Influencia de la filtración de leche fresca con membranas sobre la producción de quesos hilados.

Fresh whole milk and semi-skimmed milk were filtered using MF and UF membrane technology, as a strategy for the concentration of milk proteins aimed at production of stretched-curd cheese. Ceramic membranes of different pare sizes (0,4S IJm, 0,2 IJm, 300 kDa, lSO kDa, SO kDa and 8 kDa) were used to evaluate the influence of this parameter over productivity and selectivity. For filtration of semi-skimmed milk (1,1% w/w fat) 300 kDa and 0,2 1-1m membranes showed the highest permeabilities of 167±69 kg m-z h-1 and 71,9±42kg m-z h-1 and protein retention percentages of 89,98% and 89,08%, respectively. Tests with whole milk showed lower productivity during filtration for the evaluated pare diameters under the same operating conditions.Leche fresca entera y semi-descremada fue filtrada utilizando tecnología con membranas de MF y UF, como estrategia para la concentración de proteínas lácteas encaminadas a la elaboración de quesos hilados. Membranas cerámicas de diferentes tamaños de poro (0,4S1Jm, 0,2 1-1m, 300 kDa, 1SO kDa, so kDa y 8 kDa) fueron utilizadas para evaluar la influencia de este parámetro sobre la productividad y selectividad. Para la filtración de leche semi-descremada (1,1% p/p de grasa), las membranas de 300 kDa y 0,2 IJm mostraron las más altas permeabilidades (167±69 kg m-2 h-1 y 71,9±42 kg m-2 h-1 ) y porcentajes de retención de proteína (89,98% y 89,08%), respectivamente. Las pruebas realizadas con leche entera evidenciaron una menor productividad durante la filtración para los diámetros de poro evaluados bajo las mismas condiciones de operación

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population