IMPACTO DA SUPERFÍCIE DO IMPLANTE NA ESTABILIDADE INICIAL E A LONGO PRAZO: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA

O objetivo do presente estudo é revisar e comparar os impactos das diferentes superfícies dos implantes foi alcançado, proporcionando uma visão abrangente sobre como essas modificações podem influenciar a estabilidade e o sucesso do tratamento implantodôntico. Bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, foram consultadas para obter artigos publicados. Em conclusão, o manejo avançado do trauma facial na prática bucomaxilofacial é uma disciplina dinâmica e desafiadora, permeada por contínuos avanços tecnológicos e clínicos. Em conclusão, os resultados desta análise destacam a importância crítica da superfície do implante na estabilidade inicial e a longo prazo. Implantes com superfícies tratadas, especialmente aqueles com rugosidade aumentada e características bioativas, demonstram uma melhor performance em termos de osseointegração e manutenção óssea. A aplicação de tecnologias avançadas de modificação de superfície promete continuar melhorando os resultados dos implantes dentários, beneficiando tanto os pacientes quanto os profissionais de odontologia

Characterisation of Solute Mobility in Hypercross-Linked Resins in Solvents of Different Polarity: Two Promising Supports for Catalysis

Two hypercross-linked resins stemming from a gel-type poly-chloromethylated styrene-divinylbenzene resin (GT) in beaded form are investigated with a combination of spectroscopic techniques (EPR and time-domain (TD)-NMR spectroscopy) to evaluate their use as supports for the development of operationally flexible heterogeneous metal catalysts, suitable to be employed in liquid and gas phase. The first resin (HGT) is the direct product of the hypercross-linking reaction, whereas the second one (HGS) is the sulphonated analogue of HGT obtained by exchanging approximately 3\u2005wt\u2009% of the chloromethyl groups with sulphonic groups. HGT and HGS absorb both polar and apolar solvents in the permanent nanoporosity created by the hypercross-linking, and NMR data highlight that the pore size is not affected by the different properties of the investigated liquid media. The EPR analysis of the dry resins reveals that during the hypercross-linking process paramagnetic species are formed in the HGT beads, which persist in the sulphonated resin. The mobility of solutes inside the polymers framework was investigated with EPR spectroscopy upon soaking the resins with solutions of two spin probes (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL)) in THF, toluene, n-heptane and water. The EPR spectra show that, depending on the solvent, the two resins can act as sorbents, able to trap the solutes in the polymer framework, or as simple supports that allow free diffusion of the solutes. Our results suggest that HGT and HGS are promising supporting materials for metal catalysts, provided one chooses carefully the solvent to be employed for the catalysed reaction as this choice strongly affects the mobility of the substrates and, thus their effective reactivity

Cross-linked polyvinyl polymers versus polyureas as designed supports for catalytically active M-0 nanoclustersPart III. Nanometer scale structure of the cross-linked polyurea support EnCat 30 and of the Pd-II/EnCat 30 and Pd-0/EnCat 30NP catalysts

The cross-linked polyurea support EnCat 30, its related macromolecular complex Pd(II)/EnCat 30 and its related Pd(0)/EnCat 30NP nanocomposite are thoroughly investigated with SEM, TEM, ISEC and ESR in the solid state (SEM and TEM) and swollen state in THF (ISEC and ESR). Pd(II)/EnCat 30 and its related Pd(0)/EnCat 30NP are obtained by microencapsulation of palladium acetate in a polyurea framework, which is formed upon hydrolysis/condensation of mixtures of multi-functional oligo-arylisocyanates in dichloroethane. Most remarkably, both Pd(II)/EnCat and Pd(0)/EnCat 30NP turn out to be far more (nano) porous and swellable materials than the blank polyurea matrix (EnCat 30). It is proposed that there is a strong nanostructural effect exerted by Pd(II) species due to its interaction with functional groups (amines stemming from the hydrolysis of the isocyanato groups or ureido groups belonging to the polymer chains) during the growth of the cross-linked polymer framework. As a consequence, the catalytic species in both Pd(II)/EnCat 30 and Pd(0)/EnCat 30NP are much more accessible to molecules diffusing from liquid phases in contact with the materials and, hence, are better catalysts than expected from the morphology of blank polyurea EnCat 30