2,393 research outputs found
Failure of Effective Potential Approach: Nucleus-Electron Entanglement in the He-Ion
Entanglement may be considered a resource for quantum-information processing,
as the origin of robust and universal equilibrium behaviour, but also as a
limit to the validity of an effective potential approach, in which the
influence of certain interacting subsystems is treated as a potential. Here we
show that a closed three particle (two protons, one electron) model of a He-ion
featuring realistic size, interactions and energy scales of electron and
nucleus, respectively, exhibits different types of dynamics depending on the
initial state: For some cases the traditional approach, in which the nucleus
only appears as the center of a Coulomb potential, is valid, in others this
approach fails due to entanglement arising on a short time-scale. Eventually
the system can even show signatures of thermodynamical behaviour, i.e. the
electron may relax to a maximum local entropy state which is, to some extent,
independent of the details of the initial state.Comment: Submitted to Europhysics Letter
Phase space contraction and quantum operations
We give a criterion to differentiate between dissipative and diffusive
quantum operations. It is based on the classical idea that dissipative
processes contract volumes in phase space. We define a quantity that can be
regarded as ``quantum phase space contraction rate'' and which is related to a
fundamental property of quantum channels: non-unitality. We relate it to other
properties of the channel and also show a simple example of dissipative noise
composed with a chaotic map. The emergence of attaractor-like structures is
displayed.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures. Changes added according to refferee sugestions.
(To appear in PRA
Decoherence Control in Open Quantum System via Classical Feedback
In this work we propose a novel strategy using techniques from systems theory
to completely eliminate decoherence and also provide conditions under which it
can be done so. A novel construction employing an auxiliary system, the bait,
which is instrumental to decoupling the system from the environment is
presented. Our approach to decoherence control in contrast to other approaches
in the literature involves the bilinear input affine model of quantum control
system which lends itself to various techniques from classical control theory,
but with non-trivial modifications to the quantum regime. The elegance of this
approach yields interesting results on open loop decouplability and Decoherence
Free Subspaces(DFS). Additionally, the feedback control of decoherence may be
related to disturbance decoupling for classical input affine systems, which
entails careful application of the methods by avoiding all the quantum
mechanical pitfalls. In the process of calculating a suitable feedback the
system has to be restructured due to its tensorial nature of interaction with
the environment, which is unique to quantum systems. The results are
qualitatively different and superior to the ones obtained via master equations.
Finally, a methodology to synthesize feedback parameters itself is given, that
technology permitting, could be implemented for practical 2-qubit systems to
perform decoherence free Quantum Computing.Comment: 17 pages, 4 Fig
An elementary proof of the irrationality of Tschakaloff series
We present a new proof of the irrationality of values of the series
in both qualitative and
quantitative forms. The proof is based on a hypergeometric construction of
rational approximations to .Comment: 5 pages, AMSTe
THz absorption spectrum of the CO2âH2O complex: Observation and assignment of intermolecular van der Waals vibrations
Terahertz absorption spectra have been recorded for the weakly bound CO2-H2O complex embedded in cryogenic neon matrices at 2.8 K. The three high-frequency van der Waals vibrational transitions associated with out-of-plane wagging, in-plane rocking, and torsional motion of the isotopic H2O subunit have been assigned and provide crucial observables for benchmark theoretical descriptions of this systems' flat intermolecular potential energy surface. A (semi)-empirical value for the zero-point energy of 273 ± 15 cm(-1) from the class of intermolecular van der Waals vibrations is proposed and the combination with high-level quantum chemical calculations provides a value of 726 ± 15 cm(-1) for the dissociation energy D0
Optimal refrigerator
We study a refrigerator model which consists of two -level systems
interacting via a pulsed external field. Each system couples to its own thermal
bath at temperatures and , respectively ().
The refrigerator functions in two steps: thermally isolated interaction between
the systems driven by the external field and isothermal relaxation back to
equilibrium. There is a complementarity between the power of heat transfer from
the cold bath and the efficiency: the latter nullifies when the former is
maximized and {\it vice versa}. A reasonable compromise is achieved by
optimizing the product of the heat-power and efficiency over the Hamiltonian of
the two system. The efficiency is then found to be bounded from below by
(an analogue of the Curzon-Ahlborn
efficiency), besides being bound from above by the Carnot efficiency
. The lower bound is reached in the
equilibrium limit . The Carnot bound is reached (for a finite
power and a finite amount of heat transferred per cycle) for . If
the above maximization is constrained by assuming homogeneous energy spectra
for both systems, the efficiency is bounded from above by and
converges to it for .Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Broadband quadrature-squeezed vacuum and nonclassical photon number correlations from a nanophotonic device
We report the first demonstrations of both quadrature squeezed vacuum and
photon number difference squeezing generated in an integrated nanophotonic
device. Squeezed light is generated via strongly driven spontaneous four-wave
mixing below threshold in silicon nitride microring resonators. The generated
light is characterized with both homodyne detection and direct measurements of
photon statistics using photon number-resolving transition edge sensors. We
measure ~dB of broadband quadrature squeezing (~dB inferred
on-chip) and ~dB of photon number difference squeezing (~dB
inferred on-chip). Nearly-single temporal mode operation is achieved, with raw
unheralded second-order correlations as high as measured
(~when corrected for noise). Multi-photon events of over 10 photons
are directly detected with rates exceeding any previous quantum optical
demonstration using integrated nanophotonics. These results will have an
enabling impact on scaling continuous variable quantum technology.Comment: Significant improvements and updates to photon number squeezing
results and discussions, including results on single temporal mode operatio
Noise models for superoperators in the chord representation
We study many-qubit generalizations of quantum noise channels that can be
written as an incoherent sum of translations in phase space. Physical
description in terms of the spectral properties of the superoperator and the
action in phase space are provided. A very natural description of decoherence
leading to a preferred basis is achieved with diffusion along a phase space
line. The numerical advantages of using the chord representation are
illustrated in the case of coarse-graining noise.Comment: 8 pages, 5 .ps figures (RevTeX4). Submitted to Phys. Rev. A. minor
changes made, according to referee suggestion
Heterodyne receiver at 2.5 THz with quantum cascade laser and hot electron bolometric mixer
Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) operating at 2.5 THz have been used for gas phase spectroscopy and as local oscillator in a heterodyne receiver. One QCL has a Fabry-Perot resonator while the other has a distributed feedback resonator. The linewidth and frequency tunability of both QCLs have been investigated by either mixing two modes of the QCL or by mixing the emission from the QCL with the emission from a 2.5 THz gas laser. The frequency tunability as well as the linewidth is sufficient for Doppler limited spectroscopy of methanol gas. The QCLs have been used successfully as local oscillators in a heterodyne receiver. Noise temperature measurements with a hot electron bolometer and a QCL yielded the same result as with a gas laser as local oscillator
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