Calibration of CRL all-sky imagers using an integrating sphere

As part of an international collaboration with the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska, we have developed two all-sky imagers (CRL-ASIs). A sensitivity calibration of the CRL-ASIs was performed using an integrating sphere belonging to the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR). The two-dimensional sensitivities of the CRL-ASIs produced symmetrical distributions. Using this sensitivity data, we converted airglow/aurora images into two-dimensional distributions of absolute intensity. The sensitivity of the CRL-ASIs was measured for 13 wavelengths between 427.8 nm and 866.5 nm, and the relationship between the sensitivity and the wavelength was investigated for both imagers. The peak sensitivity occurred at about 550 nm

99mTc generator using molybdenum nanoparticles

The version of record of this article, first published in Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, is available online at Publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-09173-

Gut Cryptopatches Direct Evidence of Extrathymic Anatomical Sites for Intestinal T Lymphopoiesis

AbstractAthymic cytokine receptor γ chain mutant mice that lack the thymus, Peyer's patches, cryptopatches (CP), and intestinal T cells were reconstituted with wild-type bone marrow cells. Bone marrow–derived TCR− intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) first appeared within villous epithelia of small intestine overlying the regenerated CP, and these TCR− IEL subsequently emerged throughout the epithelia. Thereafter, TCR+ IEL increased to a comparable number to that in athymic mice and consisted of TCRγδ and TCRαβ IEL. In gut-associated lymphoid tissues of wild-type mice, only CP harbored a large population of c-kithighIL-7R+CD44+Thy-1+/−CD4+/−CD25low/−αEβ7−Lin− (Lin, lineage markers) lymphocytes that included cells expressing germline but not rearranged TCRγ and TCRβ gene transcripts. These findings provide direct evidence that gut CP develop progenitor T cells for extrathymic IEL descendants

Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances and Plasma Bubbles Observed by an All-Sky Airglow Imager at Yonaguni, Japan

We report on night time air glow imaging observations of the low latitude ionosphere by means of a 630-m all-sky imager in stalled in March 2006 at Yonaguni, Japan (24.5°N, 123.0°E; 14.6°N geomagnetic), about 100 km east of Taiwan. The imager detected medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) for about 7 hours on the night of 26 May 2006. A dense GPS net work in Japan also ob served the same MSTID event on this night. The imager and GEONET data indicate that most of the MSTIDs prop a gated south west ward from the north of Japan to the south of Yonaguni and Taiwan over 4000 km, with a southern limit of 19°N (geomagnetic latitude 9°N) or lower. On the night of 10 November 2006, the imager observed two weak emission bands that were embedded on the F-region anomaly crest to the south of Yonaguni. The simultaneous electron density profiles from the FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC mission demonstrate that the weak emission bands are due to density depletions in equatorial plasma bubbles. These case studies suggest that the Yonaguni imager in collaboration with other instruments is very suit able for the study of ionospheric disturbances in and around the northern F-region anomaly crest

The first Japanese biobank of patient‐derived pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenograft models

A lack of practical resources in Japan has limited preclinical discovery and testing of therapies for pediatric relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which has poor outcomes. Here, we established 57 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in NOD.Cg-Prkdcscidll2rgtm1Sug/ShiJic (NOG) mice and created a biobank by preserving PDX cells including three extramedullary relapsed ALL PDXs. We demonstrated that our PDX mice and PDX cells mimicked the biological features of relapsed ALL and that PDX models reproduced treatment-mediated clonal selection. Our PDX biobank is a useful scientific resource for capturing drug sensitivity features of pediatric patients with ALL, providing an essential tool for the development of targeted therapies

Novel and Simple Ultrasonographic Methods for Estimating the Abdominal Visceral Fat Area

Objectives. To evaluate the abdominal visceral fat area (VFA), we developed novel ultrasonographic (US) methods for estimating. Methods. 100 male volunteers were recruited, and their VFA was calculated by two novel US methods, the triangle method and the ellipse method. The VFA calculated by these methods was compared with the VFA calculated by CT. Results. Both the VFA calculated by the triangle method (r=0.766, p<0.001) and the ellipse method (r=0.781, p<0.001) showed a high correlation coefficient with the VFA calculated by CT. Also, the VFA calculated by our novel methods were significantly increased in subjects with one or more metabolic risk factors than in those without any risk factors. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients obtained using the two methods were enhanced by the addition of multiple regression analysis (with the triangle method, r=0.8586, p<0.001; with the ellipse method, r=0.8642, p<0.001). Conclusions. The VFA calculated by the triangle or ellipse method showed a high correlation coefficient with the VFA calculated by CT. These US methods are easy to use, they involve no radiation exposure, and the measurements can be conducted frequently. We hope that our simple methods would be widely adopted for the evaluation of VFA

Review Article : Feudalism or Absolute Monarchism?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68809/2/10.1177_009770049001600304.pd