123 research outputs found

    Perlindungan Konsumen Undang-Undang No.8 tahun 1999 terhadap Pelecehan oleh Mitra Grab Jasa Transportaasi Online

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    Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat dapat memahami terkait dengan perlindungan konsumen atas pelecehan seksual yang terjadi pada konsumen pengguna jasa transportasi online. Dan terhadap pelaku pelecehan seksual teersebut dapat dihukum dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku serta dapat diberikan sanksi oleh pihak perusahaan berupa pembekuan akun mitra bahkan bisa saja sampai pada putus mitra sesuai dengan kode etik perusahaan jasa transportasi online

    DUX4c Is Up-Regulated in FSHD. It Induces the MYF5 Protein and Human Myoblast Proliferation

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    Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a dominant disease linked to contractions of the D4Z4 repeat array in 4q35. We have previously identified a double homeobox gene (DUX4) within each D4Z4 unit that encodes a transcription factor expressed in FSHD but not control myoblasts. DUX4 and its target genes contribute to the global dysregulation of gene expression observed in FSHD. We have now characterized the homologous DUX4c gene mapped 42 kb centromeric of the D4Z4 repeat array. It encodes a 47-kDa protein with a double homeodomain identical to DUX4 but divergent in the carboxyl-terminal region. DUX4c was detected in primary myoblast extracts by Western blot with a specific antiserum, and was induced upon differentiation. The protein was increased about 2-fold in FSHD versus control myotubes but reached 2-10-fold induction in FSHD muscle biopsies. We have shown by Western blot and by a DNA-binding assay that DUX4c over-expression induced the MYF5 myogenic regulator and its DNA-binding activity. DUX4c might stabilize the MYF5 protein as we detected their interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. In keeping with the known role of Myf5 in myoblast accumulation during mouse muscle regeneration DUX4c over-expression activated proliferation of human primary myoblasts and inhibited their differentiation. Altogether, these results suggested that DUX4c could be involved in muscle regeneration and that changes in its expression could contribute to the FSHD pathology
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