The Lantern Vol. 42, No. 1, Fall 1975

• The House • The Empty Man • Time • Corporea • Take Me • Elements of Nature • Hope • Acclimation • Road to Elat • Sinai • Jerusalem • Fatman • Ode to Grand Rapids • Ode to Cora • The Apple Cart • Next Time You\u27re Down South • Star Wreck • Eulogy to John Doe • A Postal Preoccupation • The Interview May Be Real (But Don\u27t Bet On It) • Winter Eve • My Love • God\u27s Children • A View From a Hill • Freedom For Us • Sleep Demonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1107/thumbnail.jp

Hospitality and tourism VET in schools: Teachers - the missing ingredient

Students undertaking vocational education and training (VET) in school comprise a rapidly growing component of Australia's VET system, with numbers reaching in excess of 100,000 by the Year 2000, representing around 8% of Australia's vocational students (ANTA, 2002). The inclusion of VET in schools has meant changes to curricula, structures, industry partnerships-and changes in the specialisations of teachers. Finding suitably qualified teachers for classroom delivery of VET has become a pressing issue. The University of Queensland explored the need for a teacher education program for hospitality and tourism teachers, conducting an analysis of the demand for specialist VET teachers, a focus group involving key stakeholders to explore issues surrounding the provision of these teachers, and identified appropriate pathways for their education. This paper reports on the context and background of VET in schools, recommendations of the focus group and the development of a program by the university

The Politics, Power, and Pathologies of International Organizations.

Do international organizations really do what their creators intend them to do? In the past century the number of international organizations (1Os) has increased exponentially, and we have a variety of vigorous theories to explain why they have been created. Most of these theories explain IO creation as a response to problems of incomplete information, transaction costs, and other barriers to Pareto efficiency and welfare improvement for their members. Research flowing from these theories, however, has paid little attention to how IOs actually behave after they are created. Closer scrutiny would reveal that many IOs stray from the efficiency goals these theories impute and that many IOs exercise power autonomously in ways unintended and unanticipated by states at their creation. Understanding how this is so requires a reconsideration of IOs and what they do. In this article we develop a constructivist approach rooted in sociological institutionalism to explain both the power of IOs and their propensity for dysfunctional, even pathological, behavior. Drawing on long-standing Weberian arguments about bureaucracy and sociological institutionalist approaches to organizational behavior, we argue that the rational-legal authority that IOs embody gives them power independent of the states that created them and channels that power in particular directions. Bureaucracies, by definition, make rules, but in so doing they also create social knowledge. They define shared international tasks (like "development"), create and define new categories of actors (like "refugee"), create new interests for actors (like "promoting human rights"), and transfer models of political organization around the world (like markets and democracy.) However, the same normative valuation on impersonal, generalized rules that defines bureaucracies and makes them powerful in We are grateful t

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

Cape Elizabeth Culvert and Habitat Assessment Study

Executive Summary: In early 2017, Jake Aman, representing the Wells National Estuary Research Reserve (WNERR), met with the Cape Elizabeth Public Works Director and Town Planner to talk about culverts. Jake shared aerial photos of culverts located in the Spurwink Marsh where scouring of adjacent habitat areas was evident. He inquired if the town was considering any culvert replacements, in which case WNERR and The Nature Conservancy might be able to partner with the town to promote a habitat sensitive replacement. The outcome of the meeting was a jointly sponsored assessment of major town culverts, including those located in the Spurwink Marsh. The resulting Culvert and Habitat Assessment Study, funded with a grant from the Maine Coastal Program, is the first town infrastructure evaluation concentrating on culvert infrastructure. Incorporating habitat impacts into the study modernized the town\u27s more traditional approach to infrastructure planning and broadened the perspective for managing stormwater. The elements of the study were organized by a stakeholder group including town representatives, civil engineers, and habitat experts. Collaboration by these groups promoted sharing of information, broadening of perspectives and more nuanced problem solving. A comprehensive data base was developed by field visits to the 16 most significant culverts. Data was collected for each culvert using a form designed for the project. A subset of 6 culverts were selected for preliminary hydraulic analyses, conceptual replacement and cost estimates. All culvert analyses included a habitat impact assessment. A discussion about possible road removal also was initiated, and needs further data collection and evaluation. The assessment identified as the priority for replacement a culvert that was not a high priority prior to the study. The culvert, located at Willow Brook (rather than the typical location under a road) is in poor condition. It is located 200\u27 upstream of the Spurwink Marsh (rated high value for wildlife habitat). Immediately above the culvert are two sewer lines. If there is structural failure of the culvert, in addition to impacts from inevitable stormwater flooding, there may also be impacts from structural failure of the sewer lines. The study has created several valuable products. It has created a data base for municipal capital improvement planning for culverts. It has identified an immediate infrastructure priority. It has meshed traditional infrastructure management with a multi-level habitat assessment. More broadly, the study has created a culvert assessment model that will guide future infrastructure planning in Cape Elizabeth and is easily adaptable for other municipalities