Keggin-Type Catalysts Partially Oxidize 2-Methyl-1,3- Propanediol to Methacrylic Acid in a Micro-Fluidized Bed Reactor

RÉSUMÉ Le méthacrylate de méthyle est le monomère du polyméthacrylate de méthyle. Ce dernier, commercialisé sous les noms de marques Acrylite®, Plexiglas®, Lucite®, Optix®, Perspex®, Oroglas®, Cyrolite®, Sumipex® et Altuglas®, a diverses applications industrielles dans les peintures et revêtements ou l’électronique, comme modificateur pour le PVC, ou pour les implants osseux Nagai (2001); Godfrey (1963); Kung (1994); W. Dormer et al. (1998); Smith et al. (1999). La demande en MMA dépassera les 4.8 millions de tonnes d’ici à 2020 Global Market Analysts (2016). La région Asie–Pacifique est son principal marché, elle inclut notamment la Chine, son premier producteur et consommateur mondial. L’Amérique du Nord et l’Europe se classent deuxième et troisième, respectivement, tandis que le Moyen–Orient, l’Afrique, et l’Amérique Latine représentent les marchés en plus forte croissance Global Market Analysts (2016). Le PMMA (produit à partir de MMA) dépassera lui les 2.8 millions de tonne en demande annuelle. Mitsubishi Rayon a ainsi rapporté une croissance de la demande de plus de 0.2 millions de tonnes en rythme annuel (5% to 6%) Nagai et Ui (2004); Program (2006); Schunk et Brem (2011). Cette hausse de la demande en PMMA se traduit en moyenne par une augmentation annuelle de l’ordre de 10% du prix au gros du MMA Jing (2012). En 2015, la demande globale égalait la capacité de production à l’échelon mondial Markit (2016); Global Market Analysts (2016). La production de méthacrylate de méthyle (MMA) par le procédé acétone cyanohydrine (ACH) dépend de matières premières couteuses et toxiques et souffre de faibles conversions. L’estérification de l’acide méthacrylique (MAA) en MMA est une alternative au ACH. Cependant, les procédés de synthèse de MAA requièrent plusieurs étapes et leurs catalyseurs ont une faible durée de vie. L’oxydation d’oléfines légères en acide méthacrylique (MAA) – en tant que matières premières alternative pour le MMA— réduit les lacunes du précédé actuel Montag et Mckenna (1991); Drent et Budzelaar (1996); Zhou et al. (2015). Toutefois, les voies proposées depuis ces matières premières souffrent également de faibles conversions, de multiples étapes et de la faible durée de vie des catalyseurs. Nous avons employé un micro-lit fluidisé gaz-solide pour oxyder partiellement, et pour la première fois, du 2–méthyl–1,3–propanediol (2MPDO) sur un catalyseur hétérogène. Au travers du choix du catalyseur, du design du micro-lit fluidisé, de la réaction des composés thermosensibles en produits à valeur ajouté, et du modèle cinétique, nous avons cherché à optimiser l’ensemble du procédé catalytique pour développer une nouvelle approche pour l’oxydation partielle du 2MDPO en produits chimiques de spécialité. Avant de s’attaquer au corps de ce projet de recherche, nous avons réalisé dans le second chapitre une étude compréhensive de l’ensemble des procédés actuels, commerciaux et potentiels permettant la “Synthèse catalytique d’acide méthacrylique et de méthacrylate de méthyle” (Chapitre 2 : “Catalysis for the synthesis of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate”) afin de comprendre les points suivants: 1. Les avantages et inconvénients des procédés actuels ; 2. Le choix, potentiel ou commercial, du catalyseur pour chaque approche ; 3. Les conditions opératoires optimales et les mécanismes réactionnels possibles. Pour le premier objectif spécifique, nous proposons un nouveau procédé hétérogène gaz-solide-liquide dans lequel nous atomisons le réactif, liquide, sur le catalyseur pour réaliser l’oxydation partielle du 2MPDO en MAA et en méthacroléine (MAC). À cet égard, nous avons assigné les chapitres 3 et 4 de cette thèse– ainsi que deux articles publiés– à cet objectif spécifique. Le chapitre 3 est intitulé : “Oxydation en phase gaz du 2–méthyl–1,3–propanediol en acide méthacrylique sur des catalyseurs hétéropolyacidiques” (“Gas phase oxidation of 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid over heteropolyacid catalysts”). Le quatrième chapitre, portant sur le même thème, est intitulé : “Oxydation partielle du 2–méthyl–1,3–propanediol en acide méthacrylique : modélisation expérimentale et du réseau neural” (“Partial oxidation of methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid : experimental and neural network modeling”). Le 2MPDO liquide est atomisé par de l’argon sur la surface du catalyseur à une température de 250 °C. La première difficulté expérimentale est l’agglomération du catalyseur au cours du temps qui conduit à l’obstruction du distributeur après quelques expériences. Afin de surmonter ce problème, nous avons optimisé le ratio Ar/2MPDO (gaz/réactif liquide), la configuration de la buse, et la perte de charge. Parmi tous les catalyseurs hétérogènes synthétisés, les hétéropolycomposés de type Keggin sont ceux qui se sont montrés les plus actifs pour réaliser le clivage de la liaison C−H et oxyder sélectivement le 2MPDO en MAA+MAC. La température et le ratio 2MPDO:O2 affectent de façon prépondérante le rendement en produits désirés. Les autres éléments à considérer pour ce procédé sont la formation de coke, le haut taux de conversion, et la formation de sous-produits. Bien que nous ayons testé différent types de catalyseurs avec différentes conditions opératoires, nous n’avons toujours aucune idée de la nature de la relation entre structure du catalyseur et sélectivité en produits. Il nous faut également réfléchir à la nature des sites actifs pour ce type de catalyseur et pour cette réaction sachant que la température de calcination est le paramètre de synthèse ayant le plus d’impact sur les performances du catalyseur. Notre second objectif spécifique a ainsi consisté à calciner le catalyseur optimal (déterminé au premier objectif) à différentes températures. Nous avons caractérisé le catalyseur avec différentes techniques pour distinguer les différences induites par la calcination en termes de structures. Nous proposons ainsi un nouveau mécanisme qui lie la structure du catalyseur, les réactifs, et les produits. Les résultats du second objectif ont été publiés dans un article reproduits dans le chapitre 5. Le chapitre 5 est intitulé “Des catalyseurs de type Keggin à base de Cs, V et Cu oxydent partiellement le 2–méthyl–1,3–propanediol en acide méthacrylique” (“Cs, V, Cu Keggin–type catalysts partially oxidize 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid”). La dernière étape a consisté à modéliser les données expérimentales des différents mécanismes. Le modèle de Mars et Van Krevelen caractérise nos données mieux que ceux de Langmuir– Hinshelwood ou de Eley–Rideal : la séquence réactionnelle implique à la fois des réactions en série et en parallèle dans lesquelles le 2MDPO forme du MAC et du MAA directement et où le MAC formé réagit ensuite pour donner du MAA. Le taux de réaction en série du MAC en MAA est 50 fois plus rapide que celui de la réaction en parallèle (formation du MAC et du MAA). La réaction de 2MPDO sur les sites oxydés pour former des produits est la étape limitante. Le chapitre 6 intitulé “Cinétique d’oxydation du 2-méthyle-1,3-propanediol en acide méthacrylique”. À l’aide de la compréhension glanée dans ce projet, nous pouvons conclure que l’oxydation partielle du 2MDPO dans un réacteur à lit fluidisé gaz-solide est une approche novatrice pour valoriser le 2MDPO en produits chimiques de spécialité et en acides carboxyliques en particulier. Dans le système gaz-solide-liquide, le 2MDPO est introduit lentement dans le lit avec lequel il est en contact direct. Il s’évapore, et s’oxyde soit à la surface du catalyseur, soit dans le lit. Il est converti en acides carboxyliques. Les catalyseurs acides à base de vanadium et de molybdène font preuve de performances prometteuses pour la conversion du 2MDPO en produits à valeur ajoutée. Si l’activité catalytique affecte le rendement et la sélectivité en produits, les conditions opératoires telles que la température et la concentration en O2 ont elles-aussi un impact majeur. Le modèle cinétique proposé prédit de façon précise, tout en restant simple, la conversion en 2MDPO, la sélectivité en produits, et l’effet des différents paramètres. Le co-produit de la méthode ici-présentée est du syngaz, un mélange de CO+H2 pouvant être transformé en carburants et autres produits chimiques. ---------- ABSTRACT Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a specialty monomer for poly–methyl–methacrylate (PMMA), which is marketed under trademarks Acrylite®, Plexiglas®, Lucite®, Optix®, Perspex®, Oroglas®, Cyrolite®, Sumipex® and Altuglas® and applied in diverse industries including paints and coatings, electronics, as a modifier for PVC, and as bone inserts Nagai (2001); Godfrey (1963); Kung (1994); W. Dormer et al. (1998); Smith et al. (1999). Demand of MMA will surpass 4.8 million metric tonne by 2020 Global Market Analysts (2016), where Asia–Pacific is the main market in which China ranks first for production and consumption. North America and Europe are ranked second and third, respectively, while the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America are the areas growing the fastest Global Market Analysts (2016). PMMA (produced from MMA) surpassed 2.8 million tonne annually. Mitsubishi Rayon reported annual growth in demand of more than 0.2 million tonnes (5% to 6%) Nagai et Ui (2004); Program (2006); Schunk et Brem (2011). Due to the increasing demand for PMMA, the price of bulk MMA increased by 10% annually Jing (2012).In 2015, the worldwide demand equalled the global supply capacity Markit (2016); Global Market Analysts (2016). The acetone cyanohydrin process (ACH) to produce methyl methacrylate (MMA) relies on expensive and toxic feedstock and suffers from low yield. Methacrylic acid (MAA) esterification to MMA is an alternative to ACH. However, current processes to produce MAA require multi steps and catalysts lifetime are short. Oxidizing light olefins to methacrylic acid (MAA) – as an alternative feedstock for MMA– reduces the deficiencies of the current process Montag et Mckenna (1991); Drent et Budzelaar (1996); Zhou et al. (2015). However, the proposed routes from these feedstocks also suffer from low yield, multiple steps, and short catalyst lifetime. We employed a gas–solid micro fluidized bed reactor to partially oxidize 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol (2MPDO) over the heterogeneous catalysts for the first time. We targeted developing a catalytic process, the catalyst used, temperature sensitive materials to value added chemicals, a micro fluidized-bed reactor, and kinetic modeling to pave a new road in the partial oxidation of 2MPDO into specialty chemicals. Before starting the main body of the research, we did a comprehensive study as the second chapter entitled “Catalysis for the synthesis of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate” on all current commercialized/potential processes to understand the following aspects: 1. The advantages or disadvantages of the current approaches; 2. The potential commercial or developed catalysts for each route; 3. The optimum operating conditions and possible mechanisms. As the first specific objective, we propose a new gas-solid-liquid heterogeneous process in which we atomize the liquid reactant over the catalyst to partially oxidize 2MPDO into MAA and methacrolein (MAC). In this regard, we assigned chapters 3 and 4 of this thesis–as two published papers– to this specific objective. The third chapter is “Gas phase oxidation of 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid over heteropolyacid catalysts”. The fourth chapter is also assigned to “Partial oxidation of methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid: experimental and neural network modeling”. Argon atomized the liquid 2MPDO over the catalyst surface operating at 250 °C. However, the first encountered issue was catalyst agglomeration with time which blocked injector after some experiments. To overcome this problem, we optimized the Ar/2MPDO ratio, the nozzle configuration and pressure drop. Among the synthesized heterogeneous catalysts, Keggin–type heteropolycompounds were active to cleavage C−H bond of hydrocarbon and selectively oxidize 2MPDO to MAA+MAC. Temperature and the 2MPDO:O2 ratio affect the yield of desired products. Coke formation, high conversion and forming byproducts are the other issues of this process. Although we tested several kind of catalysts over different operating conditions, we still have no idea what the correlation between catalyst structure and products selectivity. On the other hand what the active sites in this catalyst type for this reaction? Moreover, calcination temperature is the most effective parameters on charge transfer among metal ions of catalyst that affects its performance. Therefore as the second objective, we calcined the optimum catalyst structure (obtained from the first objective) at different temperatures. We characterized the catalyst with several techniques to distinguish the differences in their structures. We propose a new mechanism that correlates the catalyst structure, reactant, and products. The results of second objective published as a paper in chapter 5. Chapter 5 entitled “Cs, V, Cu Keggin–type catalysts partially oxidize 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid”. As the last step, we modeled experimental data by different mechanisms. The Mars and Van Krevelen model characterizes the experimental data better than the either the Langmuir–Hinshelwood or Eley–Rideal models: The reaction sequence involves both parallel and series reactions in which 2MPDO for MAC and MAA directly and MAC reacts to form MAA but the series reaction rate to MAA is 50 times faster than the parallel reaction rate. Reacting of 2MPDO over the oxidized sites to form products is the rate–limiting step. Chapter 6 entitled “Oxidation kinetics of 2–methyl–1,3–propanediol to methacrylic acid”. With the help of the insight gained in this study we can say that the partial oxidation of 2MPDO in the gas–solid fluidized–bed reactor is a novel approach for upgrading 2MPDO to value–added chemicals and in particularly carboxylic acids as an open chain product from 2MPDO. In the gas-solid-liquid system, 2MPDO was introduced to the bed slowly, directly contacted with the catalyst, evaporates, and oxidized on the surface of the catalyst or in the bed and converted to carboxylic acids. Acidic catalyst based on vanadium and molybdenum demonstrated promising performance in the conversion of 2MPDO to fine chemicals. However, catalyst activity and selectivity changes the liquid product yield and selectivity but reaction condition such as temperature and O2 concentration have a considerable effect, as well. The proposed kinetic model, however, was simple but accurately predicts 2MPDO conversion, product selectivity and the effect of various parameters. The by-product of the introduced method was syngas, which can be converted into fuel and chemicals

Morphological changes of vanadyl pyrophosphate due to thermal excursions

Vanadyl pyrophosphate (VPP) is the active catalytic phase that converts n-butane to maleic anhydride in fixed beds, fluidized beds, and DuPont’s circulating fluidized bed (CFB). The original CFB concept was based on the Mars van-Krevelen reaction mechanism in which the solid lattice contributes all of the oxygen to partially oxidize the n-butane. However, to maintain high activity and selectivity requires that the surface lattice is oxidized; thus, DuPont co-fed pure oxygen through 926 nozzles at three levels in the CFB. Since pure oxygen was fed independently of the butane stream, the gas composition at the nozzle crosses the explosion envelope and the local temperature could rise several 100 ∘C. Furthermore, the gas composition in the exhaust pipe downstream of the cyclone was within the explosion envelope. The temperature in these two regions periodically exceeded 700∘C, which was sufficiently high to deactivate the catalyst and turn it black. Here, we reproduced the high temperature conditions to examine the changes in catalyst morphology. A TA-Q500 heated the fresh catalyst to 800 ∘C under nitrogen and air flow. The VPP catalyst turned black above 700 ∘C in air but not in nitrogen. The catalytic surface area and pore volume of the fresh calcined catalyst decreased from 23 m2g−1 and 0.14 cm3g−1 to 12 m2g−1, and 0.09 cm3g−1 in the equilibrated catalyst. New bonds form and the active VPP reacts with silica to form VO(P2SiO8)

Epidemiological study of trauma patients referred from Imam Reza trauma center to Shohada orthopedic center in Tabriz, Iran, during 2015

Introduction: Traumas are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world, especially in developing countries. The economic and social burdens of the disease vastly affect both developed and developing countries in different ways. Although the importance of this issue is obvious, there are few documentations about the characteristics of trauma patients in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of trauma patients referred to orthopedic center in Tabriz, Iran, during 2015. Methods: Eight hundred twenty-one patients with trauma that needed orthopedic interventions were studied in this cross-sectional study during 2015 in Tabriz. Age, sex, trauma type and date were collected and analyzed by SPSS. Results: From 821 patients, 70.9% were male. Most of the patients were referred in summer (33.6%) in June (11.6%). The mean age was 40.67 ± 20.4 with a tendency toward young ages (skewness = 0.28). The most common trauma types were car accidents (54.8%) and falling traumas (33.5%). Falling trauma was higher among females (42.31% vs 31.91%). Car accidents increased in cold seasons of the year. Most falling traumas were in spring and summer. Falling increased with increase in age while bicycle and motorcycle accidents decreased. Conclusion: According to high incidence of traffic injuries, an integrated multidisciplinary intervention to reduce the rate of traumas and their burden is essential

Mapping catquest scores onto EQ-5D utility values in patients with cataract disease

Background: Mapping from non-performance-based measures onto generic performance-based measures provides an appropriate solution to derive utilities to be used in economic evaluations. Objectives: This study aimed to create a model through which EQ-5D utilities for cataracts can be obtained from scores on the disease-specific Catquest measure. Patients and Methods: One hundred ninety-nine observations from 103 patients who self-administered the EQ-5D, the Catquest and questions on demographic and clinical characteristics were included in the analysis. Data was divided into estimation and validation datasets. To predict EQ-5D utilities, multiple regression analysis, using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the censored least absolute deviation (CLAD), was performed. Catquest scores, age, gender, and performing surgery were included as explanatory variables. An estimation dataset was used to derive the coefficients, and these coefficients were then validated using a validation dataset. Based on the explanatory power, the consistency, the simplicity, the mean absolute error (MAE) and the correlations between observed and fitted utilities, the most appropriate model was selected. Results: The mean EQ-5D and Catquest scores of the total sample were 0.631 and 15.8, respectively. Age and surgery showed no significant effect for either method. Removing age and surgery, model II was built and given an R2of 0.697, an MAE of 0.1176 for the OLS and an R2of 0.614, and an MAE of 0.1153 for the CLAD method. In the validation stage, the CLAD revealed better prediction ability, with an MAE of 0.198 versus an MAE of 0.209 for the OLS. ICC and Bland-Altman analysis put the CLAD as a preferred method with the following equation: Utilities (EQ-5D) = 0.988 - 0.0281 × Catquest (PD) + 0.102 × gender (male = 1). Conclusions: Based on these results, a mapping function was obtained which appears to be valuable in predicting EQ-5D utilities from Catquest scores. This function gives an appropriate solution to estimate utilities when primary EQ-5D data is not available. Although the model represents good consistency and predictive ability, further examination of obtained function is required with large samples. © 2016, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal

Catalytic glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,3-propanediol in a gas–solid fluidized bed

Glycerol is a potential feedstock to produce 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO), which is a valuable commercial polyester monomer. Here, we report the gas-phase glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,3-propanediol over Pt/WO3/Al2O3 in a fluidized bed operating above 240 degrees C and at ambient pressure. Fluidized beds are ideal contactors for this reaction because the heat transfer rates are sufficiently high to vaporize glycerol thereby minimizing its combustion and thermal degradation. The yield of 1,3-PDO approached 14% after 2 h at 260 degrees C. The major co-products were 1,2-PDO (18%), 1-propanol (28%) and 2-propanol (15%). In the first step, glycerol may dehydrate to acrolein, followed by rehydration to 3-hydroxypropanal and then hydrogenation to 1,3-PDO. The concentrations of the by-products including acrolein, ethylene glycol, propane, and acetone increased with increasing temperature

Current views of community and hospital pharmacists on pharmaceutical care services in the United Arab Emirates: A mixed methodological study [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

Background: The profession of pharmacy has evolved significantly in recent years in terms of professional service delivery. The aim of this study was to explore the current views of pharmacists in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on pharmaceutical care services and the nature of barriers encountered in practice using qualitative and quantitative assessment methods. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital and community pharmacists (n = 305) between March and May 2021, using qualitative and quantitative assessment methods. In the qualitative phase, 15 interviews were conducted to explore five main criteria: patient information, inadequate patient counseling, prescribing errors prevention and identifying drug-related problems, lack of participation in health awareness programs, and barriers to pharmaceutical care implementation. In the quantitative phase, 305 consenting pharmacists completed a questionnaire on seven criteria: demographic profile, pharmacist-physician interaction, patient counseling assessment, patient reports of adverse drug events, pharmacist participation in health awareness programs, perceptions of reducing prescribing errors and identifying drug-related problems, and barriers to appropriate pharmaceutical care implementation. Results: The results of both the qualitative and quantitative phases of the study revealed that pharmacists' influence on practice in the UAE is limited due to many factors, mainly lack of time and patients' ignorance of the pharmacist's role in the medical field. The mean responses regarding pharmacists' approach to patient counseling and patients' knowledge of pharmacists' role in managing adverse drug reactions were 77.1% and 59.7%, respectively. Active participation in health awareness programs was 64.8%. The mean positive response of participants in reducing prescribing errors and recognizing drug-related problems was 9.2%. Pharmacists' age and number of years in practice were the most important factors influencing the pharmaceutical care services implementation. Conclusion: The study has shown the need to shed light on the proper implementation of pharmaceutical care while maintaining a trusting relationship with physicians

ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

Abstract The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA—disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally—is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease

Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B3: Area 5)

Abstract Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) focuses on the integrated care of chronic diseases. Area 5 (Care Pathways) was initiated using chronic respiratory diseases as a model. The chronic respiratory disease action plan includes (1) AIRWAYS integrated care pathways (ICPs), (2) the joint initiative between the Reference site MACVIA-LR (Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif) and ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), (3) Commitments for Action to the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing and the AIRWAYS ICPs network. It is deployed in collaboration with the World Health Organization Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD). The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing has proposed a 5-step framework for developing an individual scaling up strategy: (1) what to scale up: (1-a) databases of good practices, (1-b) assessment of viability of the scaling up of good practices, (1-c) classification of good practices for local replication and (2) how to scale up: (2-a) facilitating partnerships for scaling up, (2-b) implementation of key success factors and lessons learnt, including emerging technologies for individualised and predictive medicine. This strategy has already been applied to the chronic respiratory disease action plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing

ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.Peer reviewe