Control of Electrodialysis Desalination Systems as Smart Loads in Microgrids with High Penetration of Renewable Generation

Water desalination systems connected to microgrids with high penetration of renewable energy generation are frequently used to promote the development of remote areas. These microgrids often have power quality and even stability problems. This work shows that electrodialysis desalination systems can be managed as smart loads, that is, they can contribute to the power balance and voltage regulation of the microgrid without neglecting its main function of water desalination. For this, a model of multiple inputs and multiple outputs for a desalination system is proposed where the variables to control are the treated water concentration and the active and reactive powers demanded by the desalination system. Based on this model, a control law is proposed that allows to face the complexity of the non-linear system in a simple and precise way. The proposed control guarantees the low salt concentration of the drinking water and favors the energy balance of the microgrid, allowing better control of the power quality and greater penetration of renewable energy generation

Compensación feedforward para controladores de estructura variable empleados en sistemas electrónicos de potencia

Este trabajo propone una compensación feedforward para rechazar perturbaciones en sistemas no lineales, del tipo afín en la variable de control, que trabajan bajo control en modo de deslizamiento real. Se obtiene la ley con que debe ser modificado el ciclo de trabajo de las llaves involucradas en el control, para obtener un efectivo rechazo de las perturbaciones. Se hace hincapié en la aplicación de la técnica propuesta a sistemas electrónicos de potencia que emplean la estrategia de control de PWM realimentado.In this paper feedforward compensation in order to reject disturbances for affine nonlinear systems using real sliding mode control strategy is proposed. The law of the modified duty cycle of the switches in order to reject the disturbances is obtained. Application to power electronic systems using the feedbaok PWM strategy is presented.Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señale

Compensación feedforward para controladores de estructura variable empleados en sistemas electrónicos de potencia

Este trabajo propone una compensación feedforward para rechazar perturbaciones en sistemas no lineales, del tipo afín en la variable de control, que trabajan bajo control en modo de deslizamiento real. Se obtiene la ley con que debe ser modificado el ciclo de trabajo de las llaves involucradas en el control, para obtener un efectivo rechazo de las perturbaciones. Se hace hincapié en la aplicación de la técnica propuesta a sistemas electrónicos de potencia que emplean la estrategia de control de PWM realimentado.In this paper feedforward compensation in order to reject disturbances for affine nonlinear systems using real sliding mode control strategy is proposed. The law of the modified duty cycle of the switches in order to reject the disturbances is obtained. Application to power electronic systems using the feedbaok PWM strategy is presented.Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señale

Compensación feedforward para controladores de estructura variable empleados en sistemas electrónicos de potencia

Este trabajo propone una compensación feedforward para rechazar perturbaciones en sistemas no lineales, del tipo afín en la variable de control, que trabajan bajo control en modo de deslizamiento real. Se obtiene la ley con que debe ser modificado el ciclo de trabajo de las llaves involucradas en el control, para obtener un efectivo rechazo de las perturbaciones. Se hace hincapié en la aplicación de la técnica propuesta a sistemas electrónicos de potencia que emplean la estrategia de control de PWM realimentado.In this paper feedforward compensation in order to reject disturbances for affine nonlinear systems using real sliding mode control strategy is proposed. The law of the modified duty cycle of the switches in order to reject the disturbances is obtained. Application to power electronic systems using the feedbaok PWM strategy is presented.Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señale

A phloem‐localized Arabidopsis metacaspase (AtMC3) improves drought tolerance

Increasing drought phenomena pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Although plants have multiple ways to respond to the complexity of drought stress, the underlying mechanisms of stress sensing and signaling remain unclear. The role of the vasculature, in particular the phloem, in facilitating inter-organ communication is critical and poorly understood.Combining genetic, proteomic and physiological approaches, we investigated the role of AtMC3, a phloem-specific member of the metacaspase family, in osmotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the proteome in plants with altered AtMC3 levels revealed differential abundance of proteins related to osmotic stress pointing into a role of the protein in water-stress-related responses.Overexpression of AtMC3 conferred drought tolerance by enhancing the differentiation of specific vascular tissues and maintaining higher levels of vascular-mediated transportation, while plants lacking the protein showed an impaired response to drought and inability to respond effectively to the hormone abscisic acid.Overall, our data highlight the importance of AtMC3 and vascular plasticity in fine-tuning early drought responses at the whole plant level without affecting growth or yield.ISSN:0028-646XISSN:1469-813