un rostro oscuro o desintegrador, tanto a nivel individual como interpersonal. Desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar, este volumen aborda la complejidad del concepto posmoderno de distopía y sus nexos con la tradición (Metrópolis, 1984, Un mundo feliz, La naranja mecánica, Fahrenheit 451…). El discurso predominante defiende que esta anti-utopía imagina la vida o su posibilidad en el peor de los mundos posibles, generalmente en estados totalitarios alienantes carentes de libertad: ante este futuro no deseable, lectores y espectadores se rebelan contra la deshumanización, la injusticia, la desigualdad o la destrucción de su identidad. Este libro analiza la construcción narrativa distópica en literatura y cine, identificando también los motivos de su éxito contemporáneo en la literatura, las artes visuales o el entretenimiento electrónico (Los juegos del hambre, Blade runner, The walking dead, Black mirror, Metro 2033…).2022-2