Origin of strange metallic phase in cuprate superconductors

The origin of strange metallic phase is shown to exist due to these two conditions---(i) the electrons are strongly interacting such that there are no band and Mott-Hubbard gaps, and (ii) the electronic energy levels are crossed in such a way that there is an electronic energy gap between two energy levels associated to two different wave functions. The theory is also exploited to explain (i) the upward- and downward-shifts in the $T$-linear resistivity curves, and (ii) the spectral weight transfer observed in the soft X-ray absorption spectroscopic measurements of the La-Sr-Cu-O Mott insulator.Comment: To be published in J. Supercond. Nov. Mag

Geological Map of the Antelope Peak NE 7.5’ Quadrangle and the southern 2/3rd of the Maricopa 7.5’ Quadrangle, Pinal County, Arizona, v 2.0

This report and accompanying maps describe the geology, geomorphology, and geologic hazards of the Maricopa area in western Pinal County, central Arizona. This mapping covers all of the Antelope Peak NE 7 ½’ quadrangle and most of the Maricopa 7 ½’, and includes the community of Maricopa (Figure 1). The map area encompasses part of the basin floor occupied by Santa Rosa Wash and the Santa Cruz River, the gently sloping piedmonts flanking the west side of the basin floor, and a few bedrock hills (inselbergs) outboard from the Haley Hills, Palo Verde Mountains and Table Top Mountains to the west and southwest of the map area. Agricultural activity and more recently urban development have substantially modified the surface of the basin floor and most of the piedmont areas. Maricopa is developing into a significant population center and rapid development is occurring on the basin floor and the piedmont in the northern part of the map area. The map area includes part of the Maricopa- Stanfield sedimentary basin, from which tremendous amounts of ground water have been extracted primarily for agricultural purposesDocuments in the AZGS Document Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]

A Summary of Salinities in Arizona’s Deep Groundwater

The Department of Energy (DOE), including its National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (WESTCARB), established national programs to evaluate the technical feasibility of long-term subsurface geologic storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by industrial activity. As part of a WESTCARB Phase III – Arizona Geological Characterization (contract No. 500-10-024), the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) is evaluating the potential for CO2 sequestration in permeable geologic formations that are below 800 meters (m) (2,624 feet) depth below land surface (bls). Calculating basin volume below 800 m depth is important because CO2 will only remain in a dense, near-liquid state at pressures corresponding to water overburden (hydrostatic pressure) at such depths. Successful sequestration requires both adequate permeability and porosity for large-volume CO2 injection, and an impermeable cap rock that will prevent movement of CO2 to shallower depths and potential escape to the atmosphere. Thus, research of storage potential is targeted at porous and permeable geologic formations with impermeable sealing strata in Cenozoic sedimentary basins in the Basin and Range province, and Paleozoic sedimentary formations in the Colorado Plateau province. Sediment volumes in the 88 Cenozoic basins in Arizona evaluated by Spencer (2011) total 42,247 cubic kilometers (km3), with almost half of the sediment volume in the largest ten basins. The initial screening of Cenozoic sedimentary basins with significant volume and depths (below 800 m), resulted in ten candidate basins (Spencer 2011). Part of the evaluation process is to assess CO2 storage potential and includes identifying geologic formations below 800 m depth, where groundwater salinity concentrations exceed 10,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of total dissolved solids (TDS). This concentration represents the threshold above which water is considered non-potable and unsuitable as drinking water (United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), (US EPA 2012). This report presents the results of salinity-data collection throughout Arizona, the data sources and methods used, and a brief discussion of the results, especially with regard to areas in Arizona identified as having CO2 storage potential.Documents in the AZGS Document Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]

An Investigation of Thermal Springs throughout Arizona: Geochemical, Isotopic, and Geological Characterization, Arizona Basin and Range Province

Under the Department of Energy (DOE) National Geothermal Data System (NGDS) (Contract DE-EE0002850) Supplemental Data project to discover new geothermal data, the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) investigated the geochemical makeup of groundwater from select thermal springs and wells during late 2012 through 2013. In addition, the related geological context was investigated to evaluate potential groundwater transport mechanism(s) and heat source(s) relevant to geothermal energy production. Chemical analysis of thermal groundwater may be used to estimate subsurface temperatures by applying chemical geothermometry techniques, thus attempting to specify reservoir temperatures and to model possible sources of heat. An exploration program that integrates geochemical indicators of aquifer geometry and temperature with geology, geophysics, well targeting and well testing is likely to lower the cost of building sufficient confidence in resource conceptual models capable to commit to a generation capacity and plan well targets for development (Powell and Cumming, 2010). This report is intended to discuss the geochemistry and geology in relation to the select hot springs and wells sampled throughout Southern Arizona. This report presents the data and our interpretation to the extent of our limited understanding of geochemistry and complex factors that contribute to the geothermometry. It is meant to provide data for geothermal experts and others interested in pursuing additional interpretation. The geothermometry model devised by Tom Powell and William Cumming (Powell and Cumming, 2010) supports many of the common graphic analyses of water chemistry used to interpret hot spring and thermal well groundwater in geothermal exploration and development. The model provides geochemistry interpretative tools with proven value in exploring and characterizing the properties of both volcanic and forced-convection geothermal reservoirs. Cross-plots and ternary diagrams are generated from measured concentrations of chemical species using formulas based on equilibrium reactions and empirical relationships.Prepared for U.S. Department of Energy Under the National Geothermal Data System Supplemental Project Contract DE-EE0002850Documents in the AZGS Document Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]

Protocrystalline Silicon at High Rate from Undiluted Silane

ABSTRACTHot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HWCVD) is shown to be a fast method for the deposition of protocrystalline silicon films from undiluted silane. Intrinsic silicon-hydrogen films (2 μm thick) have been deposited by HWCVD on plain stainless steel as well as on stainless steel precoated with a n-type doped microcrystalline silicon layer. In X-ray diffraction experiments, the linewidths of the first sharp peak (FSP) were 5.59 ± 0.09 degrees and 5.29 ± 0.11 degrees, respectively, indicating improved medium-range order and a template effect due to the μc-Si:H n-layer. For thinner layers (0.7 μm thick), the linewidths of the FSP were 5.29 ± 0.09 degrees and 5.10 ± 0.09 degrees. These FSPs are as narrow as for optimized i-layers made by H2-diluted plasma deposition, however, at a much higher deposition rate (1 nm/s), at moderate temperature (250°C), and without the use of H2 dilution. In accompanying transmission electron micro-graphs, the layers show a significant concentration of elongated small voids in the growth direction that are not interconnected. Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) results are consistent with these observations. We suspect that the void nature allows the bulk of the film to be more ordered. The utilization of such layers in n-i- p solar cells on plain stainless steel leads to cells with a remarkably good stability, showing a decrease of the fill factor of less than 10 % during 1500 h of light soaking.</jats:p