P2DM-RGCD: PPDM Centric Classification Rule Generation Scheme

In present day applications the approach of data mining and associated privacy preservation plays a significant role for ensuring optimal mining function. The approach of privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) emphasizes on ensuring security of private information of the participants. On the contrary majority of present mining applications employ the vertically partitioned data for mining utilities. In such scenario when the overall rule is divided among participants, some of the parties remain with fewer rules sets and thus the classification accuracy achieved by them always remain questionable. On the other hand, the consideration of private information associated with any part will violate the approach of PPDM. Therefore, in order to eliminate such situations and to provide a facility of rule regeneration in this paper, a highly robust and efficient rule regeneration scheme has been proposed ensures optimal classification accuracy without using any critical user information for rule generation. The proposed system developed a rule generation function called cumulative dot product (P2DM-RGCD) rule regeneration scheme. The developed algorithm generates two possible optimal rule generation and update functions based on cumulative updates and dot product. The proposed system has exhibited optimal response in terms of higher classification accuracy, minimum information loss and optimal training efficiency

CLOT PROMOTING AND DISSOLVING PROPERTIES OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS) SAP, VALIDATING ITS USE IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

Objective: To investigate the biochemical events that are associated with the skin softening, cleansing and wound healing properties of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) sap extract.Methods: Preparation of cucumber sap extract (CSE). Assay of CSE for proteolytic activity, plasma re-calcification time, APTT, PT, thrombin-like activity, plasmin-like activity, and effect on platelet aggregation and wound healing property by physical, biochemical and histological examinations. Appropriate positive and negative controls were maintained wherever necessary.Results: CSE decreased the plasma re-calcification time and prothrombin time (PT) and showed factor VII (pro-convertin) like activity. EGTA or EDTA pre-treated CSE did not alter the plasma recalcification time and PT. CSE readily hydrolyzed the plasma clot and azocasein; while, IAA pre-treated CSE did not hydrolyze the plasma clot and azocasein. CSE inhibited the agonists collagen, ADP and epinephrine induced platelet aggregation in PRP in the order epinephrine>collagen>ADP with the respective IC50 of 22 ± 2.5, 20 ± 3 and 11 ± 2 µg/ml. PMSF pre-treated but not IAA and EDTA pre-treated CSE lost the platelet aggregation inhibition property. Further, CSE augmented wound healing process including the scar removal in a mouse model. The SOD, CAT, GSH activities and hydroxyproline, hexosamine and hexuronic acid contents were increased while, NO, LPO and MPO activities were decreased compared to control values. Histological study revealed accelerated wound healing involving epithelialisation and re-formation of skin following CSE treatment compared to Neosporin.Conclusion: CSE contain metallo-, serine and cysteine proteases, and interfere in clot formation, dissolution and wound healing process, which validates the use of cucumber as cosmetics and to treat wounds by traditional healers.Â

Effects of Neonatal Stress on Ovarian Follicular Reserve and Initial Follicular Waves in Rats

The study tested the hypothesis that stress experienced during neonatal life alters follicular reserve and onset of initial follicular waves. Rat pups immediately after their birth (postnatal day 1) were randomly segregated into three groups and the first group pups were autopsied on postnatal day 1, second group served as controls and those in third group were exposed to a stressor (maternal separation 6 hours/ day) from postnatal day 1 to 3. Five pups in control and stress group were autopsied on postnatal day 4, 6 and 8. There was a significant increase in blood corticosterone level in stressed rats on postnatal day 4. Neonatal stress did not delay the timing of folliculogenesis and onset of initial follicular waves. However, mean number of oocytes, primordial and primary follicles on postnatal day 4, 6 and 8 was significantly lower in stressed rats compared to controls. Reduction in follicular number was due to increased rate of atresia which was assessed by TUNEL and caspase-3 assay. The results, for the first time, reveal that neonatal stress has dire consequence as it reduces the number of oocytes and primordial follicles (follicular reserve) which might curtail the reproductive lifespan of neonatally stressed rats

SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN GRAZING FORAGE SYSTEMS AND CUT AND REMOVED FORAGE SYSTEMS IN WALAWE REGION

Botanical composition and soil parameters of grazing and cut and removed forage systemsin five villages (Barawakumbuka, Manadala, Nonagama, Bolana, Ambalantotoa) Walaweregion were studied to observe the impact of different management systems on theproductivity of plant and soil characteristics. Herbage and soil samples were collectedrandomly using a quadrate (50*50cm2) from five grazing and five cut and removed sites.Samples (3 replicates) were collected three times from each locations during the followingperiods. Herbage from grazing lands consisted 85% grasses and 15% other species.Prostrate grass species such as Efeusine indica and Chrysopgon aciculatus, were dominantand improved groundcover. Moisture (20.04%) retention in the grazed soil wassignificantly increased due to the improvement of ground cover with increasing thepotential for soil conservation. Herbage collected from cut and removed sites consisted70% grasses and 30% other species.Dominant plants were tufted species such as Pennisetum polystachyon, Grewiacorpinifolia and Leucaena leucocepha. Moisture (6.13%) retention in these sites wassignificantly lower as compared with grazed sites.Soil collected from grazing sites had higher pH (7.88) as compared to the cut and removedsites (6.13). This may be due to recycling of nutrients via dung and urine. Threading byanimals, which may cause a packing of the soil particles and loss of the large pores in thesoil mass increased the bulk density (1.34 g/crrr') of the grazing sites as compared with thesoil of cut and removed sites (1.16 g/cnr'). This would have been reduced the porosity ofthe soil in grazing sites (24.96%) as compared to the soil in cut and removed sites(46.86%).AIthough the bulk density of the grazing soils was negatively affected bythreading, ground cover, moisture retention and spatial redistribution of mineral nutrientsare influenced by grazing management as compared with cut and removed systems.Therefore, it can be suggested that grazing management is more suitable for low inputoutput subsistence farming systems in the Walawe region.

Pre-Interventional Cardiac and ECG Changes in Acute Organophosphate Poisoning Cases Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital in India

Background: Cardiac complications are the less common fatal effect of acute organophosphate poisoning. This study was undertaken to analyze the pre-interventional cardiac and Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in acute organophosphate poisoning cases.Materials and Methods: Clinical records of acute organophosphate poisoning patients of age less than 50 years admitted to KLE’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka, from 01-01-2010 to 31-12-2010 were analyzed. Cases of organophosphate poisonings referred from other hospitals, poisoning with multiple agents, patients with history of previous cardiac diseases and coexisting medical conditions were excluded from the study. Poisoning Severity Score was calculated as per International Programme on Chemical Safety and patients were grouped into 3 grades.Results: In this study, 50 cases of acute organophosphate poisoning (male - 32; female - 18) were analyzed. Sinus tachycardia was present in 45 patients (90%), hypertension in 13 (26%) and hypotension in 12 (24%). Prolonged corrected QT interval was observed in 14 patients (28%), elevated ST segment in 2 (4%), inverted T wave in 13 (26%) and conduction defects in 1 (2%). Among 14 patients with prolonged corrected QT interval, 12 were in grade III and 2 in grade II severity; and, among 13 patients who had inverted T wave, 2 were in grade I, 4 in grade II and 7 in grade III severity. Acidosis, as assessed by blood pH and HCO3, was observed in 22 patients (44%).Conclusion: Fatal cardiac complications do occur in acute organophosphate poisoning, which are overlooked at times as the most common complications expected are respiratory complications. Higher incidence of ECG changes in Grade III cases suggests that if the cardiac complications develop, the patient should be immediately transferred to an intensive cardiac care unit

Secure Data Sharing in Cloud Computing: A Comprehensive Review

Cloud Computing is an emerging technology, which relies on sharing computing resources. Sharing of data in the group is not secure as the cloud provider cannot be trusted. The fundamental difficulties in distributed computing of cloud suppliers is Data Security, Sharing, Resource scheduling and Energy consumption. Key-Aggregate cryptosystem used to secure private/public data in the cloud. This key is consistent size aggregate for adaptable decisions of ciphertext in cloud storage. Virtual Machines (VMs) provisioning is effectively empowered the cloud suppliers to effectively use their accessible resources and get higher benefits. The most effective method to share information resources among the individuals from the group in distributed storage is secure, flexible and efficient. Any data stored in different cloud data centers are corrupted, recovery using regenerative coding. Security is provided many techniques like Forward security, backward security, Key-Aggregate cryptosystem, Encryption and Re-encryption etc. The energy is reduced using Energy-Efficient Virtual Machines Scheduling in Multi-Tenant Data Centers