Edge Modes in the Intermediate-D and Large-D Phases of the S=2 Quantum Spin Chain with XXZ and On-Site Anisotropies

We investigate the edge modes at T=0 in the intermediate-D (ID) phase and the large-D (LD) phase of the S=2 quantum spin chain with the XXZ anisotropy and the generalized on-site anisotropies by use of the DMRG. There exists a gapless edge mode in the ID phase, while no gapless edge mode in the LD phase. These results are consistent with the physical pictures of these phases. We also show the ground-state phase diagrams obtained by use of the exact diagonalization and the level spectroscopy analysis.Comment: Submitted to "Proceedings of the International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES2013)

n-3系脂肪散を強化した食事療法が有効と考えられた肺気腫の一例

An effective treatment for the advanced stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been established yet. We report our recent experience of one patient with pulmonary emphysema treated by dietary supplementation of n-3 fatty acid for two months. He presented improvements in clinical symptoms and pulmonary function, and suppression of leukotriene B(4) generation by peripheral leukocytes. We consequently suppose that dietary treatment with n-3 fatty acids (perilla seed oil) may offer benefits for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema by competitively inhiabiting the conversion of arachidonicacid to leukotrienes and prostanoids.今回我々は,肺気腫の症例に対してn-3系脂肪酸を強化した食事療法をおこない,臨床症状,呼吸機能検査所見ともに速やかに改善を認め,同時に白血球のロイコトリエンB4産生能が著明に減少した一例を経験したので報告する｡ 症例は67歳,男性｡主訴は労作時呼吸困難｡【第一回目入院】3カ月間入院し,薬物療法,温泉を用いた理学療法を行った｡自覚症状はやや改善が見られたが,呼吸機能検査所見の改善は得られなかった｡【第二回目入院】1年後に再入院｡n-3系脂肪酸強化食事療法も併用した｡自覚症状および,呼吸機能検査上,FVC,FEV1.0,PEFなどに改善を認めた｡n-3系脂肪酸はアラキドン酸代謝を通してロイコトリエン合成に関与すると推定されるが,経渦中に白血球のLTB4産生能の減少を認めた｡この症例は肺気腫に対するn-3系脂肪酸強化食 事療法の有用性が示唆され,病態を考える上でも興味深いと考えられた

Expression of kininogen, kallikrein and kinin receptor genes by rat cardiomyocytes

AbstractTo ascertain the existence of the kallikrein-kinin system in the heart, we have studied in vivo and in vitro whether rat cardiac tissue expresses kininogen, kallikrein and kinin receptor mRNAs. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the ventricular myocardium of adult male rats expressed mRNAs for T- and low-molecular-weight (L-) kininogens, tissue kallikreins such as true kallikrein and T-kininogenase, and bradykinin B2 receptor, but not those for high-molecular-weight kininogen and B1 receptor. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) increased the levels of mRNA for T-kininogen at 12 h and the bradykinin B1 receptor at 24 h without affecting that for other components. All of these mRNAs for the kallikrein-kinin system were also detected in cultured cardiomyocytes derived from neonatal rat ventricles; dibutyryl cyclic AMP, LPS or inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, up-regulated mRNA expression of T-kininogen, T-kininogenase, or B1 receptor in these cells in vitro. These results suggest that there are two kinin-generating systems in rat myocardium comprising T-kininogen/T-kininogenase and L-kininogen/true kallikrein respectively, and that the former may be relatively important in inflammatory diseases or conditions in which cAMP levels increase in cardiomyocytes

Ground-State Phase Diagram of an Anisotropic S=1 Ferromagnetic-Antiferromagnetic Bond-Alternating Chain

By using mainly numerical methods, we investigate the ground-state phase diagram (GSPD) of an $S=1$ ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic bond-alternating chain with the $XXZ$ and the on-site anisotropies. This system can be mapped onto an anisotropic spin-2 chain when the ferromagnetic interaction is much stronger than the antiferromagnetic interaction. Since there are many quantum parameters in this system, we numerically obtained the GSPD on the plane of the magnitude of the antiferromagnetic coupling versus its $XXZ$ anisotropy, by use of the exact diagonalization, the level spectroscopy as well as the phenomenological renormalization group. The obtained GSPD consists of six phases. They are the $XY$1, the large-$D$ (LD), the intermediate-$D$ (ID), the Haldane (H), the spin-1 singlet dimer (SD), and the N\'eel phases. Among them, the LD, the H, and the SD phases are the trivial phases, while the ID phase is the symmetry-protected topological phase. The former three are smoothly connected without any quantum phase transitions. It is also emphasized that the ID phase appears in a wider region compared with the case of the GSPD of the anisotropic spin-2 chain with the $XXZ$ and the on-site anisotropies. We also compare the obtained GSPD with the result of the perturbation theory.Comment: to be published in JPS Conf. Se

気管支喘息における気管支肺胞洗浄液中の細胞成分に対する加齢および副腎皮質ホルモンの影響

Effects of aging and glucocorticoid therapy on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells, particularly lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils, were examined in 81 patients with asthma. 1. The proportion of BAL lymphocytes tended to increase with aging in asthmatics under age 69 years, and the proportion was significantly higher in patients with asthma between the ages of 60 and 69 than in those under age 39 and between the ages of 40 and 49. 2. The proportions of BAL neutrophils and eosinophils were not related to aging. 3. The proportion of BAL lymphocytes was higher in patients without glucocorticoid therapy than in those with steroid-dependent intractable asthma (SOIA) in those under age 69 years. In patients between the ages of 50 and 59, the proportion of BAL lymphocytes was significantly higher in patients without glucocorticoids than in those with SOIA. 4. The proportion of BAL neutrophils was higher in patients without glucocorticoid therapy than in those with SOIA, and the difference was significant in patients between the ages of 60 and 69. 5. The proportion of BAL eosinophils was not related to glucocorticoid therapy. These results suggest that the proportion of BAL lymphocytes and neutrophils is affected by aging and glucocorticoid therapy, but not BAL eosinophils.気管支喘息81例を対象に,気管支肺胞洗浄(BAL)液中の細胞成分,特にリンパ球,好中球および好酸球に対する加齢および副腎皮質ホルモ ンの影響について検討を加えた｡ 1.BAL液中のリンパ球頻度は,69才以下の症例では加齢とともに増加する傾向を示し,60-69才の年齢層では,39才以下および40-49才の年齢層の症例に比べ有意に高い値を示した｡　 2.BAL液中の好中球および好酸球頻度と加齢との間には関連が見られなかった｡　 3.BAL液中のリンパ球頻度は,69才以下の症例では,ステロイド依存性重症難治性喘息(SDIA)に比べ,ステロイド非使用例で有意に高い値を示し,50-59才の年齢層ではその差は有意であった｡　 4.BAL液中好中球頻度は,ステロイド非使用例に比べSDIA症例において高い値を示し,60-69才の年齢層ではその差は有意であった｡　 5.BAL液中好酸球頻度は,ステロイド使用の有無との関連は見られなかった｡これらの結果は,BAL液中リンパ球および好中球頻度は加齢や副腎皮質ホルモン投与の影響を受けるが,BAL液中好酸球額度には影響しないことを示唆している

気管支喘息症例における末梢血白血球のロイコトリエンC4産生能とロイコトリエン受容体括抗薬プランルカストの効果に関する検討

The correlation between the efficacy of 4-weeks administration with pranlukast, leukotriene receptor antagonist, and LTs generation by peripheral leukocytes were evaluated in 18 patients with mild-persistent asthma. The efficacy of pranlukast administration was assessed by symptom, morning PEF and pulmonary function. Pranlukast were effective in 12/18(67%) patients. In those patients, LTC4 generation before pranlukast administration was significantly high, compared with that in pranlukast-ineffective patients. LTC4 generation decreased after 4-weeks administration with pranlukast in effective patients. In ineffective patients, however, LTC4 generation increased after 4-weeks administration. LTB4 had shown no significant difference between effective and ineffective patients before administration, and LTB4 decreased after 4-weeks in both groups. Proport ion of peripheral eosinophi Is in effective patients were higher than that in ineffective patients, however not significant. After 4-weeks, proportion of eosinophi Is was decreased in effective patients and increased in ineffective patients. These findings suggest that pranlukast is effective for patients with high LTC4 generation and has the effect to suppress the accumulation of eosinophils in such patients.軽症気管支喘息18例にロイコトリエン受容体桔抗薬プランルカストを4週間投与し，その効果と末梢血白血球からのLTC4，LTB4産生能の関係を検討した．プランルカストの効果は臨床症状，起床時ピークフロー値，肺機能の変化によって判定し，効果群，非効果群の2群に分類した．18例中12例（67％）の症例がプランルカスト投与により，臨床症状の軽減，ピークフロー値の増加，肺機能の改善が認められた．効果群におけるプランルカスト投与前のLTC4値は，非効果群のLTC4値に比較して有意に高値であった．4週間の投与後には 効果群ではLTC4値は減少し，非効果群では増加した．両群のLTB4値はプランルカスト投与前で有意な差は認められず，投与後には両群で減少した．投与前の好酸球分画は，効果群において非効果群に比べ高値であったが，有意な差は認められなかった．4週間の投与後，効果群においては好酸球は減少し，非効果群においては増加した．以上の結果より，プランルカストは末梢血白血球のLTC4産生能が高い症例において効果的であり，好酸球集積を抑制する作用を有すると考えられる