Raman Spectroscopy Enables Non-Invasive Identification of Mycotoxins p. Fusarium of Winter Wheat Seeds

Identification of specific mycotoxins p. Fusarium contained in infected winter wheat seeds can be achieved by visually recognizing their distinctive phenotypic species. The visual identification (ID) of species is subjective and usually requires significant taxonomic knowledge. Methods for the determination of various types of mycotoxins of the p. Fusarium are laborious and require the use of chemical invasive research methods. In this research, we investigate the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy (RS) as a tag-free, non-invasive and non-destructive analytical method for the rapid and accurate identification of p. Fusarium. Varieties of the r. Fusarium can produce mycotoxins that directly affect the DNA, RNA and chemical structure of infected seeds. Analysis of spectra by RS methods and chemometric analysis allows the identification of healthy, infected and contaminated seeds of winter wheat with varieties of mycotoxins p. Fusarium. Raman seed analysis provides accurate identification of p. Fusarium in 96% of samples. In addition, we present data on the identification of carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and other nutrients contaminated with p. Fusarium seeds obtained using spectroscopic signatures. These results demonstrate that RS enables rapid, accurate and non-invasive screening of seed phytosanitary status

Research of the spectral characteristics of healthy and fusarium-infected wheat seeds variety Moskovskaya 56 by hyperspectral spectroscopy

In this paper, a spectroscopic identification method is considered for determining the maxima and minima of spectral lines to identify pathogenic microflora in grain seeds. The paper presents the justification for the application of the method of hyperspectral imaging, in order to identify the disease fusarium in the seeds of soft winter wheat. Based on the graphs, it can see the general picture of the influence of the disease fusarium on wheat grains. There is a general decrease in the reflectivity of the grain surface. The strongest deviation of spectral lines is observed in the limit from 660 nm to 900 nm

Trends in the development of non-invasive technologies for assessing quality of seeds

The article presents studies on the use of non-invasive technologies to determine the quality of seeds of various crops. The authors analyzed patents on this topic. In particular, such laser and optical technologies as IR spectroscopy, hyperspectral spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, terahertz spectroscopy were investigated. The conducted patent research showed and confirmed the relevance of the work and the possibility of further implementation of the results into practice, mainly in the field of systems for laser-optical spectroscopy of seeds. Carrying out research on this topic will allow you to design and create new types of devices that will be in demand in many areas of modern agriculture

Impact of Water and UV Irradiation on Nonwoven Polylactide/Natural Rubber Fiber

A nonwoven fiber made of polylactide/natural rubber with a rubber content from 0 to 15 wt.% was obtained by electrospinning from a solution. The water sorption test showed that the addition of natural rubber into the polylactide matrix did not significantly affect the degree of water absorption of the fibers, which was in the range of 48.9–50.6%. The melt flow rate only increased by 0.5 g/10 min at a content of 15 wt.% natural rubber. The thermal characteristics after 120 days of degradation in distilled water and UV irradiation (50 h) at a wavelength of 365 nm were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. Changes in the values of the phase transition temperatures and the degree of crystallinity were determined. It was determined that the fiber samples from all compositions retained the propensity for photo- and hydrolytic degradation

Development of a set of working units from polymeric materials for the design of combine harvesters

In this paper we presents the results of research on the use of new types of products from polymeric materials in the designs of combine harvesters. The use of these modernized polymer structures will reduce the damage of grain by more than 20%, increase the reliability of ongoing technological processes, increase the operational life of the combine

Justification of the type of combine harvester for farms

We presented results of the tests of combine harvesters of domestic and foreign manufacturers over the past ten years. We presented recommendation about the choice of the studied technolog

Transporting devices for grain with new types of working units from polymeric materials

The existing standard technologies for obtaining seeds of various reproductions in farms have a wide variation in the initial harvesting parameters, mechanization and technological modes of operation, which affects the final quality indices of seed material and its cost price. Modernization of the working parts of machines and units that provide the technology of loading and reloading operations will improve the quality of grain at this stage of harvesting. The installation of a new type of transporting device in a typical grain-handling machine loader allows to reduce the crushing and damage of grain by more than 20%

Transporting devices for grain with new types of working units from polymeric materials

The existing standard technologies for obtaining seeds of various reproductions in farms have a wide variation in the initial harvesting parameters, mechanization and technological modes of operation, which affects the final quality indices of seed material and its cost price. Modernization of the working parts of machines and units that provide the technology of loading and reloading operations will improve the quality of grain at this stage of harvesting. The installation of a new type of transporting device in a typical grain-handling machine loader allows to reduce the crushing and damage of grain by more than 20%

Impact of Water and UV Irradiation on Nonwoven Polylactide/Natural Rubber Fiber

A nonwoven fiber made of polylactide/natural rubber with a rubber content from 0 to 15 wt.% was obtained by electrospinning from a solution. The water sorption test showed that the addition of natural rubber into the polylactide matrix did not significantly affect the degree of water absorption of the fibers, which was in the range of 48.9–50.6%. The melt flow rate only increased by 0.5 g/10 min at a content of 15 wt.% natural rubber. The thermal characteristics after 120 days of degradation in distilled water and UV irradiation (50 h) at a wavelength of 365 nm were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. Changes in the values of the phase transition temperatures and the degree of crystallinity were determined. It was determined that the fiber samples from all compositions retained the propensity for photo- and hydrolytic degradation

Development of a set of working units from polymeric materials for the design of combine harvesters

In this paper we presents the results of research on the use of new types of products from polymeric materials in the designs of combine harvesters. The use of these modernized polymer structures will reduce the damage of grain by more than 20%, increase the reliability of ongoing technological processes, increase the operational life of the combine