Coordinating Demand Fulfillment With Supply Across A Dynamic Supply Chain

Today, technology enables companies to extend their reach in managing the supply chain and operating it in a coordinated fashion from raw materials to end consumers. Order promising and order fulfillment have become key supply chain capabilities which help companies win repeat business by promising orders competitively and reliably. In this dissertation, we study two issues related to moving a company from an Available to Promise (ATP) philosophy to a Profitable to Promise (PTP) philosophy: pseudo order promising and coordinating demand fulfillment with supply. To address the first issue, a single time period analytical ATP model for n confirmed customer orders and m pseudo orders is presented by considering both material constraints and production capacity constraints. At the outset, some analytical properties of the optimal policies are derived and then a particular customer promising scheme that depends on the ratio between customer service level and profit changes is presented. To tackle the second issue, we create a mathematical programming model and explore two cases: a deterministic demand curve or stochastic demand. A simple, yet generic optimal solution structure is derived and a series of numerical studies and sensitivity analyses are carried out to investigate the impact of different factors on profit and fulfilled demand quantity. Further, the firm's optimal response to a one-time-period discount offered by the supplier of a key component is studied. Unlike most models of this type in the literature, which define variables in terms of single arc flows, we employ path variables to directly identify and manipulate profitable and non-profitable products. Numerical experiments based on Toshiba's global notebook supply chain are conducted. In addition, we present an analytical model to explore balanced supply. Implementation of these policies can reduce response time and improve demand fulfillment; further, the structure of the policies and our related analysis can give managers broad insight into this general decision-making environment

Bis[4-oxido-2-oxo-2,3-di­hydro­pyrimidin-1-ium-5-carboxyl­ato(1.5−)-κ2 O 4,O 5]bis­(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)dysprosium(III) dihydrate

In the title compound, [Dy(C5H2.5N2O4)2(C12H8N2)2]·2H2O, the DyIII ion is located on a twofold rotation axis and is coordinated in a square-anti­prismatic geometry by two chelating 1,10-phenanthroline mol­ecules as well as two 4-oxido-2-oxo-2,3-di­hydro­pyrimidin-1-ium-5-carboxyl­ato(1.5−) anions. N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds help to stabilize the crystal structure. The H atom involved in an N—H⋯N hydrogen bond is disordered around a twofold rotation axis

N-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-5-yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide

In the structure of the title compound, C8H7N5O, the pyridine ring and the imidazole ring are nearly coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 2.97 (15)°. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal mol­ecules are connected by inter­molecular hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking inter­actions between neighboring imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5842 (5) Å and off-set angle = 21.77°], leading to the formation of a two-dimensional supra­molecular sheet

4,4′-Bipyridinium 1,4-phenyl­ene­diacetate

The title compound, C10H10N2 2+·C10H8O4 2−, has inversion centres located at the geometric centres of the 1,4-phenyl­enediacetate anion and 4,4′-bipyridinium cation. The anions and cations are connected by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming one-dimensional supra­molecular chains, which inter­act with each other via π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.938 (2) Å], building a two-dimensional supra­molecular sheet

Chuan for the Primary Prevention of Stroke in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review

Background. Stroke is a major healthcare problem with serious long-term disability and is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Prevention of stroke is considered an important strategy. Methods. Seven electronic databases were searched. Results. 36 eligible studies with a total of 2393 participants were identified. Primary outcome measures, TCC exercise combined with other intervention had a significant effect on decreasing the incidence of nonfatal stroke ( = 185, RR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.85, = 0.03) and CCD ( = 125, RR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.96, = 0.04). For the risk factors of stroke, pooled analysis demonstrated that TCC exercise was associated with lower body weight, BMI, FBG level, and decreasing SBP, DBP, plasma TC, and LDL-C level regardless of the intervention period less than half a year or more than one year and significantly raised HDL-C level in comparison to nonintervention. Compared with other treatments, TCC intervention on the basis of the same other treatments in patients with chronic disease also showed the beneficial effect on lowering blood pressure. Conclusion. The present systematic review indicates that TCC exercise is beneficially associated with the primary prevention of stroke in middle-aged and elderly adults by inversing the high risk factors of stroke