Next Generation Cloud Computing Architectures: Performance and Pricing

Cloud providers need to optimize the container deployments to efficiently utilize their network, compute and storage resources. In addition, they require an attractive pricing strategy for the compute services like containers, virtual machines, and serverless computing in order to attract users, maximize their profits and achieve a desired utilization of their resources. This thesis aims to tackle the twofold challenge of achieving high performance in container deployments and identifying the pricing for compute services. For performance, the thesis presents a transport-adaptive network architecture (D-TAIL) improving tail latencies. Existing transport protocols such as Homa, pFabric [1, 2] utilize Shortest Remaining Processing Time (SRPT) scheduling policy which is known to have starvation issues for long flows as SRPT prioritizes short flows. D-TAIL addresses this limitation by taking age of the flow in consideration while deciding the priority. D-TAIL shows a maximum reduction of 72%, 29.66% and 28.39% in 99th-percentile FCT for transport protocols like DCTCP, pFabric and Homa respectively. In addition, the thesis also presents a container deployment design utilizing peer-to-peer network and virtual file system with content-addressable storage to address the problem of cold starts in existing container deployment systems. The proposed deployment design increases compute availability, reduces storage requirement and prevents network bottlenecks. For pricing, the thesis studies the tradeoffs between serverless computing (SC) and traditional cloud computing (virtual machine, VM) using realistic cost models, queueing theoretic performance models, and a game theoretic formulation. For customers, we identify their workload distribution between SC and VM to minimize their cost while maintaining a particular performance constraint. For cloud provider, we identify the SC and VM prices to maximize its profit. The main result is the identification and characterization of three optimal operational regimes for both customers and the provider, that leverage either SC or VM only, or both, in a hybrid configuration

Integration of Microfluidic Devices and Smart Phones for Water Monitoring –A Review

Microfluidic innovation permits analytical system to be scaled down and incorporated into lab-on-a-chip devices, minimizing the volume of reagents consumed and of waste created, and permitting the utilization of low-fueled pumping system. Here, in this survey we will ponder the microfluidic sensors able to do quick, multiplexed detection. Electrochemical detection in a microfluidic stage offers numerous focal points, for example, compactness, insignificant utilization of instrumentation, and simple integration with electronics. In numerous parts of the world, be that as it may, the required gear for detection through electrochemical sensors is either not available or inadequately compact, and administrators may not be prepared to utilize these sensors and translate results, at last keeping its wide adoption. Presently a days, step by step the versatile innovation is growing quick. Joining these sort of versatile electrochemical procedures with such quickly developing advances will give advantage to the community. Toward a solution to water quality interventions, individuals have effectively demonstrate a microfluidic electrochemical sensor joined with a portable interface that identifies the different water contaminants and contaminations, appropriate for quick, reasonable, and point-of-care water monitoring. In this survey, we will first give the general foundation of microfluidic-based detection, versatile innovations available in combination with microfluidic sensors, and their integration

Synthesis of Fluorescent Anti-Malarial Drug Probes And Evaluation Within Plasmodium Falciparum

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENC

Hip fractures associated with concomitant upper limb fractures: a case series

Elderly patients are at risk of fractures of distal radius, proximal humerus, spine and hip even due to trivial low energy falls. Hip injuries are commonly associated with concomitant ipsilateral upper limb injury because of a protective reflex of shielding their body from fall using their shoulder or outstretched hand. Here we presented a case series of 3 elderly patients who came to us with hip fractures and concomitant ipsilateral upper limb fractures. The injuries were adequately managed with splintage and operative procedures. Post-operatively mobilization was challenging. But patients were successfully mobilized with the help of relatives and physiotherapists. Concomitant hip fractures with associated ipsilateral upper limb fractures are quite common in elderly and difficult to treat. Post-operatively mobilization of patient and functional outcome is hampered. Proper counselling by operating surgeon, physiotherapy and postoperative rehabilitation with the help of relatives and assisting devices provides good outcome. In cases of hip trauma in old age, one should always thoroughly examine and screen for upper limb injuries. So that early appropriate treatment and mobilization can be done with good functional outcome

Headache be gone: Clearance of extractables and leachables in single-use technologies through ultrafiltration/diafiltration

Application of single-use technologies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing can be driven by several factors such as reduced capital costs, reduced risk of cross-contamination, increased process flexibility, and reduced cleaning validation. However, implementation of single-use technologies have been restricted due to a number of concerns, with the most commonly cited being the presence of extractables and leachables (E/L) from single-use technologies. In general, overly conservative estimates of E/L are used in the risk assessment due to lack of data on clearance, resulting in a time-consuming, costly, and extensive E/L assessment for single-use technologies. A proof-of-concept study is presented here to simplify these E/L assessments for qualification and implementation of single-use technologies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Results from the study indicated clearance of defined E/L in protein solutions. However, unexpected clearance phenomena were observed for specific groups of E/L, which will be discussed in detail

Study of the post operative outcome in orthopeadic management in cases of high HBA1c diabetic patients-a case series

Elderly diabetic patients are at risk of poor fracture healing in post-traumatic fracture seven due to trivial low energy falls and chronic pathological bone involvement. Glycated haemoglobins are haemoglobins with an attached sugar moiety. HbA1c is the predominant fraction of HbA1 and gives an estimate of the blood sugar levels of an individual over the last three months. Here we present a case series of 3 elderly patients who came to us with post traumatic fractures or chronic bone pathologies and very high HBA1C values (>10%) who required operative orthopaedics management. The injuries were adequately managed with splintage and operative procedures after proper control of the patients’ blood sugars levels. Postoperatively mobilization was challenging. Orthopaedic chronic bone pathologies and post traumatic limb fractures with uncontrolled sugar and very high HBa1c are very difficult to treat. Postoperatively patients are at a very high risk of infection, poor suture healing, risk of repeat fracture, osteoporosis, etc which often results into functional outcome being hampered. Proper counselling by operating surgeon, physiotherapy and postoperative rehabilitation with the help of relatives and assisting devices with strict preoperative and post operative sugar control provides good outcome. In cases of trauma in old age, one should always thoroughly examine and screen for comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes using reliable markers such as HBa1c levels. So that early appropriate treatment and mobilization can be done with good functional outcome

Primary tendon repair in a case of acute traumatic tibialis anterior with extensor hallucis longus tendon rupture in a young male-a case report

Tibialis anterior tendon rupture is a rare entity which can be either traumatic and non-traumatic. It often presents late due to mild clinical symptoms and signs. Acute ruptures are traumatic occurring in young individuals while chronic ruptures are due to degenerative processes occurring in elderly individuals, commonly after 45 years of age. Tibia anterior along with extensor hallucis tendon is an even rarer entity, operative management of which becomes mandatory, more so in a young active individual for better outcome. We have a 31-year-old male patient, who presented to us with an acute post traumatic tibialis anterior tendon rupture of 3 days duration which was diagnosed following an initial clinical examination, an unremarkable X-ray picture, and Ultrasonography confirming the diagnosis. The patient was managed with primary repair of the tibialis anterior tendon along with Extensor hallucis tendon (which was found intra-operatively) with 2-0 ethibond sutures using a cross-linked Bunnell technique. The patient regained full ankle range of motion at 8 weeks post operative period with ankle dorsiflexion and great toe extension back to pre-injury state.As we have seen with this case, early primary repair in a case of acute rupture at tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus rupture with non-absorbable suture has significant improved post operative outcome in terms of return of the affected range of motion and can be practice safely in new hands with limited resources as material of suture and technique has not significant effect in post operative outcome. Acute tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis tendon rupture, non absorbable suture, ethibond, cross linked Bunnell technique.

The management of complex periprosthetic femoral fractures: a case series of plating with wire augmentation, and a review of the literature

Periprosthetic fractures continue to increase in frequency. This is due, in part, to the increasing number of primary and revision arthroplasties performed annually and to the increasing age and fragility of patients with such implants. All types of periprosthetic fractures can present unique and substantial treatment challenges. Here we present a case series of 3 elderly patients who came to us with periprosthetic hip fractures in previously operated case of hip hemiarthroplasty/total hip replacement done. The injuries were managed with splintage and operative procedures. Postoperatively mobilization was challenging. But patients were successfully mobilized with the help of relatives and physiotherapists. Periprosthetic fractures are becoming quite common in elderly and difficult to treat as the number of hip joint arthroplasty operative has increased in developing countries. the correct procedure is very challenging as every case needs to be treated very individualistically. A good plan always results in much reduction in the operating time and better patient post operative outcome. Postoperatively mobilization of patient and functional outcome is hampered. Proper counselling by operating surgeon, physiotherapy and postoperative rehabilitation with the help of relatives and assisting devices provides good outcome. So that early appropriate treatment and mobilization can be done with good functional outcome

Outcome of early control of infection using antibiotics impregnated cement beads in early surgical site infection in operated case of intra articular comminuted fracture (AO C3) of distal femur with ORIF: case report and review of literature

Surgical site infection is the most deleterious complication for any surgery and it's quite a daunting task for the surgeon to manage such post op events which also takes a great toll on patients' health physically as well as financially. Here we are presenting one such case report of early SSI effectively managed with antibiotic cement beads incorporation locally. We report a 65 year old male patient case of left sided comminuted distal femur fracture who was managed operatively with open reduction and internal fixation with 8 holes distal femur plate. Patient developed early SSI and was managed with debridement and antibiotic cement beads which was removed 6 weeks later. Here, we bring to the fore relevant findings to conclude the advantages of antibiotic cement beads for infected surgical wounds. In our case, early intervention resulted in full recovery of the patient from surgical site infection, early rehabilitation of joint mobility, decreased hospital stay and expenses. Looking at the advantages it is concluded from our study that locally impregnated antibiotic beads confers higher effectivity, compliance and cost benefits to the patient.

A case report on surgical excision of intracapsular osteochondroma of femur neck using medial approach without hip dislocation in a young male

Osteochondromas also called exostosis are commonest benign bone tumours. Traditionally Osteochondroma are considered as developmental malformations rather than true neoplasms and are thought to formed inside the periosteum due to separation of small epiphyseal growth plate cartilage. But recent studies suggested it’s relation with mutation in gene exotoxin 1 so now they are considered as true neoplasm. The lesions consist of a bony mass produced by progressive endochondral ossification of a growing cartilaginous cap. Most lesions are found during the period of rapid skeletal growth. Approximately 90% of patients only have a single lesion. Osteochondromas generally found on the metaphysis of a long bone near the physis like distal femur, proximal humerus, and proximal tibia. Due to risk of AVN after surgical management makes it difficult for excision. Due to close proximity to important neurovascular bundles these lesions can cause symptoms related to compression. Hip impingement is also common in these cases. Recurrence of osteochondromas are rare sometimes seen due to failure to remove the entire cartilaginous cap. A 24-year-old male presented with complaints of pain around the right hip and difficulty in walking and running since 2 year. On radiographic examination Right sided neck femur osteochondroma was diagnosed, which was located along the anteroinferior margin of the femur neck. Excision of the lesion was done in supine position using medial approach to hip without dislocation of the femur head. Femur neck osteochondroma should be removed surgically safely without dislocating hip. Osteochondroma must be removed completely with cartilagenous cap to avoid recurrence