Research of weight and linear wear from resource indicators of cultivator paws hardened by combined method

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of weight and linear wear from resource indicators of cultivator paws hardened by the combined method. It is established that in order to achieve an increased resource of cultivator legs, world manufacturers use special alloying materials, design features and technological methods of hardening, namely heat treatment, application of wear-resistant materials. The most commonly used methods for strengthening the working surfaces of parts are conventional hardening of medium-carbon, highcarbon and alloy steels. The hardness of the metal can be obtained in the range of 45 HRC for steel 45 and up to 65 HRC for steel 65G and alloy steels. To determine the change in the geometric parameters of the blades of cultivator legs during production tests recorded linear wear, weight wear and the radius of rounding of the cutting edge of the working bodies with an operating time of 8, 23, 42 and 54 ha. According to the results of linear wear of the wings of experimental cultivator paws during production tests, the materials that provide the best performance against abrasive wear were determined. As a result of the analysis of cultivator paws with a yield of 54 ha, it was found that the working bodies do not have visible damage and extreme wear and are suitable for further use. At the same time, measurements showed that the amount of wear on the width of the blade is 5.3–11.9 mm

Crop agro-technologies adaptation in organic farming

The materials of long-term field experiments carried out in the forest-steppe of the Ob region of the Novosibirsk region and in the northern forest-steppe of the Kuznetsk basin of the Kemerovo region in various types of crop rotations on leached chernozems were analyzed to assess the possibility of developing organic farming. The most stable crop rotation in relation to weeds is a grain-fallow crop rotation with winter rye, where the coefficient of crop rotation productivity decrease with an increase in infestation by 1 unit of specific weed biomass was 0.205.The number of interstim pests per plant was less on wheat crops placed on vetch-oats, winter rye and rapeseed than on fallow and spring grain predecessors. The most productive crop rotations without the use of fertilizers and pesticides were grain fallow crop rotations with winter rye (2.46 t/ha) and legumes (2.44 t/ha). It has been established that organic farming can only be carried out under conditions of crop diversification (increase in biodiversity within crops of winter rye, cabbage, leguminous grasses and grain legumes), a decrease in the intensity of mechanical impact on the soil, the introduction of organic fertilizers and plant residues of crops, sideration