35 research outputs found

    上皮成長因子EGFはMAPキナーゼ経路を介してTERT遺伝子の発現を亢進しテロメレースを直接活性化する

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    取得学位 : 博士(医学), 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1574号, 学位授与年月日 : 平成15年3月25日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

    Tissue-FISHによる新しいテロメア長測定法の開発と婦人癌早期診断への応用

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    金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系パラフィン切片上の個々の細胞におけるテロメア長をin situにて評価する方法(telo-FISH)を開発し、子宮頚部および子宮内膜の癌化過程におけるテロメア長の変化について検討を行った。1.Telo-FISH法の開発:ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋切片とCy3ラベルテロメア相補的プローブを用いてin situ hybridizationを行った。Cy3シグナルおよびDAPIの蛍光強度をOpenlabで定量した。個々の細胞について、核内のCy3シグナル値をDAPI測定値で除してtelomere intensity(TI)を計算した。ヌードマウス皮下腫瘍を用いてTelomere Restriction Fragment (TRF) analysisおよびtelo-FISHを行った。TI値とTRFによるテロメア長には有意な正の相関を認めtelo-FISHによりテロメア長の定量的評価が可能であることが示された。2.臨床検体を用いたtelo-FISHによるテロメア長の解析:子宮頸部および子宮内膜について、正常組織/前癌病変/癌病変のtelo-FISHを行った。子宮頸部前癌病変であるCIN1およびCIN2では正常上皮に比べ病変部のTI値が有意に低下していた。CIN3および頸癌のTI値は、正常上皮より短い傾向にあるものの、有意な低下には至らなかった。免疫組織化学染色法による検討では、CIN2およびCIN3の中でもTI値が高い症例にhTERTの発現が強く、子宮頚癌発癌過程においてCIN2-CIN3でのテロメレース活性化とテロメア長回復の様子が示唆された。一方、子宮内膜では前癌病変である内膜増殖症のTI値は正常内膜と有意差がなかった。内膜癌のTI値は正常内膜に比べ低い傾向にあったが、有意差は認めなかった。3.染色体不安定性とテロメア長:染色体17p centromere/subtelomere領域のTissue-FISHを行った。CINでは正常子宮頚部上皮に比べ17pのarm loss/arm gainを示す細胞の比率が有意に高く、染色体の不安定化が示唆された。子宮内膜増殖症では17p arm loss/arm gainの増加は認めなかった。以上より、子宮頚癌では前癌病変におけるテロメア短縮が染色体不安定化を介する癌化に関与していることが示唆された。一方、子宮内膜癌では前癌段階でのテロメア長の明らかな変動は認めず、子宮頚癌・内膜癌の癌化過程におけるテロメア動態の違いが明瞭となった。研究課題/領域番号:17791107, 研究期間(年度):2005 – 2006出典:「Tissue-FISHによる新しいテロメア長測定法の開発と婦人癌早期診断への応用」研究成果報告書 課題番号17791107(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所))(https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17791107/)を加工して作

    Activation of ERK1/2 occurs independently of KRAS or BRAF status in endometrial cancer and is associated with favorable prognosis

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    がん進展制御研究所The extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway plays important roles in regulating the malignant potential of cancer cells in vitro. However, the effect of ERK signaling on the prognosis of human tumors is not clearly understood. The present study examined the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) as a hallmark of ERK activation, in relation to KRAS and BRAF mutations, in 63 endometrial cancer specimens with endometrioid-subtype, in order to clarify the prognostic value of p-ERK1/2 expression. Immmunohistochemical analysis revealed that 40 tumors (63%) expressed p-ERK1/2, with varying levels of expression. Total ERK1/2 expression was also evaluated in a subset of tumors; most cases expressed ERK1/2 constitutively but no correlation was observed with p-ERK expression, indicating that p-ERK1/2 staining was not due to ERK overexpression but to hyperactivation of ERK1/2. There was no statistically significant correlation between p-ERK1/2 expression and clinicopathological features, including patient age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, pathological grade, myometrial invasion and lymph node metastasis. Sequencing analysis indicated that 23% of patients had a mutation in exon 1 of KRAS, whereas none of the patients had a mutation in exons 11 or 15 of BRAF, which are reportedly hot spots for mutation in many tumor types. There was no significant correlation between KRAS or BRAF status and p-ERK1/2 expression. Unexpectedly, patients with low p-ERK1/2 expression had significantly lower relapse-free survival (P = 0.041) and overall survival (P = 0.020). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that p-ERK1/2 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (P = 0.047). These findings suggest that ERK activation occurs in a KRAS - and BRAF-independent manner in endometrial cancer, and is associated with favorable prognosis. © 2007 Japanese Cancer Association

    Concomitant activation of AKT with extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 occurs independently of PTEN or PIK3CA mutations in endometrial cancer and may be associated with favorable prognosiss

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    がん進展制御研究所 Deregulated signaling via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is common in many types of cancer, but its clinicopathological significance in endometrial cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the status of the PI3K signaling pathway, especially in relation to PTEN and PIK3CA status, in endometrioid-type endometrial cancer. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed a high level of phosphorylated (p)-AKT expression, which is a hallmark of activated PI3K signaling, in approximately 60% of endometrial cancers. There was no correlation between p-AKT expression and clinicopathological characteristics, such as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, tumor grade, and myometrial invasion. Unexpectedly, a high level of p-AKT expression occurred independently of the presence of PTEN or PIK3CA mutations. Furthermore, p-AKT expression did not correlate with the expression of potential downstream targets, including p-mTOR and p-FOXO1/3a. In turn, p-AKT expression was strongly associated with extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 expression (P = 0.0031), which is representative of the activated RAS-MAP kinase pathway. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that low p-AKT expression was associated with low rates of relapse-free survival, although the difference was not statistically significant, indicating that AKT activation does not confer worse prognosis. The present study demonstrates the presence of complex signaling pathways that might mask the conventional tumorigenic PTEN-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, and strongly suggests a close association between the extracellular-regulated kinase and PI3K pathways in this tumor type. © 2007 Japanese Cancer Association

    経産婦の葉酸サプリメント摂取予定に関連する要因

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    Objective: Taking folic acid supplements in the period before pregnancy is recommendedfor the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs); however, the rate of taking folic acidsupplements is low, and lower in parous than primiparous women. The objective of thisstudy was to clarify factors related to taking folic acid supplements before pregnancy inparous women. Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was sent bymail to women 18 months after childbirth. Women not planning to become pregnant againwere excluded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine factors related totaking folic acid supplements before pregnancy. Results: Of 163 parous women, 115 (71%)planned to take folic acid supplements before their next pregnancy and 48 (29%) did not.The factors related to taking folic acid supplements before pregnancy were: informationsources (friends and acquaintances, odds ratio: OR = 6.11; mother and child healthhandbook, OR = 4.82), knowledge (daily intake of folic acid supplements starting 1 monthbefore pregnancy, OR = 3 .42), positive attitude (understanding the necessity, OR = 8.53),and the timing of taking folic acid supplements in the last pregnancy (before pregnancy,OR = 11.21). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the planned intake of folic acidsupplements before pregnancy in parous women is related to their ability to collect andutilize information

    エキソソームによる子宮内膜の細胞間情報伝達の分子機構と内膜癌化に関する基礎研究

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    金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系エキソソームは直径数10nm の細胞外分泌小胞であり、新たな細胞間情報伝達分子として注目されている。本研究課題では子宮内膜癌細胞と子宮内膜間質細胞とのエキソソームを介した情報伝達機構につき検討し、内膜癌細胞から内膜間質細胞へとエキソソームを介した機能性small RNA の受け渡しが証明された。子宮内膜癌細胞は、エキソソーム内RNA の授受を介して内膜間質細胞の遺伝子発現を制御している可能性が示唆された。Exosomes are small membrane vesicles containing various RNAs. Recent evidence suggests that human cells communicate with each other by exchanging exosomes. We found that endometrial cancer cells transmit gene regulatory small RNAs to endometrial fibroblasts using exosomes as vehicles. The results indicate a novel cell-to-cell communication between cancer cells and stromal cells via exosome transfer.研究課題/領域番号:23791819, 研究期間(年度):2011-201

    腫瘍特異的増殖性アデノウイルスを用いた子宮癌細胞の可視化とスクリーニング法の開発

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    がん細胞の可視化は、がんの診断や治療への応用が可能な技術である。本研究では、がん特異的に発現する遺伝子と蛍光蛋白を産生するウイルスとを組み合わせてがん細胞でのみ増殖し蛍光を発するウイルス(TRAD-GFP)を作成し、TRAD-GFP を利用した婦人科がんのスクリーニングについて検討した。その結果、TRAD-GFP による蛍光の有無によって正常細胞とがん細胞とが区別でき、さらに蛍光を目印にがん細胞のみを効率よく回収してがんの遺伝子異常を高感度に検出することができた。これらの技術は、客観的かつ感度・特異度の高い新しいがん検診システムに応用できる可能性がある。研究課題/領域番号:19791141, 研究期間(年度):2007-2008出典:「腫瘍特異的増殖性アデノウイルスを用いた子宮癌細胞の可視化とスクリーニング法の開発」研究成果報告書 課題番号19791141(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所))(https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19791141/19791141seika/)を加工して作
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