3,328 research outputs found
Socio-economic and Environmental Perspectives of Sustainable Watershed Eco-System in Union Territory of Pondicherry
The study conducted in the Karaikal region of the Union Territory of Pondicherry during 2004-05 has made a comparison of watershed and conventional systems. The crop diversification index has been found 0.28 in watershed and 0.32 in the conventional system. The study has revealed that nearly all the farmers in the watershed and only 40 per cent in the conventional system apply organic fertilizers. Moreover, farmers apply more fertilizers in the conventional (235 kg/ha) than watershed (210 kg/ha) system. The index of yield stability for all the crops has been found to be 0.98 in the watershed and 0.84 in the conventional system. The gross return has been found higher by 11.65 per cent, and net return by 32.18 per cent in the watershed than the conventional system. The input self-sufficiency ratio has been found to be 0.52 in the watershed and 0.47 in the conventional system. The analysis has indicated that if the agricultural income were considered, there has been no significant variation in food security in the two systems. The analysis has further revealed that there is a potential in promoting watershed system of farming for which it is necessary to devise policies that will provide incentives to watershed farmers both directly and indirectly. Until effective biological measures of soil fertilization are introduced, polices could be adopted to promote the application of biological and chemical fertilizers in a balanced way, so as to maintain soil structure and sustain or increase crop yields.Agricultural and Food Policy,
Reachability under Contextual Locking
The pairwise reachability problem for a multi-threaded program asks, given
control locations in two threads, whether they can be simultaneously reached in
an execution of the program. The problem is important for static analysis and
is used to detect statements that are concurrently enabled. This problem is in
general undecidable even when data is abstracted and when the threads (with
recursion) synchronize only using a finite set of locks. Popular programming
paradigms that limit the lock usage patterns have been identified under which
the pairwise reachability problem becomes decidable. In this paper, we consider
a new natural programming paradigm, called contextual locking, which ties the
lock usage to calling patterns in each thread: we assume that locks are
released in the same context that they were acquired and that every lock
acquired by a thread in a procedure call is released before the procedure
returns. Our main result is that the pairwise reachability problem is
polynomial-time decidable for this new programming paradigm as well. The
problem becomes undecidable if the locks are reentrant; reentrant locking is a
\emph{recursive locking} mechanism which allows a thread in a multi-threaded
program to acquire the reentrant lock multiple times.Comment: A preliminary version appears in TACAS 201
Having Your Cake and Eating It Too: Autonomy and Interaction in a Model of Sentence Processing
Is the human language understander a collection of modular processes
operating with relative autonomy, or is it a single integrated process? This
ongoing debate has polarized the language processing community, with two
fundamentally different types of model posited, and with each camp concluding
that the other is wrong. One camp puts forth a model with separate processors
and distinct knowledge sources to explain one body of data, and the other
proposes a model with a single processor and a homogeneous, monolithic
knowledge source to explain the other body of data. In this paper we argue that
a hybrid approach which combines a unified processor with separate knowledge
sources provides an explanation of both bodies of data, and we demonstrate the
feasibility of this approach with the computational model called COMPERE. We
believe that this approach brings the language processing community
significantly closer to offering human-like language processing systems.Comment: 7 pages, uses aaai.sty macr
Development of a scalable generic platform for adaptive optics real time control
The main objective of the present project is to explore the viability of an
adaptive optics control system based exclusively on Field Programmable Gate
Arrays (FPGAs), making strong use of their parallel processing capability. In
an Adaptive Optics (AO) system, the generation of the Deformable Mirror (DM)
control voltages from the Wavefront Sensor (WFS) measurements is usually
through the multiplication of the wavefront slopes with a predetermined
reconstructor matrix. The ability to access several hundred hard multipliers
and memories concurrently in an FPGA allows performance far beyond that of a
modern CPU or GPU for tasks with a well defined structure such as Adaptive
Optics control. The target of the current project is to generate a signal for a
real time wavefront correction, from the signals coming from a Wavefront
Sensor, wherein the system would be flexible to accommodate all the current
Wavefront Sensing techniques and also the different methods which are used for
wavefront compensation. The system should also accommodate for different data
transmission protocols (like Ethernet, USB, IEEE 1394 etc.) for transmitting
data to and from the FPGA device, thus providing a more flexible platform for
Adaptive Optics control. Preliminary simulation results for the formulation of
the platform, and a design of a fully scalable slope computer is presented.Comment: Paper presented as part of SPIE ICOP 2015 Conference Proceeding
Test of Convergence in Agricultural Factor Productivity: A Semiparametric Approach
We tested for club convergence in U.S. agricultural total factory productivity using a sigma convergence test. We used the same club of states as used by McCunn and Huffman as well as different states within 10 clubs identified by the cluster analysis. Results showed convergence was evident only in a few club groups. Clusters group identified using a statistical method identified only converging clubs. Variables affecting total factor productivity among states were identified using parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric methods. Semiparametric and nonparametric methods gave a better fit than a parametric method as indicated by the specification test. Our results indicated that health care expenditure, public research and extension investment, and private expenditure are important variables impacting total factor productivity differences across states.Clubs, sigma convergence, cluster analysis, semiparametric and nonparametric methods, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,
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