Energy Intensity analysis of Indian manufacturing industries

Energy has been recognized as one of the key inputs for the economic growth and social development of a country. India being one of the largest and rapidly growing developing countries, there is an impending energy crisis which requires immediate measures to be adopted. In this situation the concept of Energy Intensity comes under special focus to ensure energy security in an environmentally sustainable way. Energy Intensity of Indian manufacturing industries is among the highest in the world and stands for enormous energy consumption. Hence, reducing the Energy Intensity of Indian manufacturing industries is one of the challenges. This study attempts to analyse the factors which influence the Energy Intensity of Indian manufacturing industries and how they can be improved to reduce the Energy Intensity. The paper considers five of the largest energy consuming manufacturing industrial sectors in India viz. Aluminium, Cement, Iron & Steel Industries, Textile Industries and Fertilizer Industries and conducts a detailed Energy Intensity analysis using the data from PROWESS database of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) for the period 2005-2014

Direct and indirect air pollutant reductions as co-benefits of the energy transition toward carbon-neutrality in India's residential sector

With increasing air pollution, exposure to air pollutants is becoming a critical health and environmental issue all over the world. In case of India, due to significant differences in the economic status and energy consumption characteristics, substantial variation in the air pollutant emissions is observed across Indian states in urban and rural areas. This study aims at developing a residential sector model to project CO2 emissions up to 2070, leading India's progress towards carbon-neutrality, and evaluating the dual benefits of reducing the aforesaid emissions. A bottom-up optimization model is used to analyze these emission projections for greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants across Indian states in rural and urban areas. Further, to evaluate the effects of Indian government policy, various mitigation scenarios are analyzed, which capture the energy transition and direct and indirect emissions in India's slow, medium, and fast-developing states. Rapid energy transition in India doubles the total energy consumption in the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario from 2010 to 2070. Consumption of traditional biomass and coal energy sources dramatically falls, and advanced energy sources such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and electricity are adopted. Energy transitions help decrease the vulnerability to harmful direct air pollutants such as black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and particulate matter (PM) among rural households. There are serious tradeoffs, however, as increased usage of LPG and electricity may raise total CO2, SO2, and NOX emissions. Higher LPG consumption leads to a more than two-fold increase in CO2 emissions by 2070, compared to 2020 in residential sector. By pursuing carbon-neutrality through a renewable electricity transition, the most ambitious scenario in this study, India could reduce CO2, SO2, NOX, and BC emissions by 67%, 87%, 89%, and 99%, respectively, from the 2070 BAU levels

India's Non-CO2 GHG Emissions: Development Pathways and Mitigation Flexibility

This paper analyses the future trends (2000-2030) in Methane and Nitrous Oxide emissions across four scenarios that have been developed for India. The future state of Indian economy in the next 30-years has been broadly visualized under four scenarios proposed as combinations of market integration (extent of liberalization, globalization and integration with the world markets) and nature of governance (centralization vs. decentralization). The methodology chosen for the development of these scenarios draws mainly from the IPCC SRES methodology. The paper presents CH4 and N2O emissions for each of the scenarios for all the major emitting sectors. The major sources of Methane emissions are livestock and paddy contributing to about 65% of the total emissions in 2000. The share of emissions from Municipal Solid Waste is also expected to rise with increasing urbanization. Nitrous Oxide emissions arise chiefly from synthetic fertilizer use (contributing 67% of total emissions) and from field burning of agricultural residue. The paper also presents mitigation analysis for CO2 and CH4 and long-term, hundred-year analysis for CO2, CH4 and N2O.

Analysis of Long-term Energy and Carbon Emission Scenarios for India

carbon-constrained scenario, integrated energy emissions modelling, long-term modelling, market reforms, regional energy markets, renewable energy,

Future Greenhouse Gas and Local Pollutant Emissions for India: Policy Links and Disjoints

disjoint, future emissions, Kuznets' curve, mitigation, scenario analysis,