Fabrication of chelating diethylenetriaminated pan micro and nano fibers for heavy metal removal

In this study, commercial acrylic fibers were modified with diethylenetriamine to prepare metal chelating fibers. The effects of process parameters on the efficiency of the reaction were investigated. FTIR spectroscopy and TGA analysis were used to confirm the chemical changes made to the fibers during the reaction. The ability of the modified fibers for removal of Pb (II), Cu (II) and Ce (IV) ions from aqueous media was determined. The modified fibers showed a slight decrease in mechanical properties compared to raw ones. Furthermore, the acrylic micro fibers were electrospun to nanofibers and the ability of modified nanofibers for the adsorption of the metal ions was studied

ARGO: Aging-aware GPGPU Register File Allocation

State-of-the-art general-purpose graphic processing units (GPGPUs) implemented in nanoscale CMOS technologies offer very high computational throughput for highly-parallel applications using hundreds of integrated on-chip resources. These resources are stressed during application execution, subjecting them to degradation mechanisms such as negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) that adversely affect their reliability. To support highly parallel execution, GPGPUs contain large register files (RFs) that are among the most highly stressed GPGPU components; however we observe heavy underutilization of RFs (on average only 46%) for typical general-purpose kernels. We present ARGO, an Aging-awaRe GPGPU RF allOcator that opportunistically exploits this RF underutilization by distributing the stress throughout RF. ARGO achieves proper leveling of RF banks through deliberated power-gating of stressful banks. We demonstrate our technique on the AMD Evergreen GPGPU architecture and show that ARGO improves the NBTI-induced threshold voltage degradation by up to 43 % (on average 27%), that yields improving RFs static noise margin up to 46 % (on average 30%). Furthermore, we estimate a simultaneous reduction in leakage power of 54 % by providing sleep states for unused banks