Phytochemical analysis, phenolic content, antioxidant, antibacterial, insecticidal and cytotoxic activites of Allium reuterianum Boiss. extracts

290-298Dried bulbs and leaves of Allium reuterianum were extracted with different solvents and evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial, insecticidal, in vitro cytotoxic activities. The obtained results indicated that the highest compound 3, 4-dihidroksi benzoic acid with 166.2 µg/g in extracts. The ethanolic extracts had the highest phenolic content and acetone extracts had the lowest fenolic content. In the β-carotene-linoleic acid test system, bulb methanol (ABM) and leaf methanol (ALM) extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. The mean antioxidant activity of ABM and ALM were 75.76±1.22% and 73.42±1.03%, respectively. The highest ferric-reducing power of extract (ABM) was determined 12.75±0.010 trolox equivalent (mg/g). Methanolic extract (ALM) exhibited a dose-dependent scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC50 values of 0.512±0.003 mg/mL and 0.378±0.002 mg/mL respectively. Very strong reduction of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus growth were observed during incubation of bacteria in bulb extracts (MIC was 20±1.01 μg/mL). The brine shrimp lethality assay of bulb extract has showed good toxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with LC50 of 3.987 μg/mL. The bulb extract of A. reuterianum showed highest larvicidal activity against Cx. pipiens with value LC50 (6.4129 μg/mL). The results suggest that these plants could be used as a source of natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents

Phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, larvacidal against Culex pipiens, and cytotoxic activities of Hyacinthella lineata steudel extracts

This study reports the phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, larvacidal, and cytotoxic activity of methanol and acetone extracts of Hyacinthella lineata leaves and bulbs. The phenolic composition of H. lineata was determined by HPLC. The most abundant component was gallic acid (421.9µg/g). The β-carotene/DPPH/ABTS/FRAP decoloration method was used to estimate the total antioxidant activity. The total antioxidant activity was the highest for bulb-methanol fraction (65.41 ± 0.05%). The total phenolic content for leaves-methanol extract of the plant was determined as 6.56 ± 4.027mg/mL gallic acid equivalents. Analysis of the antibacterial activity showed that the methanolic-bulb extract are efficient against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The cytotoxic effect on Artemia salina was assessed by Brine shrimp assay. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed that LC50 values of HBM were obtained as 4.105 ± 2.42μg/ml. The bulb extract of H. lineata showed the highest larvicidal activity against Cx pipiens with value LC50 (64.3275μg/ml). This study suggested that H. lineata may be used as a potential source of antioxidant, and for their biological activity, cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Screening of some biological activities of Alyssum fulvescens var. fulvescens known as ege madwort

In this research, the phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the methanolic extracts obtained from Alyssum fulvescens var. fulvescens aerial parts known as Ege kuduzotu in western Turkey, were firstly investigated. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by DPPH, metal chelating, phosphomolybdenum, β-carotene/linoleic acid and ferric reducing power assays. Moreover, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were investigated. The brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality test was used to investigate for the possible cytotoxic activity of the extract. Microdilution broth method was used to study antibacterial potency of extract against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The extract exhibited good biological activities. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were significantly correlated with antioxidant potentials. HPLC analysis showed that chlorogenic acid was the major phenolic in extract tested. The results indicated that the extract of A. fulvescens var. fulvescens may be considered as a potential source of biological agents and in vivo investigations are needed to test the biological effects of A. fulvescens var. fulvescens

İnsektisit aktivite gösteren bitkisel sekonder metabolitler ve etki mekanizması

Although insecticides are used to protect our food supply, the negative health effects of insecticides may indicate that they do more harm than good. Alternative control methods include biologic control and biotechnological methods which chemicals are not or restrictedly used. Natural insecticides play important role on biotechnological methods. They are sophisticated compounds which are effective against target organisms, are safe to the environment and can be used without undue hazards to the operators or consumers because they are already present in nature. Because of these advantages, commercial preparats of some plant extracts are made and being used on control of some pests. In this study, plant secondary metabolites which insecticidal activity showing, essential oils and their effects mechanism have been reviewed. © 2017, Marmara University. All rights reserved

Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities of Crocus alatavicus from Kazakhstan

Phytochemical analysis of C. alatavicus revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, amino acids and carbohydrates. The flavonoid, amino acids and carotenoid contents were higher in aerial part (1.50%, 7.49% and 9.78mg%, respectively) than in bulb (0.43%, 3.88% and 0.91 mg%, respectively). Total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant (TAA), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of water, methanol, ethanol and dichloromethane extracts from aerial part and bulb were tested. TPC ranged from 13.63 to 72.29 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract. The maximum TAA were observed in ethanol (61.34%) and methanol extracts (46.13%) from aerial part with a high TPC (72.29 and 62.37 mgGAE/g extract, respectively). Ethanol extracts from aerial part and bulb had good scavenger of DPPH radicals (65.5% and 54.08%, respectively) with an IC50 387 and 447 µg/ml. Ethanol extract from aerial part was most effective against gram-positive bacterial strains S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. Biological activities of the extracts were correlated with the TPC. It can be deduced that ethanol and methnol extracts of C. alatavicus contains useful potent bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

Effects of Cyclamen trochopteranthum on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes

The modulatory effects of the Cyclamen trochopterantum tuber extract on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, including aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H; CYP2E1), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD; CYP1A), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD; CYP1A), caffeine N-demethylase (C3ND; CYP1A2) aminopyrene N-demethylase (APND; CYP2C6), and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND; CYP3A1), were examined in vivo in rats. The activities of all of these enzymes were induced by the cyclamen extract. In addition, Western-blot and RT-PCR results clearly showed that CYP2E1, CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and CYP2C6 protein and mRNA levels were substantially increased by four different doses of cyclamen. Although, the CYP3A1 protein level was increased significantly, the mRNA level was not changed. These results indicate that cyclamen tuber extract might have a potential not only to inhibit and/or induce the metabolism of certain co-administered drugs but also influence the development of toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the induction of the cytochrome P450-dependent drug-metabolizing enzymes

Cytotoxic activities of certain medicinal plants on different cancer cell lines

Objectives: In recent years, the use of plants for the prevention and treatment of cancer is gaining more attention due to their diverse range of phytochemical constituents and fewer adverse effects. In this study, four medicinal plant species from the Kars province of Turkey were investigated for their cytotoxic potential against six different cancer cell lines and one normal cell line. Materials and Methods: MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was performed to assess cytotoxic activity and apoptotic effect was determined using flow cytometry and caspase-3 analyses. Results: Significant cytotoxicity (≥70%) was observed with the leaf extract of Artemisia absinthium on A-549, CCC-221, K-562, MCF-7, PC-3 cells, whereas seed extracts caused significant cytotoxicity (≥70%) on CCC-221, K-562, MCF-7, PC-3 cells. Selective cytotoxicity was obtained with leaf extract on A-549 and K-562 cells; and with seed extract on K-562, MCF-7 and PC-3 cells compared with normal Beas-2B cells. The levels of cytotoxicity for both extracts were time- and dose-dependent at lower concentrations. Moreover, selective cytotoxicity (78%) was detected on A-549 cells with the seed extract of Plantago major. Cytotoxicity of extracts from Hyoscyamus niger and Amaranthus retrosa ranged between 10% and 30%. Conclusion: A. absinthium extracts and P. major seed extract have potential for development as therapeutic agents for cytotoxicity on certain cancer cells following further investigation. © Turk J Pharm Sci, Published by Galenos Publishing House

Introduction and Evaluation of the Wood Preservative potentials of the Poisonous Sternbergia canadidum extracts

The ability of Sternbergia candida (SB Candidum Mathew Treated blocks were exposed to P. placenta and T. versicolor attack for 12 weeks by the soil block method. Only extract dosages of 0.25 and 0.75% were found efficacious in suppressing attack. A tukey studentized test found both dosages significant at 5% level. In conclusion, the poisonous extracts could be used as effective wood preservative when concentration was adjusted

Editorial

Dear Colleagues,Second volume of the second issue of our online journal "International Journal of Secondary Metabolites in (IJSM)" has been published. Our journal has got a group of referees who are prominent experts in the field of secondary metabolites and they are committed to working with dedication for the publication of each issue. Apart from this, people who are experts in the field are also asked to contribute evaluating the articles submitted to the journal.We would like to thank our colleagues who helped us immeasurably with publishing the Vol. 2, Issue 2 and we would like to kindly invite those who want to work with us in the coming issues as well.We are looking forward to receiving your new submissions. With respect and gratitude.Prof. Dr. Ramazan MAMMADOV                                                               Editor of IJSM  Saygıdeğer meslektaşlarımız,“International Journal of Secondary Metabolite” adlı dergimizin Vol.2 No 2 sayısı yayınlanmıştır. Derginin ikincil metabolitler alanında çalışma deneyimine sahip ve kendini derginin her bir sayısının çıkarılmasında özveri ile çalışmaya adamış olan bir hakem grubu vardır. Bunun dışında, dergiye gönderilen makalelerin değerlendirme sürecinde de, alanında uzman olan kişiler destek vermiştir.Derginin Vol.2 No.2 sayısının yayınlanmasında bize her türlü desteği veren meslektaşlarımıza şükranlarımızı sunarız. Gelecek sayılarda bizimle çalışmak isteyen bilim insanlarını dergimize davet ediyor ve yayınlarınızı bekliyoruz.Hepinize saygılar ve sevgiler.</p