Exploring Factors Influencing the HQDMI in the Yellow River Basin: A Grounded Theory Approach

The research on high-quality development of the manufacturing industry (HQDMI) in the Yellow River Basin is in the exploratory stage, and little literature has systematically analyzed its influencing factors. Based on the grounded theory, this paper makes an exploratory analysis of the influencing factors of the HQDMI in the Yellow River Basin. This study finds that the influencing factors of the HQDMI mainly include six aspects: innovation capability, organization construction, industry resources, institutional environment, industry collaboration, and market demand. By using the HQDMI’s endogenous and exogenous factors as the core, the realization mode of the HQDMI in the Yellow River basin is put forward, and the influencing factors and action model of the HQDMI in the Yellow River Basin are constructed. The findings have significant reference value for promoting the HQDMI in the Yellow River Basin and are helpful for improving the HQDMI research

Research on the Construction and Measurement of the HQDMI Evaluation Index System—A Case Study of China

Scientific and accurate evaluations of the high-quality development level of the manufacturing industry have important theoretical significance and reference value for the government and for decision-making departments for the formulation of corresponding incentive measures. Firstly, based on rough set theory, this paper proposes an attribute reduction method, which can help to delete redundant indexes and reduce the calculation workload. Secondly, a more scientific combination weighting method is proposed, and the calculation method of the total index in an evaluation index system is given. Finally, the HQDMI evaluation index system is constructed based on the connotations of the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Taking China as an example, the total index and sub-index of high-quality development of 30 provinces in China are calculated, the high-quality development level of the manufacturing industry in 30 provinces is clustered based on SPSS24.0, and the visualization of the clustering results is achieved by ArcGIS software. The results show that the high-quality development level of China’s manufacturing industry has regional distribution characteristics. Regions with high development levels are mainly distributed in eastern coastal areas, followed by the central development level, and those of the northeast and west are low. This study provides a theoretical application mode for the evaluation of the high-quality development level of the manufacturing industry, and it has theoretical guidance significance for promoting the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry

Strain Tuning via Larger Cation and Anion Codoping for Efficient and Stable Antimony-Based Solar Cells

Strain induced by lattice distortion is one of the key factors that affect the photovoltaic performance via increasing defect densities. The unsatisfied power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of solar cells based on antimony chalcogenides (Sb-Chs) are owing to their photoexcited carriers being self-trapped by the distortion of Sb2S3 lattice. However, strain behavior in Sb-Chs-based solar cells has not been investigated. Here, strain tuning in Sb-Chs is demonstrated by simultaneously replacing Sb and S with larger Bi and I ions, respectively. Bi/I codoped Sb2S3 cells are fabricated using poly[2,6-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-enzothiadiazole)] as the hole-transporting layer. Codoping reduced the bandgap and rendered a bigger tension strain (1.76 x 10(-4)) to a relatively smaller compression strain (-1.29 x 10(-4)). The 2.5 mol% BiI3 doped Sb2S3 cell presented lower trap state energy level than the Sb2S3 cell; moreover, this doping amount effectively passivated the trap states. This codoping shows a similar trend even in the low bandgap Sb-2(SxSe1-x)(3) cell, resulting in 7.05% PCE under the standard illumination conditions (100 mW cm(-2)), which is one of the top efficiencies in solution processing Sb-2(SxSe1-x)(3) solar cells. Furthermore, the doped cells present higher humidity, thermal and photo stability. This study provides a new strategy for stable Pb-free solar cells

Attention-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Pavement Crack Detection

Achieving high detection accuracy of pavement cracks with complex textures under different lighting conditions is still challenging. In this context, an encoder-decoder network-based architecture named CrackResAttentionNet was proposed in this study, and the position attention module and channel attention module were connected after each encoder to summarize remote contextual information. The experiment results demonstrated that, compared with other popular models (ENet, ExFuse, FCN, LinkNet, SegNet, and UNet), for the public dataset, CrackResAttentionNet with BCE loss function and PRelu activation function achieved the best performance in terms of precision (89.40), mean IoU (71.51), recall (81.09), and F1 (85.04). Meanwhile, for a self-developed dataset (Yantai dataset), CrackResAttentionNet with BCE loss function and PRelu activation function also had better performance in terms of precision (96.17), mean IoU (83.69), recall (93.44), and F1 (94.79). In particular, for the public dataset, the precision of BCE loss and PRelu activation function was improved by 3.21. For the Yantai dataset, the results indicated that the precision was improved by 0.99, the mean IoU was increased by 0.74, the recall was increased by 1.1, and the F1 for BCE loss and PRelu activation function was increased by 1.24

Dietary Yucca schidigera extract improved growth performance and liver antioxidative function in broilers

In this study, we tested the effects of Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) on the growth performance in broilers, and furthermore, its effects on antioxidative enzyme activities and corresponding gene in the liver of broilers. A total of 128 14-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four treatments: maize-soybean meal as the basal control diet and the basal diet containing 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg of YSE, respectively, in this study. Each treatment was consisted of four replicate pens with eight broilers per pen. The experiment lasted 28 days. Average daily gain (ADG), average feed intake (AFI) and feed efficiency (FE) were recorded during grower period (d 15 to d 28) and finisher period (d 29 to d 42), respectively. On day 28 and 42, liver samples were collected to analyse superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and gene expressions of SOD, CAT, GPx. The results showed that during grower period, there was no difference on growth performance, while CAT activity and its gene expression were increased at 200 mg/kg YSE level. During finisher period, 100 mg/kg YSE supplementation enhanced ADG, and 100 and 200 mg/kg YSE groups improved FE. T-AOC was improved at both 200 and 300 mg/kg. 300 mg/kg supplementation of YSE enhanced GPx and SOD activity, and decreased MDA concentration. GPx gene expression was up-regulated at 300 mg/kg level. In conclusion, YSE promoted growth performance in broilers as well as exhibited liver antioxidative ability during finisher period

Comprehensive characterization of T-DNA integration induced chromosomal rearrangement in a birch T-DNA mutant

Abstract Background Integration of T-DNA into plant genomes via Agrobacterium may interrupt gene structure and generate numerous mutants. The T-DNA caused mutants are valuable materials for understanding T-DNA integration model in plant research. T-DNA integration in plants is complex and still largely unknown. In this work, we reported that multiple T-DNA fragments caused chromosomal translocation and deletion in a birch (Betula platyphylla × B. pendula) T-DNA mutant yl. Results We performed PacBio genome resequencing for yl and the result revealed that two ends of a T-DNA can be integrated into plant genome independently because the two ends can be linked to different chromosomes and cause chromosomal translocation. We also found that these T-DNA were connected into tandem fragment regardless of direction before integrating into plant genome. In addition, the integration of T-DNA in yl genome also caused several chromosomal fragments deletion. We then summarized three cases for T-DNA integration model in the yl genome. (1) A T-DNA fragment is linked to the two ends of a double-stranded break (DSB); (2) Only one end of a T-DNA fragment is linked to a DSB; (3) A T-DNA fragment is linked to the ends of different DSBs. All the observations in the yl genome supported the DSB repair model. Conclusions In this study, we showed a comprehensive genome analysis of a T-DNA mutant and provide a new insight into T-DNA integration in plants. These findings would be helpful for the analysis of T-DNA mutants with special phenotypes

Heteroleptic Tin-Antimony Sulfoiodide for Stable and Lead-free Solar Cells

The quaternary chalcogenide halides of group IV and V elements have attracted much attention due to their interesting semiconducting properties as well as a suitable band gap for solar cells. Here, for the first time, we report on solar cells using tin-antimony sulfoiodide (Sn2SbS2I3). Sn2SbS2I3 solar cells were fabricated using a chemical single-step deposition process with a solution containing a SbCl3-thiourea complex and SnI2 with the configuration of TiO2 and poly [2,6-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-enzothiadiazole)] as the electron- and hole-transporting layers, respectively. The best-performing cell exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 4.04% under the illumination of standard AM 1.5G conditions (100 mW cm(-2)) These unencapsulated cells exhibited good stabilities at 80% relative humidity, 85 degrees C in air, and under illumination, respectively. These results provide guidelines for fabrication of lead-free heteroleptic perovskite solar cells by hosting divalent or combinations of monovalent and trivalent metal cations

Cu2S@ N, S dual-doped carbon matrix hybrid as superior anode materials for lithium/sodium ion batteries

CuS is considered as a promising electrode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries owing to its flat charge-discharge plateau as well as the abundant reserves. However, serious capacity fading and formation of polysulfides during electrochemical process restrict its practical application. In this work, a new type of CuS@N, S dual-doped carbon matrix (CuS@NSCm) hybrid is synthesized through a simple in-situ polymerization process and subsequent carbonization process. Due to the N, S dual-doped carbon matrix, which can buffer the volume change, restrain the dissolution of polysulfide and enhance the electron conductivity during electrochemical process, the hybrid demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance. The CuS@NSCm hybrid exhibits a reversible capacity of 560.1 mAh g at a current density of 1000 mA g after 550 cycles when used in lithium-ion batteries, which is among the best performance for CuS based anode materials. Moreover, a capacity of 182.3 mAh g is obtained after 50 cycles when used as an anode material in sodium ion batteries, which is much better than the pure CuS

Dietary Artemisia ordosica extract alleviating immune stress in broilers exposed to lipopolysaccharide

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Artemisia ordosica extract (AOE) on broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 96 one-day-old Arbour Acres broilers were assigned in 2 × 2 factorial design, including two dietary treatments (0 or 1000 mg/kg AOE) and two immunological challenge (saline or LPS). on d 14, 16, 18 and 20, broilers were injected intra-abdominally with LPS solution (the LPS was dissolved in sterile saline at a concentration of 100 μg/mL) at 500 μg/kg of base weight, or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Blood samples were collected on d 21 and 28. During LPS-challenged periods (days 15–21), AOE alleviated the compromised average daily gain and average daily feed intake (p < .05) in broilers challenged with LPS. On day 21, the LPS challenge increased (p < .05) serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticosterone, interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A, decreased (p < .05) the content of serum growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. However, diet supplemented with AOE reduced the elevation of serum corticosterone (p = .054), interleukin-2 (p < .05), immunoglobulin A (p < .05) and immunoglobulin G (p = .079) caused by LPS on day 21. After a week’s recovery, on d 28, AOE reduced the serum interleukin-6 content (p < .05). It may be that AOE exert its beneficial effect on broilers challenged with LPS by lessening the inflammatory cytokines and stress hormone, weakening the over activated immune system and finally, improving the growth performance