Analysis of shoreline changes in the severe storm surge region of upper Coromandel coast, India, using Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic information system (GIS)

Coastlines have been subject to ongoing vulnerability from natural disasters, resulting in erosion and accretion occurring at varying intervals. The impacts of human activities and alterations in natural processes, including those induced by climate change, exacerbate the existing challenges faced along coastal regions. The present study aimed to analyze the changing shoreline along the Bapatla coastal tract in the upper coromandel coast of Andhra Pradesh due to erosion and accretion using the DSAS toolbar in ArcGIS software. Multiple statistical methods are available in DSAS; the present study confined  attention to the end point rate (EPR), linear regression rate (LRR), and net shoreline movement (NSM) for this investigation. The Nizampatnam Mandal had the greatest erosion rate (-16.8 m/yr) and accretion rate (10.5 m/yr), according to EPR, as well as the highest erosion rate (-16.7 m/yr) and accretion rate (10.4 m/yr) according to LRR. As per NSM, between 1990 and 2020, the highest erosion and accretion was seen again in Nizampatnam. The shoreline at Nizampatnam either retreated by as much as -285.2 meters or advanced by 211.1 meters. The research indicated that the Bapatla district's shoreline is susceptible to erosion and accretion.   The present investigation revealed that the coastal region of Bapatla district exhibits susceptibility to both erosion and accretion phenomena. The findings of the present study hold significant implications for professionals in the fields of coastal science, engineering, and administration. The findings are of utmost importance in the development of sustainable approaches for coastal management. 

Conceptualisation, Systematic Review and Future Research Directions in the Broad Domains of Tourism Infrastructure

This paper explored the conceptualisation and research gaps in the field of tourism infrastructure. Key objective of the paper is to define tourism infrastructure and underline the areas explored by researchers and the fields uncharted yet. Systematic overview of existing research is given and briefly showed by details in papers. Articles published between 2007 and upto the end of 2021 has been selected to verify results. The details of author, objectives, methodology and results and conclusions are separated to help budding researchers to identify the research gaps. Nevertheless, the last section briefly describes the areas left untouched by studies for further research. The appraisal conducted shows that certain areas are not properly explored either conceptually, theoretically or empirically. Infrastructure gap is analyzed but the factors determining the functioning of infrastructure unbotched yet. Function of infrastructure to enhance service quality of environment is still unexplored and needs further empirical analysis. At the same time, there is a complete dearth of studies to analyse the contribution of sustainable infrastructure on dimensions of environment sustainability. Lastly, it is confirmed that the accessible literatures botched to give clear practical verification on the influence of tourism infrastructure on services and their influence on tourism resources management. As a result, it is anticipated that the study will add positively in said area and is obliging for lately researchers to conduct studies on uncharted dimensions