77 research outputs found
Monotone graph limits and quasimonotone graphs
The recent theory of graph limits gives a powerful framework for
understanding the properties of suitable (convergent) sequences of
graphs in terms of a limiting object which may be represented by a symmetric
function on , i.e., a kernel or graphon. In this context it is
natural to wish to relate specific properties of the sequence to specific
properties of the kernel. Here we show that the kernel is monotone (i.e.,
increasing in both variables) if and only if the sequence satisfies a
`quasi-monotonicity' property defined by a certain functional tending to zero.
As a tool we prove an inequality relating the cut and norms of kernels of
the form with and monotone that may be of interest in its
own right; no such inequality holds for general kernels.Comment: 38 page
Discriminating neutrino mass models using Type II seesaw formula
In this paper we propose a kind of natural selection which can discriminate
the three possible neutrino mass models, namely the degenerate, inverted
hierarchical and normal hierarchical models, using the framework of Type II
seesaw formula. We arrive at a conclusion that the inverted hierarchical model
appears to be most favourable whereas the normal hierarchical model follows
next to it. The degenerate model is found to be most unfavourable. We use the
hypothesis that those neutrino mass models in which Type I seesaw term
dominates over the Type II left-handed Higgs triplet term are favoured to
survive in nature.Comment: No change in the results, a few references added, some changes in
Type[IIB] calculation
The NOX toolbox: validating the role of NADPH oxidases in physiology and disease
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cellular signals but also disease triggers; their relative excess (oxidative stress) or shortage (reductive stress) compared to reducing equivalents are potentially deleterious. This may explain why antioxidants fail to combat diseases that correlate with oxidative stress. Instead, targeting of disease-relevant enzymatic ROS sources that leaves physiological ROS signaling unaffected may be more beneficial. NADPH oxidases are the only known enzyme family with the sole function to produce ROS. Of the catalytic NADPH oxidase subunits (NOX), NOX4 is the most widely distributed isoform. We provide here a critical review of the currently available experimental tools to assess the role of NOX and especially NOX4, i.e. knock-out mice, siRNAs, antibodies, and pharmacological inhibitors. We then focus on the characterization of the small molecule NADPH oxidase inhibitor, VAS2870, in vitro and in vivo, its specificity, selectivity, and possible mechanism of action. Finally, we discuss the validation of NOX4 as a potential therapeutic target for indications including stroke, heart failure, and fibrosis
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