The effect of group logotherapy on the life expectancy of cancer patients in the north of Iran: a quasi-experimental study

Introduction: Cancer as a formidable diagnosis causes the loss of life expectancy in patients. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of logotherapy on the life expectancy of cancer patients in the 5th Azar Hospital of Gorgan, Iran. Material and methods: This quasi-experimental study with two groups (intervention group and control group) was conducted on 40 cancer patients referred to Gorgan’s 5 Azar hospital in Golestan province in the north of Iran from 1 March 2019 to 1 December 2019. The samples were selected by simple random sampling method. The Snyder’s Hope Scale (AHS) was used for data collection. In the logotherapy group, eight 60–90 minute-long sessions were performed in 4 groups included 5 participants. The data were analyzed by SPSS-16 statistical software using descriptive statistics (mean table and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test and ANOVA test). Results: The result of the paired t-test showed no significant difference before and after the intervention in the control group (p = 0.67), but this test showed a significant difference in the intervention group before and after the intervention (p = 0.01). The ANOVA test also showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of logotherapy on increasing the life expectancy of cancer people, it is recommended that relevant authorities should try to use this low-cost method to address the problems related to the meaning of life and life expectancy in cancer patients, and change the attitude of patients towards life expectancy

The Relationship between Spiritual Health and Hope by Adherence to the Medication Regimen in the Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Due to the increasing number of elderly people in Iran, as well as chronic diseases, such as diabetes, in the elderly, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and hope with adherence to the medication regimens in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the diabetes clinic of 22 Bahman Hospital in Gonabad, Iran. The data were collected using the demographic information form, Herth Hope Index (HHI), Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well Being Scale, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) by interview method. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Spearman coefficient in SPSS software. Findings: Most of the participants had high spiritual health, high hope, and low adherence to medication regimen. In addition, spiritual health was directly related to treatment adherence (P 0.05). Conclusion: High hope in an elderly person cannot be a reason for good adherence to medication regimen, but for appropriate medication adherence, it is necessary for the elderly to have correct and sufficient information about their medication and treatment plan