The Spiral of Silence on Political Movement of Thai Youth Under the Imagined Community from Milk Tea Alliance Tactics on Twitter

The main focus of this research is how the youth demonstration started in Thailand in late 2020. It is now and this demonstration is still going on in a more severe stage as Thailand just had an election on May 14th, 2023 but the authoritarian regime seems not to respect the majority votes. The analysis since late 2020, the demonstration of Thai youths, will be discussed in this research and the main question is what is the motivation of Youth’s demonstration will be analyzed. Why are high school and elementary school students walking out on the street for a political movement, and some out mobilizing in front of the Ministry of Education to represent people's opinions on political changes? When comparing student activism in Thailand on the Day of Great Sorrow "Wan Maha Wippayok" in 1973 and 1976, one sees that the two movements were to promote anti-dictatorship in Thailand. The people who played the role of a striker were university students. In contrast, the demonstration in 2020, it differs from the demonstrations in the 1970s; in the 2020 demonstration, people from all levels participated in this protest, especially elementary school and high school students. This research discovered the deep roots of this protest and how the government and Thai Youth should encounter it halfway through this shift so that the movement will achieve its goal and have less harm on the current economy. An aggressive movement has no benefit to Thai people and the economy. It destroys national GDP and wastes too much time rebuilding the economy under an aging society. Anonymously interviewing the scholars and students who joined the demonstration, data analysis, and online survey from the people who attended Thai schools are the key to finding an answer to the research questions

Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Complexes with Multiple Redox Centers

The electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of different types of complexes with multiple redox centers were investigated. Cyclic voltammetry was used as the main electrochemical technique along with thin-layer UV-visible and FTIR spectroelectrochemistry. The primary focus of this work was to elucidate the overall redox behavior of the compounds and to examine the site of electron transfer. Ligand binding reactions were also monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy and/or electrochemical titration methods. The examined electroactive compounds included: (i) free base corroles with nitro substituents at the β-pyrrole positions, (ii) β-nitro substituted iron corroles, (iii) bis-[PcRu(CO)][Ru2(ap)4(C≡CC5H4N)2]: a tetraruthenium complex containing two ruthenium(II) phthalocyanines and one metal-metal bonded diruthenium(III,III) unit, (iv) diruthenium complexes containing four symmetrical anionic bridging ligands and (v) copper(I) complexes with diethoxyphosphoryl-substituted 1,10-phenanthroline ligands.Chemistry, Department o

Quantity and Source of Protein during Complementary Feeding and Infant Growth: Evidence from a Population Facing Double Burden of Malnutrition

Background: While high protein intake during infancy may increase obesity risk, low qualities and quantities of protein contribute to undernutrition. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the amount and source of protein on infant growth during complementary feeding (CF) in a country where under- and overnutrition co-exist as the so-called the double burden of malnutrition. Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort was conducted. Healthy term infants were enrolled with dietary and anthropometric assessments at 6, 9 and 12 months (M). Blood samples were collected at 12M for IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and insulin analyses. Results: A total of 145 infants were enrolled (49.7% female). Animal source foods (ASFs) were the main protein source and showed a positive, dose–response relationship with weight-for-age, weight-for-length and BMI z-scores after adjusting for potential confounders. However, dairy protein had a greater impact on those parameters than non-dairy ASFs, while plant-based protein had no effect. These findings were supported by higher levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and insulin following a higher intake of dairy protein. None of the protein sources were associated with linear growth. Conclusions: This study showed the distinctive impact of different protein sources during CF on infant growth. A high intake of dairy protein, mainly from infant formula, had a greater impact on weight gain and growth-related hormones

Structural, spectroscopic and theoretical studies of a diruthenium(II,II) tetraformamidinate that reversibly binds dioxygen

The reaction of Ru2(O2CMe)4 with N,N'-bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)formamidine (Hdmof) in refluxing toluene solutions yields Ru2(dmof)4 as a diamagnetic red solid that is extremely airsensitive. The crystal structure reveals the expected paddlewheel arrangement of ligands around the Ru2 4+ core, with a relatively long Ru-Ru bond (2.4999(8) Å) that is consistent with a σ2 π4 δ2 π*4 electronic configuration. This is supported DFT calculations that show this electronic structure results from destabilization of the δ* orbital due to antibonding interactions with the formamidinate ligands. The cyclic voltammogram of Ru2(dmof)4 in a 0.1 M n Bu4NPF6 / CH2Cl2 solution shows two redox processes, assigned as successive oxidations corresponding to the Ru2 4+/5+ and Ru2 5+/6 redox couples. Changes in the electronic absorption spectra associated with these oxidation processes were probed using a UV/vis spectroelectrochemical study. Ru2(dmof)4 reacts with dioxygen in solution to generate a purple compound that decomposes within an hour at room temperature. Bubbling N2 gas through the purple solution regenerates Ru2(dmof)4, as evidenced by UV/vis spectrometry and cyclic voltammetry, suggesting that the dioxygen reversibly binds to the diruthenium core

β-nitro-5,10,15-tritolylcorroles

Functionalization of the β-pyrrolic positions of the corrole macrocycle with -NO 2 groups is limited at present to metallocorrolates due to the instability exhibited by corrole free bases under oxidizing conditions. A careful choice of the oxidant can limit the transformation of corroles into decomposition products or isocorrole species, preserving the corrole aromaticity, and thus allowing the insertion of nitro groups onto the corrole framework. Here we report results obtained by reacting 5,10,15-tritolylcorrole (TTCorrH 3) with the AgNO 2/ NaNO 2 system, to give mono- and dinitrocorrole derivatives when stoichiometry is carefully controlled. Reactions were found to be regioselective, affording the 3-NO 2TTCorrH 3 and 3,17-(NO 2) 2TTCorrH 3 isomers as the main products in the case of mono- and disubstitution, in 53 and 20% yields, respectively. In both cases, traces of other mono- and disubstituted isomers were detected, which were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The influence of the β-nitro substituents on the corrole properties is studied in detail by UV-visible, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical characterization of these functionalized corroles. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations of the ground and excited state properties of these β-nitrocorrole derivatives also afforded significant information, closely matching the experimental observations. It is found that the β-NO 2 substituents conjugate with the π-aromatic system of the macrocycle, which initiates significant changes in both the spectroscopic and redox properties of the so functionalized corroles. This effect is more pronounced when the nitro group is introduced at the 2-position, because in this case the conjugation is, for steric reasons, more efficient than in the 3-nitro isomer. © 2012 American Chemical Society

Comprehending non-literal language: effects of aging and bilingualism

A pressing issue that the 21st century is facing in many parts of the developed world is a rapidly aging population. Whilst several studies have looked at aging older adults and their language use in terms of vocabulary, syntax and sentence comprehension, few have focused on the comprehension of non-literal language (i.e. pragmatic inference-making) by aging older adults, and even fewer, if any, have explored the effects of bilingualism on pragmatic inferences of non-literal language by aging older bilinguals. Thus, the present study examined the effects of age(ing) and the effects of bilingualism on aging older adults’ ability to infer non-literal meaning. Four groups of participants made up of monolingual English-speaking and bilingual English-Tamil speaking young (17–23 years) and older (60– 83 years) adults were tested with pragmatic tasks that included non-conventional indirect requests, conversational implicatures, conventional metaphors and novel metaphors for both accuracy and efficiency in terms of response times. While the study did not find any significant difference between monolinguals and bilinguals on pragmatic inferences, there was a significant effect of age on one type of non-literal language tested: conventional metaphors. The effect of age was present only for the monolinguals with aging older monolinguals performing less well than the young monolinguals. Aging older bilingual adults were not affected by age whilst processing conventional metaphors. This suggests a bilingual advantage in pragmatic inferences of conventional metaphors

The Fear of Single Parent Children: The Case of Modern ChiangMai

[[abstract]]從1957年資本主義的擴展下，泰國社會歷經了許多問題，其中包括離婚。泰國已經從農業及以家庭為主的社會，走向工業社會及以個人導向的社會。金錢已經變成人們最重要追求的東西，人們變得緊張並且缺乏處理的能力，導致引起許多家庭問題，包括單親父母的去從及單親孩子問題。 我把重點放在1983年到1989年出生的單親孩子上（他們現在是20歲到27歲之間）這個年紀正好是泰國人的適婚年齡，所以對我的研究非常有幫助。 因為家庭破碎的關係，我發現經濟問題是影響單親孩子穩定性的最大因素，他們已經失去了信心，在經濟因素的恐懼下，將會引起單親孩子對人生的絕望，甚至會危及生命。[[abstract]]As capitalism has expanded in Thailand since 1957, Thai society has experienced many problems including divorce. Thai society has changed from an agricultural society to an industrial society and from a family based society to a more and more individual based society. Money has become more important than anything else and people will do their best to obtain it. People have become more stressed and less able to cope and this has led many types of family problems, including divorce follow by single parent and single parent children problem. I would like to focus on the childrens’ feelings - especially “the feeling of fear”. What do the single parent children fear most in their lives and how does this affect their behaviors and minds? My second question is why do they have fear? Lastly I would like to find out if the single parent children are a metaphor for the uncertain social, political and economic issues of Thailand from 1957 to the present? I focus on the single parent children who were born between 1983-1989 (those who are now 20 to 27 years old). These are the ages when Thai people get married, so will be a very helpful range for my research question. In this research I finds out that the economic difficulty strongly effect single parent children’s fear of having a stable relationship as they has base on the broken family background. They have lost the feeling of trust. Under the economic crisis with the feeling of fear, it cause single parent children could feel desperate and this could harm a life.[[note]]碩

Flow Cytometric Test with Eosin-5-Maleimide for a Diagnosis of Hereditary Spherocytosis in a Newborn

A term male newborn born to a mother who had hereditary spherocytosis presented with neonatal jaundice at 20 hours of life. Complete blood count showed hemoglobin 17.1 g/dL, MCV 104.2 fL, MCH 32.9 pg, and MCHC 31.6 g/dL. The patient had indirect hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy. The maximum total bilirubin level was 12.15 mg/dL at 20 hours of life. Peripheral blood smear revealed spherocytes, crenated red cells, and polychromasia. A flow cytometric test with eosin-5-maleimide- (EMA-) labeled RBC was performed in the patient and parents. The fluorescence histograms of EMA-labeled RBC from the patient and mother were shifted to the left, and the fluorescence ratio when compared with normal was 0.69 and 0.84, respectively. The flow cytometric test with EMA is useful in supporting the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis during newborn period