Polymeric films based on blends of 6FDA-6FpDA polyimide plus several copolyfluorenes for CO2 separation

Producción CientíficaThree emitting copolyfluorenes, based on 2,7-(9,9-dihexyl)fluorene and different aryl groups (1,4-bencene, PFH-B; 1,4-bencen-1,2,5-thiadiazole PFH-BT; 1,4-naphthalen- 1,2,5-thiadiazole, PFH-NT), showing diverse acceptor character, in different proportions were blended with a polyimide 6FDA-6FpDA to make a series of films. These copolyfluorene-polyimide blends were prepared and characterized in solid state, using several techniques. The fluorescence of conjugated polymers can be used as a tool to understand the formation of the membrane and also to increase permeability and selectivity in comparison to films without fluorescence. The relationship between the intrinsic fluorescence of conjugated polyfluorenes and their gas separation properties has been explored in order to establish the influence of the composition and the nature of the aryl group, in the conjugated polymer, on the gas separation performances. In all cases, a low proportion of copolyfluorenes (< 1%weight) gives better CO2/CH4 permselectivity properties than the original pure polyimide matrix. The best results were found for the samples that contain PFH-NT. This sample gives 25 % increase in the CO2 permeability with 15 % increase in CO2/CH4 selectivity. Finally, the loss of efficiency in conjugation mechanisms of absorption and emission of the samples could be explained on the basis of the π-staking of the polymer chains produced when a certain low percentage of conjugated polymers in the blend is surpassed. When this π- staking starts, gas permeation properties start to decline too.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

Facile Preparation of Optically Tailored Hybrid Nanocomposite

Lead sulfide nanoparticles (PbS NPs) have been synthesized directly in poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) semiconducting polymer by a simple low temperature method. Hybrid solutions with different concentrations of PbS with respect to the polymer have been prepared and characterized first in solution and then as thin film nanocomposites deposited on quartz substrates by spin coating. Quenching of photoluminescence emission is observed both in solutions and thin films when the ratio of PbS NPs increases with respect to the polymer, suggesting the occurrence of Dexter energy transfer from the polymer to the PbS NPs. Optical absorption is markedly increased for hybrid solutions compared to pure polymer. In thin nanocomposite films an enhancement of absorbance is observed with increasing PbS NPs concentration, which is more pronounced below 400 nm. The reported results could lead to the development of a method for tailoring the optical response of devices based on PbS NP-polymer nanocomposite by controlling the PbS NP concentration inside the polymer matrix

Terapias metabólicas para el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas en peces de cultivo (MetDisFish)

XVIII Congreso Nacional de Acuicultura “Acuicultura: mares y ríos de oportunidades”, Cádiz, del 21 al 24 de noviembre de 2022Las enfermedades infecciosas suponen un importante problema económico para las empresas piscícolas, siendo muchas de las especies de peces cultivadas susceptibles a diferentes bacterias, virus, parásitos e incluso hongos. La aparición de bacterias resistentes a antibióticos, y la ausencia de vacunas seguras y efectivas frente a muchas de las enfermedades víricas, parasitarias y fúngicas que afectan a peces, así como la ausencia total de tratamientos comerciales antivirales de aplicación en acuicultura, limitan el control y erradicación de estas enfermedades. Además, la aparición de nuevas enfermedades emergentes es un riesgo constante para la productividad. Con esta perspectiva, hay una urgencia en el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias de prevención y control para ser aplicadas al sector acuícola. Una estrategia casi inexplorada para combatir las enfermedades infecciosas, tanto en mamíferos como en peces, es la terapia metabólica. En la actualidad se sabe que el metabolismo y el estado inmunológico están intrínsecamente relacionados y, en consecuencia, el inmunometabolismo ha emergido como un área de investigación novedosa que merece atención. El conocer los procesos metabólicos y metabolitos que subyacen a la respuesta inmune ofrece la posibilidad de desarrollar innovadoras estrategias moduladoras de la inmunidad en procesos infecciosos o desórdenes inflamatorios que, además, serían totalmente biocompatibles. En base a estas premisas, hemos desarrollado un ambicioso proyecto con el que pretendemos dar un paso de gigante dirigido a incrementar el conocimiento básico sobre las funciones del metabolismo durante las infecciones y desarrollar estrategias metabólicas aplicables al sector de la piscicultura. En este proyecto tratamos de identificar aquellos metabolitos o rutas metabólicas que podrían estar directamente relacionados con la resistencia a enfermedades infecciosas en dos especies de alto interés comercial en España, el rodaballo (Scophthalmus maximus) y la lubina (Dicentrarchux labrax). Este conocimiento nos permitirá desarrollar tratamientos metabólicos y testar su eficacia en la protección frente a enfermedades.Puesto que en los últimos años se ha visto que la encapsulación de fármacos o compuestos bioactivos en nanopartículas y/o nanofibras favorecen la liberación localizada y resistencia a la rápida degradación de los compuestos, en este proyecto se está trabajando también en el diseño de nanopartículas y nanofibras poliméricas biocompatibles que nos permitirán encapsular los tratamientos más prometedores para poder administrarlos a los animales principalmente por vía oral (alimento), pero también mediante su liberación en el agua. Para cumplir los objetivos de este proyecto contamos con la colaboración de las dos principales empresas productoras de rodaballo en España, Pescanova y Stolt Sea Farm, así como también con la empresa productora de lubina y dorada Culmarex. La evaluación de la incursión de los tratamientos metabólicos encapsulados en las dietas de rodaballo y lubina se llevará a cabo con el apoyo de las empresas productoras de piensos para acuicultura BioMar y Skretting. Para la difusión de los resultados contamos con el soporte de la Asociación Empresarial de Acuicultura de España (APROMAR)Al proyecto “MetDisFish” financiado por el Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (MAPA) y European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund (EMFAF). Por último, agradecer la financiación del equipo singular recibido por GVA-IDIFEDER-2018/020 “Una forma de hacer Europa”N

New photopolymer with trifunctional monomer for holographic applications

New holographic recording materials based on photopolymerizable systems have contributed significantly to the recent growth of holographic applications. Previously, we reported that in photopolymerizable systems with a difunctional monomer, Ethylene Glycol DiMethAcrylate (EGDMA) improves the behaviour of the system and explains the role played by an eosin ester that has an oxo-oxime group in the production of amine initiator radicals. This comparative study was carried out in our laboratory using differential scanning photo-calorimetry and holography. The results of the new photosensitive recording materials for holography indicate that this system can be used for the formulation of very promising photopolymers that have a better performance. The aim of this study was to change the crosslinking monomer in order to increase the energetic sensitivity and discover the rest of the behavior. The new photo-polymerizable mixture contains PentaErythritol TriAcrylate (PETA) in a 1:1 ratio of volume and a 2-Hydroxy-Ethylene MethAcrylate monomer (HEMA). A diffraction efficiency of 80% is achieved with an energetic sensitivity of 3 J/cm2 at 514 nm, and the spatial resolution is up to 2000 lines/mm.Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT) of Spain, projects MAT93-0369 and MAT93-0757

Polymeric films based on blends of 6FDA-6FpDA polyimide plus several copolyfluorenes for CO<inf>2</inf> separation

Three emitting copolyfluorenes, based on 2,7-(9,9-dihexyl)fluorene and different aryl groups (1,4-bencene, PFH-B; 1,4-bencen-1,2,5-thiadiazole PFH-BT; 1,4-naphthalen-1,2,5-thiadiazole, PFH-NT), showing diverse acceptor character, in different proportions were blended with a polyimide 6FDA-6FpDA to make a series of films. These copolyfluorene-polyimide blends were prepared and characterized in the solid state, using several techniques. The fluorescence of conjugated polymers can be used as a tool to understand the formation of the membrane and also to increase permeability and selectivity in comparison to films which do not fluoresce. The relationship between the intrinsic fluorescence of conjugated polyfluorenes and their gas separation properties has been explored in order to establish the influence of the composition and the nature of the aryl group in the conjugated polymer, on the gas separation performance. In all cases, a low proportion of copolyfluorene (2/CH4 permselectivity properties than the original pure polyimide matrix. The best results were found for the samples that contain PFH-NT. These samples gave over 23% increase in the CO2 permeability with a 15% increase in CO2/CH4 selectivity. Finally, the loss of efficiency in conjugation mechanisms of absorption and emission of the samples could be explained on the basis of the ¿-stacking of the polymer chains, produced when a certain low percentage of conjugated polymers in the blend is surpassed. When this ¿-stacking starts, the gas permeation properties start to decline too.We are indebted to the Spanish Junta de Castilla y Le´on for nancing this work through the GR-18 Excellence Group Action and to the Ministry of Science and Innovation in Spain for their economic support of this work (MAT2011-25513, MAT2011- 23007). We also acknowledge nancial support from the programme Consolider Ingenio 2010 (project CSD-0050- MULTICAT) and from the Junta de Castilla y Le´on (project VA- 248U13). The help provided by Sara Rodriguez in measuring gas permeability and selectivity is greatly appreciated.Peer Reviewe