Respuesta de la caña al nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio. :1 Arreglo caña intercalada maíz-fríjol.

Se evaluó la respuesta agroeconómica de la caña panelera a la fertilización con N, P y K en el sistema de cultivo intercalado. Los ensayos se realizaron en siete municipios de Santander del Sur en el arreglo caña/maíz/fríjol, efectuando aplicaciones de N, P y K a distintos niveles y combinaciones. Para interpretar la información se hizo análisis económico de varianza, regresión, promedios y gráfico. La caña intercalada con maíz y fríjol respondió agronómicamente a la aplicación de fertilizantes, pero la respuesta económica fue negativa. El tratamiento recomendado para la zona (150-100-30) presentó una rentabilidad de 1.9, mientras que el mejor tratamiento, basado en el análisis gráfico y de promedios, mostró rentabilidad de 5.53. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se recomienda realizar más investigaciones para comparar la fertilización de cultivos intercalados con cultivos solos, en lo referente a eficiencia de fertilización, dosis y época de aplicaciónFríjol-Phaseolus vulgarisMaíz-Zea may

Renormalization group equation and scaling solutions for f(R) gravity in exponential parametrization

We employ the exponential parametrization of the metric and a \u201cphysical\u201d gauge fixing procedure to write a functional flow equation for the gravitational effective average action in an f(R) truncation. The background metric is a four-sphere and the coarse-graining procedure contains three free parameters. We look for scaling solutions, i.e. non-Gaussian fixed points for the function f. For a discrete set of values of the parameters, we find simple global solutions of quadratic polynomial form. For other values, global solutions can be found numerically. Such solutions can be extended in certain regions of parameter space and have two relevant directions. We discuss the merits and the shortcomings of this procedure. \ua9 2016, The Author(s)

Informe de actividades 1989: programa de Caña panelera

El cultivo de caña en zonas paneleras ocupa un lugar de importancia econ6mica por el área cultivada 315.000 hectáreas de las cuales se cosechan anualmente 232.500, cuya producción para 1989 se estima en 1.395.000 toneladas de panela, que representan para el sector panelero ingresos por 97.650 millones de pesos a un precio promedio de $70.000 tonelada. En el cultivo de caña y elaboración de panela se ocupa cerca de 34 millones de jornales al año, cifra solo comparada con la industria de café. De este cultivo dependen econ6micamente 120.000 familias que derivan su sustento de la explotación de caña.Caña panelera-Saccharum officinarum - Saccharum officinarum L

Asymptotic Safety, Emergence and Minimal Length

There seems to be a common prejudice that asymptotic safety is either incompatible with, or at best unrelated to, the other topics in the title. This is not the case. In fact, we show that 1) the existence of a fixed point with suitable properties is a promising way of deriving emergent properties of gravity, and 2) there is a sense in which asymptotic safety implies a minimal length. In so doing we also discuss possible signatures of asymptotic safety in scattering experiments.Comment: LaTEX, 20 pages, 2 figures; v.2: minor changes, reflecting published versio

Avances de resultados de las actividades ejecutadas en 1991 por el programa de caña panelera: convenio ICA-Holanda de investigación y divulgación para el mejoramiento de la industria panelera

En la parte agrónomica se distinguen dos grandes áreas: 1) la selección de variedades que se destaquen, por sus rendimientos agronómicos y por sus características agro industriales en calidad de panela y 2) el manejo agrobioecológico donde se buscan las mejores alternativas de la interacción ambiente-planta-manejo para lograr unos rendimientos agronómicos y económicos adecuados pero manteniendo las condiciones ambientales y culturales a nivel regional.Caña panelera-Saccharum officinarum - Saccharum officinarum L

Características métricas de un cuestionario para evaluar la calidad de vida profesional de los médicos cardiólogos

Introducción: La calidad de la atención médica de los sistemas de salud parece relacionarse con la satisfacción de los profesionales que los integran; es por ello que el estudio del estrés y la insatisfacción laboral de los profesionales es de especial interés. Por otra parte, es sabido que la medición de la calidad de vida profesional (CVP) puede variar de acuerdo con el instrumento que se utilice, con el entorno organizativo del sistema de salud y con el tipo de profesional o la especialidad que ejerza. Objetivo: Evaluar la factibilidad, la consistencia interna, la capacidad discriminativa y la composición factorial de un cuestionario de CVP aplicado a una población de médicos cardiólogos en la Argentina. Material y métodos: Entre abril y junio de 2007 se propuso un cuestionario anónimo a 717 cardiólogos a fin de evaluar distintos aspectos de la CVP, a saber: percepción de la situación laboral, posibilidad de realización personal y expectativa de futuro. Se realizó un análisis de factores y se midieron la validez de construcción y la confiabilidad del cuestionario. Resultados: El análisis identificó los tres dominios antes señalados. En conjunto, estos tres componentes explicaron el 46% de la variabilidad total del instrumento, nivel exigible para una validez estructural adecuada. Por su parte, el a de Cronbach total del cuestionario fue 0,76. Por último, la confiabilidad se demostró con una buena correlación entre el puntaje total del instrumento y los parciales obtenidos en cada dominio (factor 1: rho = 0,806, p < 0,0001; factor 2: rho = 0,726, p < 0,0001 y factor 3: rho = 0,754, p < 0,0001). Conclusiones: El análisis de las características métricas de este cuestionario demostró la fiabilidad y la validez del instrumento para evaluar la CVP del médico cardiólogo en la Argentina.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

The background scale Ward identity in quantum gravity

We show that with suitable choices of parametrization, gauge fixing and cutoff, the anomalous variation of the effective action under global rescalings of the background metric is identical to the derivative with respect to the cutoff, i.e. to the beta functional, as defined by the exact RG equation. The Ward identity and the RG equation can be combined, resulting in a modified flow equation that is manifestly invariant under global background rescalings

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Computing the effective action with the functional renormalization group

The \u201cexact\u201d or \u201cfunctional\u201d renormalization group equation describes the renormalization group flow of the effective average action \u393 k. The ordinary effective action \u393 0 can be obtained by integrating the flow equation from an ultraviolet scale k= \u39b down to k= 0. We give several examples of such calculations at one-loop, both in renormalizable and in effective field theories. We reproduce the four-point scattering amplitude in the case of a real scalar field theory with quartic potential and in the case of the pion chiral Lagrangian. In the case of gauge theories, we reproduce the vacuum polarization of QED and of Yang\u2013Mills theory. We also compute the two-point functions for scalars and gravitons in the effective field theory of scalar fields minimally coupled to gravity. \ua9 2016, The Author(s)