ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS IN DRUG ADDICTED PATIENTS

Twenty-five patients with acute viral hepatitis and drug abuse (heroin) aged between 15 and 30 years were studied. They were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Varna, during the period from January till October, 1998. The following types of viral hepatitis were established: acute viral hepatitis A (AVH-A) - in 7 patients, acute viral hepatitis В (AVH-B) - in two, acute viral hepatitis С (AHV-C) - in 6, non-defined AVH - in 9, and toxic hepatitis - in one patient. Most cases with AVH-C were clinically clearly manifested and there were no diagnostic difficulties. Probably, the non-defined AVH cases belonged to AVH-C infection but they remained not proved because of the absent diagnostic opportunities

ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS С

Thirteen patients of different age groups were examined. They presented with clinico-biochemical data about acute viral hepatitis serologically decoded as acute viral hepatitis C. In 9 cases an evidence of inoculative manipulations (in 6 venous drug abusers and in 3 cases after surgical interventions) was established. The course of the disease was not very severe. In one patient it was even slight. There was a tendency towards a chronic course in 5 cases. In two patients the catamnestic folllowing-up revealed a histological evidence of chronic viral hepatitis C. Interferon therapy was administered

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SALMONELLOSIS OF CHILDREN AGED UP TO THREE YEARS

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Stabilnost kompleksa nekih lantanida s derivatima kumarina. II. Neodimij(III)-acenokumarol

A complex of neodymium(III) with 4-hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (acenocoumarol) was synthesized by mixing water solutions of neodymium(III) nitrate and the ligand (metal to ligand molar ratio of 1:3). The complex was characterized and identified by elemental analysis, conductivity, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data. DTA and TGA were applied to study the composition of the compound. Elemental and mass spectral analysis of the complex indicated the formation of a compound of the composition NdR3x6H2O, where R = C19H14NO6-. The reaction of neodymium(III) with 4-hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one was studied in detail by the spectrophotometric method. The stepwise formation of three complexes, vis., NdR2+, NdR2+ and NdR3 was established in the pH region studied (pH 3.0-7.5). The equilibrium constants for 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 complexes were determined to be log K1 = 6.20 ± 0.06; log K2 = 3.46 ± 0.07 and log K3 = 2.58 ± 0.05, respectively.Neodimijev(III) kompleks s acenokumarolom pripravljen je mješajući vodenu otopinu neodimijevog(III) nitrata i liganda u molarnom omjeru metala i liganda 1:3. Kompleks je karakteriziran i identificiran elementarnom analizom, konduktometrijom, IR, 1H NMR, masenom spektroskopijom, DTA i TGA. Analize ukazuju na sastav kompleksa NdR3.6H2O, gdje je R = C19H14NO6-. Reakcija neodimij(III) s acenokumarolom praćena je spektrofotometrijski. U pH području 3,0 do 7,5 utvrđeno je postupno stvaranje triju kompleksa, NdR2+, NdR2+ i NdR3. Konstante ravnoteže za 1:1, 1:2 i 1:3 komplekse bile su log K1 = 6,20 0,06, log K2 = 3,46 0,07, odnosno log K3 = 2,58 0,05

Stabilnost kompleksa nekih lantanida s derivatima kumarina. II. Neodimij(III)-acenokumarol

A complex of neodymium(III) with 4-hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (acenocoumarol) was synthesized by mixing water solutions of neodymium(III) nitrate and the ligand (metal to ligand molar ratio of 1:3). The complex was characterized and identified by elemental analysis, conductivity, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data. DTA and TGA were applied to study the composition of the compound. Elemental and mass spectral analysis of the complex indicated the formation of a compound of the composition NdR3x6H2O, where R = C19H14NO6-. The reaction of neodymium(III) with 4-hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one was studied in detail by the spectrophotometric method. The stepwise formation of three complexes, vis., NdR2+, NdR2+ and NdR3 was established in the pH region studied (pH 3.0-7.5). The equilibrium constants for 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 complexes were determined to be log K1 = 6.20 ± 0.06; log K2 = 3.46 ± 0.07 and log K3 = 2.58 ± 0.05, respectively.Neodimijev(III) kompleks s acenokumarolom pripravljen je mješajući vodenu otopinu neodimijevog(III) nitrata i liganda u molarnom omjeru metala i liganda 1:3. Kompleks je karakteriziran i identificiran elementarnom analizom, konduktometrijom, IR, 1H NMR, masenom spektroskopijom, DTA i TGA. Analize ukazuju na sastav kompleksa NdR3.6H2O, gdje je R = C19H14NO6-. Reakcija neodimij(III) s acenokumarolom praćena je spektrofotometrijski. U pH području 3,0 do 7,5 utvrđeno je postupno stvaranje triju kompleksa, NdR2+, NdR2+ i NdR3. Konstante ravnoteže za 1:1, 1:2 i 1:3 komplekse bile su log K1 = 6,20 0,06, log K2 = 3,46 0,07, odnosno log K3 = 2,58 0,05

Stabilnost kompleksa nekih lantanida s derivatima kumarina. I. Cerijev(III)-4-metil-7-hidroksikumarin

A complex of cerium(III) with 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin was synthesized by mixing water solutions of cerium(III) nitrate and 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin sodium salt in a metal-to-ligand molar ratio of 1:2. The complex was characterized and identified by elemental analysis, conductometry, IR, 1H and 13C NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectral data, DTA and TGA. Thermal analysis of the complex indicated the formation of a compound of the composition Ce(R)2.(OH).5H2O, R standing for the ligand. The reaction of cerium(III) with 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin was studied in detail by spectrophotometric method. The stepwise formation of two complexes, vis., CeR2+ and CeR2+, was established in the pH region studied. The equilibrium constants for 1:1 and 1:2 complexes were determined to be 10.72 and 9.22, respectively.Kompleks cerijevog(III) iona s 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarinom priređen je mješanjem vodene otopine cerijevog(III) nitrata i 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarin natrija u moalrnom omjeru 1:2. Kompleks je karakteriziran i identificiran elementarnom analizom, konduktometrijski, IR, 1H i 13C NMR-spektroskopijom, DTA, TGA i spektrometrijom masa. Termičkom analizom utvrđen je sastav kompleksa kao Ce(R)2.(OH).5H2O. Reakcija cerijevog(III) iona s 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarinom praćena je spektrofotometrijski. U proučavanom pH području utvrđeno je stupnjevito nastajanje dva kompleksa, CeR2+ i CeR2+. Konstante ravnoteže za 1:1 i 1:2 komplekse bile su 10,72, odnosno 9,22

Stabilnost kompleksa nekih lantanida s derivatima kumarina. I. Cerijev(III)-4-metil-7-hidroksikumarin

A complex of cerium(III) with 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin was synthesized by mixing water solutions of cerium(III) nitrate and 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin sodium salt in a metal-to-ligand molar ratio of 1:2. The complex was characterized and identified by elemental analysis, conductometry, IR, 1H and 13C NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectral data, DTA and TGA. Thermal analysis of the complex indicated the formation of a compound of the composition Ce(R)2.(OH).5H2O, R standing for the ligand. The reaction of cerium(III) with 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin was studied in detail by spectrophotometric method. The stepwise formation of two complexes, vis., CeR2+ and CeR2+, was established in the pH region studied. The equilibrium constants for 1:1 and 1:2 complexes were determined to be 10.72 and 9.22, respectively.Kompleks cerijevog(III) iona s 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarinom priređen je mješanjem vodene otopine cerijevog(III) nitrata i 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarin natrija u moalrnom omjeru 1:2. Kompleks je karakteriziran i identificiran elementarnom analizom, konduktometrijski, IR, 1H i 13C NMR-spektroskopijom, DTA, TGA i spektrometrijom masa. Termičkom analizom utvrđen je sastav kompleksa kao Ce(R)2.(OH).5H2O. Reakcija cerijevog(III) iona s 4-metil-7-hidroksikumarinom praćena je spektrofotometrijski. U proučavanom pH području utvrđeno je stupnjevito nastajanje dva kompleksa, CeR2+ i CeR2+. Konstante ravnoteže za 1:1 i 1:2 komplekse bile su 10,72, odnosno 9,22

Vermittlung von Schlüsselkompetenzen bei der Ausbildung im Ökologischen Landbau am Beispiel Polen

The aim of this paper is to analyze if non-formal education in folk high schools, based on the ideas of Grundtvig, combined with vocational training on organic farming is suited to build key competences recommended by the EU. A curriculum for a two year vocational training course on organic farming was developed and tested at a folk high school in Poland. Interviews with students and teachers give very positive feedback

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PECULIARITIES OF AN EPIDEMIC OF ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS DURING 1990-1991 IN THE REGION OF VARNA

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AN ATTEMPT AT NOSOLOGICAL AND ETIOLOGICAL DIARRHEA SYNDROME DECODING IN PATIENTS WITH PRESUMED ENTERAL INFECTION

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