Rigid bronchoscopy in parturient: A balancing act

We report a case of bronchial tumour excision in a pregnant female using a combination of rigid and flexible bronchoscope under general anaesthesia. This case report highlights the anaesthetic considerations regarding airway management of the parturient during rigid bronchoscopy and measures for preservation of utero-placental perfusion. Foetal heart rate monitoring using portable ultrasonography as a point-of-care device has been emphasised

Studies on Chlorophyceae Diversity in Kolar Reservoir, Sehore (M.P.)

The present paper deals with the study of chlorophyceae in Kolar reservoir at the Lawakheri village, nearer space of dam having distance approximate 15-20 km through completely different months throughout the period of Oct. 2017 to March 2018. The ecological condition of reservoir conjointly studied until present date

Topicalisation of airway for awake fibre-optic intubation: Walking on thin ice

Topicalisation of the airway by various techniques has routinely been recommended for awake fibre-optic bronchoscopy in cases of difficult airway. However, topicalisation by itself can cause airway obstruction by decreasing the tone of the laryngeal muscles and causing a dynamic air inflow obstruction. Two cases of difficult airway are illustrated where anaesthetising upper airway with nebulisation with 4% lignocaine (Xylocaine™) or 2% lignocaine (Xylocaine™) jelly resulted in stridor and upper airway obstruction. This is the first reported case of airway obstruction after lignocaine (Xylocaine™) jelly. We would like to highlight that topicalisation of airway, once thought as a relatively safe technique, can cause airway collapse if not detected and anticipated at the earliest. Pre-operative spirometry and airway ultrasonography can be useful in detecting the patients at risk of developing airway obstruction. Using a nasopharyngeal airway during topicalisation can serve as a valuable device in preventing total airway obstruction in susceptible patients

Studies on Phytoplankton Diversity in Kolar Reservoir, Sehore (M.P)

In the present study its reveal that the phytoplankton diversity directly correlate with the aquatic ecosystem. In present study surface water sample of kolar reservoir collected in third week of each month throughout June 17 to March. 18. Total thirty eight genera of phytoplanktons were known out of fifteen then happiness from Chlorophyceae, seventeen belong from class, 6 belong from baciliriophycae and a couple of belong from class

Comparison of volume controlled ventilation and pressure controlled ventilation in patients undergoing robot-assisted pelvic surgeries: An open-label trial

Background and Aims: Although volume controlled ventilation (VCV) has been the traditional mode of ventilation in robotic surgery, recently pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) has been used more frequently. However, evidence on whether PCV is superior to VCV is still lacking. We intended to compare the effects of VCV and PCV on respiratory mechanics and haemodynamic in patients undergoing robotic surgeries in steep Trendelenburg position. Methods: This prospective, randomized trial was conducted on sixty patients between 20 and 70 years belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical Status I–II. Patients were randomly assigned to VCV group (n = 30), where VCV mode was maintained through anaesthesia, or the PCV group (n = 30), where ventilation mode was changed to PCV after the establishment of 40° Trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum. Respiratory (peak and mean airway pressure [APpeak, APmean], dynamic lung compliance [Cdyn] and arterial blood gas analysis) and haemodynamics variables (heart rate, mean blood pressure [MBP] central venous pressure) were measured at baseline (T1), post-Trendelenburg position at 60 min (T2), 120 min (T3) and after resuming supine position (T4). Results: Demographic profile, haemodynamic variables, oxygen saturation and minute ventilation (MV) were comparable between two groups. Despite similar values of APmean,APpeakwas significantly higher in VCV group at T2 and T3 as compared to PCV group (P < 0.001). Cdynand PaCO2were also better in PCV group than in VCV group (P < 0.001 and 0.045, respectively). Conclusion: PCV should be preferred in robotic pelvic surgeries as it offers lower airway pressures, greater Cdynand a better-preserved ventilation-perfusion matching for the same levels of MV

Biochemical Assays to Characterize Rho GTPases

Rho GTPases act as tightly regulated molecular switches governing a large variety of critical cellular functions. Their activity is controlled by two different biochemical reactions, the GDP/GTP exchange and the GTP hydrolysis. These very slow reactions require catalysis in cells by two kinds of regulatory proteins. While the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate small GTPases by stimulating the exchange of bound GDP for the cellular abundant GTP, GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) accelerate the intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis by several orders of magnitude, leading to their inactivation. There are a number of methods that can be used to characterize the specificity and activity of such regulators to understand the effect of binding on the protein structure and, ultimately, to gain insights into their biological functions. This chapter describes (1) detailed protocols for the expression and purification of Rho GTPases, of -effector-binding domains, and catalytic domains of GEFs and GAPs; (2) the preparation of nucleotide-free and fluorescent nucleotide-bound Rho GTPases; and (3) methods for monitoring the intrinsic and GEF-catalyzed nucleotide exchange, the intrinsic and GAP-stimulated GTP hydrolysis, and the effector interaction with active GTPase (three alternative approaches)