The effect of endurance and resistance exercises and consumption of hydro-alcoholic extract of nettle on the changes in weight and plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in type 1 diabetic rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases and nettle is a plant that has been introduced as an anti-diabetes medication. Nesfatin-1 is an adipokine secreted from an adipose tissue and involved in the mechanism for glucose metabolism. This study aimed at examining the effect of an 8-week endurance and resistance training program along with the consumption of the hydro-alcoholic extract of nettle on plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, Wistar rats were divided into four groups and diabetes was induced in them by streptozotocin. The nettle extract (1mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily in the "nettle", "endurance+nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups. The "endurance+nettle" group swam in water for eight weeks, five sessions per week, and each session from 60 to 120 minutes. The "resistance+nettle" group began the exercise with 50, 75, 90, and 100 percent weight on the designed ladder, and then they gradually increased their record. Blood samples were taken directly from the hearts of the animals at the end of the 8th week. Results: Weight loss was observed in all groups after 8 weeks. The least amount of weights in the "control", "nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups were significantly lower than those in the beginning of the study (P<0.001). The results showed a significant increase in nesfatin-1 in the "nettle" group compared to the "control" group (P<0.01). Also, this increase was observed in the "endurance+nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups compared to the "control" group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Consumption of the nettle extract with exercise can increase the plasma nesfatin-1, which can be effective in controlling diabetes and preventing weight loss due to this disease

The effect of endurance and resistance exercises and consumption of hydro-alcoholic extract of nettle on the changes in weight and plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in type 1 diabetic rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases and nettle is a plant that has been introduced as an anti-diabetes medication. Nesfatin-1 is an adipokine secreted from an adipose tissue and involved in the mechanism for glucose metabolism. This study aimed at examining the effect of an 8-week endurance and resistance training program along with the consumption of the hydro-alcoholic extract of nettle on plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, Wistar rats were divided into four groups and diabetes was induced in them by streptozotocin. The nettle extract (1mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily in the "nettle", "endurance+nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups. The "endurance+nettle" group swam in water for eight weeks, five sessions per week, and each session from 60 to 120 minutes. The "resistance+nettle" group began the exercise with 50, 75, 90, and 100 percent weight on the designed ladder, and then they gradually increased their record. Blood samples were taken directly from the hearts of the animals at the end of the 8th week. Results: Weight loss was observed in all groups after 8 weeks. The least amount of weights in the "control", "nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups were significantly lower than those in the beginning of the study (P<0.001). The results showed a significant increase in nesfatin-1 in the "nettle" group compared to the "control" group (P<0.01). Also, this increase was observed in the "endurance+nettle" and "resistance+nettle" groups compared to the "control" group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Consumption of the nettle extract with exercise can increase the plasma nesfatin-1, which can be effective in controlling diabetes and preventing weight loss due to this disease

The Effects of Six Weeks of Endurance Training and CGRP Inhibition on Nrf2 and AKT Expression in the Hippocampal Tissue of Male Wistar Rats

Purpose. To study the effects of a six-week endurance training protocol and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibition on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and protein kinase B (PKB) or AKT expression in the hippocampal tissue of male Wistar rats. Main Methods. Building on a controlled experimental design with a posttest, 28 healthy Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=7 per group), including control, control+CGRP inhibition, endurance training, and endurance training+CGRP inhibition groups. The training groups were trained for six weeks. Rats in the CGRP inhibition group received CGRP receptor antagonist daily (0.25 mg/kg) via intravenous (IV) injection. The Nrf2 and AKT (PKB) expression was measured using the real-time PCR technique. Results. In the endurance training group, Nrf2 expression in the hippocampal tissue was increased significantly more than in other groups (P<0.05). There was also a significant increase in the AKT expression in the endurance training group compared to the control group (P=0.048) and in the endurance training+CGRP inhibition compared to the control group (P=0.012). In addition, there was no significant relationship between AKT (PKB) and Nrf2 (r=−0.27, n=28, P=0.16). Conclusion. Endurance training alone has been able to increase Nrf2 and AKT (PKB) mRNA levels in the hippocampal tissue, considering that endurance training had no significant effect on AKT and Nrf2 expression after adding to CGRP inhibition