Costing of Community Health Service Packages - The Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF) Experience

No Abstract Malawi Medical Journal Vol. 20 (1) 2008 pp. 7-1

Effect of Work Environment, Quality of System and Work Culture on Satisfaction of Accounting Information System User

The purpose of this study to explain the empirical evidence of the influence of the work environment, the quality of IT systems and work culture on the satisfaction of users of accounting information systems at PT XYZ. Sampling in this study uses nonprobability sampling methods that use criteria that employees who are sampled are employees using IT systems in his work with saturated sampling techniques, data was collected using a survey method with questionnaire techniques with respondents were employees at PT XYZ by analyzing the data using multiple linear regression. 216 questionnaires were distributed but only 124 questionnaires could be processed. The research results show that the work environment influences the satisfaction of cash system users, IT system quality influences the satisfaction of cash system users and work culture influences the satisfaction of cash system users. The results of hypothesis testing provide a synthesis that the better the work environment, the quality of IT systems and work culture, then the satisfaction of cash system users produced by employees at PT XYZ will be better too

Algorithm To Architecture Mapping Model (ATAMM) multicomputer operating system functional specification

A functional description of the ATAMM Multicomputer Operating System is presented. ATAMM (Algorithm to Architecture Mapping Model) is a marked graph model which describes the implementation of large grained, decomposed algorithms on data flow architectures. AMOS, the ATAMM Multicomputer Operating System, is an operating system which implements the ATAMM rules. A first generation version of AMOS which was developed for the Advanced Development Module (ADM) is described. A second generation version of AMOS being developed for the Generic VHSIC Spaceborne Computer (GVSC) is also presented

PENENTUAN DAERAH PENANGKAPAN POTENSIAL IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus sp.) BERDASARKAN CITRA SATELIT KLOROFIL-A DI PALABUHANRATU, JAWA BARAT

Sumberdaya ikan tongkol (Euthynnus sp.) adalah salah satu sumberdaya perikanan paling dominan dan bernilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi dan juga merupakan hasil perikanan yang menjadi target tangkapan nelayan. Salah satu parameter osenografis yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui informasi tersebut adalah klorofil-a. Pengukuran klorofil-a di suatu perairan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode langsung maupun metode tidak langsung (dengan menggunakan citra satelit). Salah satu satelit penginderaan jauh yang dapat mendeteksi dan menunjukkan klorofil-a adalah satelit Aqua-MODIS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan antara sebaran klorofil-a dengan hasil tangkapan dan menentukan daerah penangkapan potensial ikan tongkol di perairan Palabuhanratu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode analisis spasial. Data spasial primer di perairan Palabuhanratu berupa data klorofil-a, dan data produksi penangkapan ikan tongkol selama 5 tahun terakhir. Data primer tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan software dan dianalisis spasial secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat hubungan korelasi sangat lemah dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) yaitu 0,0811 dengan koefisien determinasinya sebesar 0,066. Berdasarkan dari hasil penilaian kategori DPI, terdapat dua titik koordinat yang termasuk kedalam kategori DPI potensial. Kata kunci: citra satelit, daerah penangkapan potensial, ikan tongkol, klorofil-AMackarel Tuna resources (Euthynnus sp) are one of the most dominant and high economic value fishery resources which are fishery products that are targeted for fishing catches. One of the oceanographic parameters that can be used is sea surface temperature. Measurement of chlorophyll-a can be done using the direct method or indirect. One of the remote sensing satellites that can detect and show chlorophyll-a is the Aqua - MODIS satellite. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlations between the distribution of chlorophyll-a with mackerel tuna catches and determine the potential catch areas of mackerel tuna on the Palabuhanratu. The research method used is the spatial analysis method. Primary spatial data on the Palabuhanratu consists of chlorophyll-a data, and production data on mackarel tuna for the last 5 years. The primary data is processed using software and analyzed spatially descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the level of correlation is very weak with the value of the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.0811 with a determination coefficient is 0.066. Based on the assessment of fishing area, there are 2 coordinate points of mackarel tuna fishing that can be categorized as potential fishing ground. Key words: chlorophyll-A, mackarel tuna, potential catching areas, satellite imager

Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Rendemen dan Nilai Kalor Minyak Hasil Pirolisis Sampah Plastik

Plastic waste is one type of waste that would disturb the environment if it is not handled properly. Alternative treatment to solve this problem is by using pyrolysis technology that enable to convert plastic waste into fuel oil, charcoal, and non-condensable gas. The success of pyrolysis technology is influenced by several factors, including the type of reactor, the particle size, the processing time, and the temperature of the pyrolysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature on the yield and the calorific value of plastic pyrolysis oil. Based on the experiments, increasing the temperature, the yield of the oil produced and calorific value will be higher. The yield and the highest calorific value generated for the pyrolysis process at a temperature of 400 0C, are 44% and 10,292 cal/ g respectively

Regulation of cell survival by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1P1 via reciprocal ERK-dependent suppression of bim and PI-3-kinase/protein kinase C-mediated upregulation of Mcl-1

Although the ability of bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) to positively regulate anti-apoptotic/pro-survival responses by binding to S1P1 is well known, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that expression of S1P1 renders CCL39 lung fibroblasts resistant to apoptosis following growth factor withdrawal. Resistance to apoptosis was associated with attenuated accumulation of pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Bim. However, although blockade of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation could reverse S1P1-mediated suppression of Bim accumulation, inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage was unaffected. Instead S1P1-mediated inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage was reversed by inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase C (PKC), which had no effect on S1P1 regulation of Bim. However, S1P1 suppression of caspase-3 was associated with increased expression of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1, the expression of which was also reduced by inhibition of PI3K and PKC. A role for the induction of Mcl-1 in regulating endogenous S1P receptor-dependent pro-survival responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was confirmed using S1P receptor agonist FTY720-phosphate (FTY720P). FTY720P induced a transient accumulation of Mcl-1 that was associated with a delayed onset of caspase-3 cleavage following growth factor withdrawal, whereas Mcl-1 knockdown was sufficient to enhance caspase-3 cleavage even in the presence of FTY720P. Consistent with a pro-survival role of S1P1 in disease, analysis of tissue microarrays from ER+ breast cancer patients revealed a significant correlation between S1P1 expression and tumour cell survival. In these tumours, S1P1 expression and cancer cell survival were correlated with increased activation of ERK, but not the PI3K/PKB pathway. In summary, pro-survival/anti-apoptotic signalling from S1P1 is intimately linked to its ability to promote the accumulation of pro-survival protein Mcl-1 and downregulation of pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Bim via distinct signalling pathways. However, the functional importance of each pathway is dependent on the specific cellular context

Timing of sentinel node biopsy independently predicts disease-free and overall survival in clinical stage I-II melanoma patients: A multicentre study of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) still remains a key procedure to appropriately stage melanoma patients and to select those who are candidate to novel treatments with immunotherapy and targeted therapy in the adjuvant setting. The impact of timing of SNB on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) is still unclear. Material and methods: The study was conducted at 6 Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI) centres and included 8953 consecutive clinical stage I-II melanoma patients who were diagnosed, treated, and followed up between November 1997 and March 2018. All patients were prospectively included in dedicated IMI database. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate how baseline characteristics and time interval until SNB are related to DFS and OS. Results: Considering the whole population, at multivariable analysis, after adjusting for age, gender, Breslow thickness, site, ulceration, and the SNB status, a delay in the timing of SNB was associated with a better DFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR, delayed versus early SNB] 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97\u20130.99, p < 0.001) and OS (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97\u20130.99, p = 0.001). Specifically, in patients with a negative SNB status, a beneficial impact of delayed SNB (i.e. at least 32 days after primary excision) was confirmed for DFS (aHR 0.70, 95%CI 0.63\u20130.79, p < 0.001) and OS (aHR 0.69, 95%CI 0.61\u20130.78, p < 0.001), whereas in those with a positive SNB status, DFS (aHR 0.96, 95%CI 0.84\u20131.09, p = 0.534) and OS (aHR 0.94 95%CI 0.81\u20131.08, p = 0.374) were not significantly different in patients with early or delayed SNB. Conclusions: Our study does not support a strict time interval for SNB. These results may be useful for national guidelines, for counselling patients and reducing the number of high urgency referrals