Nanoparticle-mediated active and passive drug targeting in oral squamous cell carcinoma: current trends and advances

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an invasive and highly malignant cancer with significant morbidity and mortality. Existing treatments including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation have poor overall survival rates and prognosis. The intended therapeutic effects of chemotherapy are limited by drug resistance, systemic toxicity and adverse effects. This review explores advances in OSCC treatment, with a focus on lipid-based platforms (solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, lipid-polymer hybrids, cubosomes), polymeric nanoparticles, self-assembling nucleoside nanoparticles, dendrimers, magnetic nanovectors, graphene oxide nanostructures, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, gene therapy, folic acid receptor targeting, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor targeting, fibroblast activation protein targeting, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor targeting, biotin receptor targeting and transferrin receptor targeting. This review also highlights oncolytic viruses as OSCC therapy candidates.<br/

The biology, prevention, diagnosis and conservative treatment of dental caries: A review of newer advances in the field

Dental caries is a multifactorial, biofilm and pH mediated disease that affects people of all ages and disproportionally affects certain populations at epidemic proportions. Despite the overly optimistic claims of success in elimination of the disease, it still continues to torment a large portion of the population. The relationship between demineralization and remineralization can tip the caries balance in either direction- either towards arrest of the disease, or progress of the disease. Restoring teeth that are cavitated does not resolve the disease. Caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) is an evidence-based model intended to provide dentists with a protocol for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of caries by assessing and addressing a patient’s overall oral health, particularly the caries risk

The biology, prevention, diagnosis and conservative treatment of dental caries: A review of newer advances in the field

Dental caries is a multifactorial, biofilm and pH mediated disease that affects people of all ages and disproportionally affects certain populations at epidemic proportions. Despite the overly optimistic claims of success in elimination of the disease, it still continues to torment a large portion of the population. The relationship between demineralization and remineralization can tip the caries balance in either direction- either towards arrest of the disease, or progress of the disease. Restoring teeth that are cavitated does not resolve the disease. Caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) is an evidence-based model intended to provide dentists with a protocol for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of caries by assessing and addressing a patient’s overall oral health, particularly the caries risk